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Generic Collections For Materials


#$InanimateThing   inanimate objects
A subcollection of #$PartiallyTangible. Each instance of #$InanimateThing is an (at least partly) tangible thing that is not currently a living structure. Things that were never alive, dead organisms, and dead (or completely non-functioning) organism parts are included in this collection. Examples: #$YaleUniversity, a piece of #$Meat, a dead armadillo, the #$StatueOfLiberty, and a pile of #$Sawdust. Two important specializations of this collection are #$InanimateThing-Natural and #$InanimateThing-NonNatural.
guid: bd5905ea-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
direct generalization of: #$Particle #$InorganicStuff #$InanimateThing-NonNatural #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject #$Water #$Oil #$Oxide #$PureSubstance #$ElementStuff #$PathArtifactSystem
#$InorganicStuff   inorganic substances    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$InanimateThing. Each instance of #$InorganicStuff is a tangible thing which is wholly composed of one or more types of inorganic #$Molecule. Instances of #$InorganicStuff usually didn't originate as parts or products of living things.
guid: bd590a05-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of: #$InanimateThing  
direct generalization of: #$Glass #$Mineral #$Metal
#$OrganicStuff   organic substances
A collection of tangible things. Each instance of #$OrganicStuff is a tangible thing composed of one or more types of organic #$Molecule. Instances of #$OrganicStuff usually have their origin in the bodies (or other products) of living things. Since some organic substances can be synthesized, #$OrganicStuff is not a subcollection of #$NaturalTangibleStuff. Chemically, instances of #$OrganicStuff have fairly (or very) complex carbon-based structures. Examples include all instances of the collections #$Oil, #$DNAStuff, #$Alcohol-Compound, #$Ivory, and #$AnimalBodyPart.
guid: bd58c3d0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleStuffCompositionType
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
direct generalization of: #$BiologicalLivingObject #$VegetableMatter #$Oil #$Food #$DeadAnimal #$CerealFood #$DairyProduct #$Food-ReadyToEat
#$NaturalTangibleStuff   naturally occurring tangible things
An instance of #$ExistingStuffType and a sub-collection of #$PartiallyTangible. Each instance of #$NaturalTangibleStuff is a naturally occurring partially tangible thing. Specializations of #$NaturalTangibleStuff include #$LandStuff, #$Wood, and #$Air. Man-made materials are _not_ instances of #$NaturalTangibleStuff.
guid: bd58d55a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
direct generalization of: #$InanimateThing-Natural #$Secretion-Bodily #$BiologicalLivingObject #$VegetableMatter
#$PhysicalAttribute-Coll   physical attributes    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$AttributeValue. Each instance of #$PhysicalAttribute is a measurable attribute (roughly, an attribute that can in principle be measured by some physical instrument) of either a physical event (see the collection #$PhysicalEvent) or a partially tangible object (see the collection #$PartiallyTangible). For example, instances of the collection #$Speed are #$PhysicalAttributes that can be attributes of #$PhysicalEvents (e.g., instances of #$WavePropagation have speeds), as well as attributes of #$PartiallyTangibles. On the other hand, instances of #$Mass can only be attributes of partially tangible objects (consequently, #$Mass is a specialization of #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly, an important specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute). Notable specializations of #$PhysicalAttribute include #$Frequency, #$Area, and #$Distance.
guid: 9280f80e-74ad-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
#$MaterialStrengthType   types of material strength    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of collections. Each instance of #$MaterialStrengthType is a specific collection of attributes used in determining the strength of a material. Examples: #$Hardness, #$Malleability, #$Ductility, #$Elasticity.
guid: bd58d2da-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$SecondOrderCollection
direct specialization of: #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType  
#$Particle   particles    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of both #$PartiallyTangible and #$InanimateThing. Each instance of #$Particle is a smallish liquid or solid tangible thing, usually small enough to be blown about by ordinary gusts of wind, and possibly much smaller. Specializations of #$Particle include the collections #$CornMeal, #$SandParticle, #$Sawdust, #$DustParticle, and #$Sugar-Table.
guid: bd58f47e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType
direct specialization of: #$InanimateThing  
direct generalization of: #$PrecipitationParticle

Attributes Of Materials


#$massOfObject   mass (measure) (physical attribute describing predicate) (tangible object predicate)    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$massOfObject OBJ MASS) means that the tangible object OBJ has #$Mass MASS.
guid: bd590b21-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PhysicalAmountSlot #$TangibleObjectPredicate
direct specialization of: #$sizeParameterOfObject
#$volumeOfObject   volume (measure) (physical attribute describing predicate) (physical-feature describing predicate)
(#$volumeOfObject OBJECT VOLUME) means that the #$SpatialThing OBJECT has the #$Volume VOLUME.
guid: bd58dbad-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PhysicalAmountSlot
direct specialization of: #$sizeParameterOfObject
#$widthOfObject   width    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$widthOfObject OBJECT WIDTH) means that the #$Distance across OBJECT from one side boundary to the opposite side boundary is WIDTH. Side boundaries are roughly perpendicular to the top and bottom of the object. Note that some objects have widths by virtue of having one or more intrinsic default orientations (see #$BilateralObject and its specializations), while some objects have widths by virtue of having orientations determined only in relation to their environments. In any case, having a width requires being at least two-dimensional (see #$TwoOrHigherDimensionalThing). See also #$lengthOfObject, #$heightOfObject, and #$depthOfObject.
guid: bd58e003-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PhysicalAmountSlot
direct specialization of: #$dimensionsOfObject #$sizeParameterOfObject
#$lengthOfObject   length (measure) (physical attribute describing predicate) (physical-feature describing predicate)
(#$lengthOfObject OBJECT LENGTH) means that the length of OBJECT is LENGTH. Which dimension of a given object counts as its length partly depends on such things as the type of object it is, its shape, and its spatial relations to other objects in its environment. Length is normally measured as the #$Distance from (what one intuitively thinks of as) one end of the object to its other end , and often corresponds to the dimension of the object that has the greatest magnitude. Some types of objects (e.g. trains and yachts) have front and back ends -- and thus lengths -- by virtue of having an intrinsic default orientation (see #$FrontAndBackSidedObject and the other specializations of #$BilateralObject). For some other types of objects (e.g. shoelaces and hair strands), length is determined by that dimension that is of much greater magnitude, relatively speaking, than any of the object's other dimensions. Still other objects have lengths by virtue of having orientations determined only in relation to their environments (e.g. the length of a row of adjacent buldings might be the distance across the side of the row that faces the street, whether or not that happens to be the row's dimension of greatest magnitude). See also #$widthOfObject, #$heightOfObject, and #$depthOfObject.
guid: bd58db66-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PhysicalAmountSlot #$IndividualLevelPredicate
direct specialization of: #$dimensionsOfObject #$sizeParameterOfObject
#$heightOfObject   stature (measure) (physical attribute describing predicate) (physical-feature describing predicate)
A #$PhysicalAmountSlot used for stating the heights of tangible objects and other (polydimensional) spatial things. (#$heightOfObject OBJECT HEIGHT) means that the #$Distance (q.v.) from OBJECT's bottom boundary to its top boundary is HEIGHT. Top and bottom are often determined by an object's intrinsic default orientation, if it has one (see #$TopAndBottomSidedObject). But some objects have tops and bottoms -- and thus heights -- only by virtue of their spatial relations to certain other objects in their environments. In any case, having a height requires being at least two-dimensional (see #$TwoOrHigherDimensionalThing). See also #$lengthOfObject, #$widthOfObject, and #$depthOfObject.
guid: bd58e044-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PhysicalAmountSlot
direct specialization of: #$dimensionsOfObject #$sizeParameterOfObject
#$Density   densities
A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$Density is a measure of an aspect of a tangible object, namely, its mass per volume. Instances of #$Density include #$DenseAsOil, #$GaseousDensity, and #$SolidDensity. See also the predicate #$densityOfObject, which relates an object to its density.
guid: bd589819-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity  
#$densityOfObject   density of object    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$densityOfObject OBJ DENS) means that the tangible thing OBJ has the #$Density DENS.
guid: bd5898e0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleObjectPredicate #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$Hardness   hardnesses    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$Hardness is a level of pressure a tangible material can withstand before deforming or fragmenting. Hardnesses may be characterized using a #$GenericValueFunction (q.v.), or relative to certain substances, e.g., #$HardAsARock. See also the predicate #$hardnessOfObject, which relates a physical object to its level of #$Hardness.
guid: bd58b1c2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$MaterialStrengthType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity  
#$hardnessOfObject-Coll   hardness of object - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$hardnessOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the instance of #$SolidTangibleThing OBJ has this DEGREE of #$Hardness.
guid: da505efc-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$Rigidity-Coll   rigidity - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$Rigidity is a property of rigidity belonging to physical objects. See also the predicate #$rigidityOfObject, which relates a physical object to its #$Rigidity.
guid: 050233ac-74ae-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
#$rigidityOfObject-Coll   rigidity of object - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$rigidityOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has this DEGREE of #$Rigidity. A higher DEGREE of #$Rigidity means more force is required to change the shape of OBJ than for a lower DEGREE.
guid: dc3c5dd8-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa #$hasAttributes
#$Compressibility-Coll   levels of compressibility    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$Compressibility is a specific capacity of a physical object to be compressed. Compressibility may be measured with a #$GenericValueFunction. Compressibilities of objects are indicated with the predicate #$compressibilityOfObject (q.v.).
guid: 5cb332fe-74ae-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
#$compressibilityOfObject-Coll   compressibility of object - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$compressibilityOfObject OBJ DEGREE) indicates how readily the tangible object OBJ can be compressed to a smaller volume. The higher the DEGREE of compressibility, the more easily the object can be compressed to a smaller volume. A related concept is #$elasticityOfObject.
guid: d0aecaaa-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$Cohesiveness-Coll   cohesiveness - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$Cohesiveness is a specific capacity of a physical object to cohere. Instances of #$Cohesiveness include #$RigidlyCohesive, #$LiquidCohesiveness, and #$HumanlySeparable. Cohesiveness of objects is indicated with the predicate #$cohesivenessOfObject.
guid: 8ffa51e2-74ae-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
#$cohesivenessOfObject-Coll   cohesiveness of object - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$cohesivenessOfObject OBJ DEGREE) indicates how tightly a tangible object OBJ coheres. A higher value of DEGREE means that it is harder to separate away chunks from the object. Degrees of #$Cohesiveness may be indicated using a #$GenericValueFunction (e.g. (#$MediumAmountFn #$Cohesiveness).
guid: d1f6ba44-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$ShearStrength-Coll   shear strength - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$ShearStrength is a specific capacity of some physical object to resist the slipping of one segment in relation to another. Shear strengths are designated using a #$GenericValueFunction; higher value means more resistance to slippage. Shear strengths of objects are indicated with the predicate #$shearStrengthOfObject.
guid: 81a90d5e-74ae-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
#$shearStrengthOfObject-Coll   shear strength of object - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$shearStrengthOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has a DEGREE amount of #$ShearStrength, i.e., resistance to shearing stress.
guid: 37724334-7f00-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$Fragile   fragilities    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
An instance of #$DegreeOfFragility and a specialization of #$SolidTangibleThing. Each instance of #$Fragile is a physical object that easily breaks.
guid: bd58f203-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$FirstOrderCollection
direct specialization of: #$SolidTangibleThing  
#$fragilityOfObject   fragility of object    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$fragilityOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has the #$DegreeOfFragility DEGREE. The higher the fragility, the more easily the object can be broken.
guid: bd58f1cb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleObjectPredicate #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$Ductility   ductilities    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$Ductility is a specific capacity of a physical material to be stretched, drawn, or hammered thin without breaking. Different degrees of ductility may be represented using a #$GenericValueFunction. Ductilities of objects are indicated with the predicate #$ductilityOfObject.
guid: bd589773-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$MaterialStrengthType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity  
#$ductilityOfObject-Coll   ductility of object - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$ductilityOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the instance of #$SolidTangibleThing OBJ has this DEGREE of #$Ductility (q.v.).
guid: af57ff98-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$TensileStrength   tensile strength    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$TensileStrength describes a specific capacity of a physical object to withstand a force pulling it apart. The higher the tensile strength of the object, the higher the force required to pull the object apart. Different tensile strengths may be represented using a #$GenericValueFunction. Tensile strengths of objects are indicated with the predicate #$tensileStrengthOfSubstance.
guid: bd589ee3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity  
#$tensileStrengthOfSubstance-Coll   tensile strength of substance - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$tensileStrengthOfSubstance OBJ DEGREE) indicates the relative force needed to pull the tangible OBJ apart. A higher DEGREE of #$TensileStrength indicates more force is required to pull the object apart.
guid: abb3f8ce-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$Malleability   malleabilities    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$Malleability is a specific capacity of a physical material to be shaped or formed. Different degrees of malleability may be designated using a #$GenericValueFunction. Malleability of objects is indicated with the predicate #$malleabilityOfObject (q.v.).
guid: bd58955d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$MaterialStrengthType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity  
#$malleabilityOfObject-Coll   malleability of object - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$malleabilityOfObject OBJ DEGREE) indicates that the instance of #$SolidTangibleThing OBJ has the degree of #$Malleability DEGREE.
guid: b1cc8e38-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$Elasticity   elasticity    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$Elasticity is a specific ability of a physical material to quickly and completely return to its original shape after deformation that does not induce breakage, without permanent change to its original dimensions. For example, billiard balls have a high degree of elasticity in this sense. Elasticities of objects are indicated with the predicate #$elasticityOfObject.
guid: bd5884d1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$MaterialStrengthType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity  
#$elasticityOfObject   elasticity of object
This predicate relates a solid thing to its degree of elasticity (that is, to its capacity to readily return to its original shape after being deformed, but not broken). (#$elasticityOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the #$SolidTangibleThing OBJ has DEGREE as its degree of elasticity (where DEGREE is an instance of #$Elasticity). Note that the higher the degree of elasticity, the more quickly and completely the object returns to its previous shape.
guid: bd589f65-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleObjectPredicate #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$Viscosity-Coll   viscosity - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of attributes; a subcollection of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$Viscosity represents a specific viscosity (i.e., `runniness') of some substance. The lower the viscosity of a substance, the more easily it flows or spreads out. Vicosities of objects are indicated with the predicate #$viscosityOfSubstance.
guid: 6c84a44c-74ae-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
#$viscosityOfSubstance-Coll   viscosity of substance - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$viscosityOfSubstance LIQ VISC) means that the #$LiquidTangibleThing LIQ has the #$Viscosity VISC.
guid: ad09276c-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$Porosity-Coll   porosity - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$Porosity is a specific porosity of some physical object. Different porosities may be represented using #$GenericValueFunctions. Porosities of objects are indicated with the predicate #$porosityOfObject (q.v.).
guid: 5aa560c2-74ae-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
#$porosityOfObject-Coll   porosity of object - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$porosityOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has the degree of #$Porosity DEGREE.
guid: aa835620-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$Flammability-Coll   flammability - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of attributes; a subcollection of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$Flammability represents a specific readiness with which some tangible substance burns. Different degrees of #$Flammability are represented using #$GenericValueFunctions. Flammability of an object is indicated with the predicate #$flammabilityOfObject.
guid: 738aa6ce-74ae-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$flammabilityOfObject-Coll   flammability of object - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$flammabilityOfObject SUBST DEGREE) means that the tangible SUBST has this DEGREE of #$Flammability. A higher value of DEGREE describes objects that catch fire and burn more quickly and easily than those with a lower value.
guid: d57e5ff0-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$Volatility-Coll   volatility - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$Volatility is a specific readiness of some liquid to evaporate. Higher volatility indicates a faster rate of evaporation. Volatilities of substances are indicated with the predicate #$volatilityOfSubstance (q.v.).
guid: 586c7110-74ae-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$volatilityOfSubstance-Coll   volatility of substance - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$volatilityOfSubstance SUBST DEGREE) indicates how volatile SUBST is. Objects with a higher DEGREE of #$Volatility evaporate more readily than objects with a lower DEGREE.
guid: cf8e2ad0-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$CorrosionResistance-Coll   corrosion resistance - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$CorrosionResistance is a specific level of resistance to corrosion had by some tangible object. Degrees of #$CorrosionResistance may be represented using #$GenericValueFunctions. Indicate a particular object's #$CorrosionResistance with the predicate #$resistanceToCorrosion.
guid: 830cd068-74ae-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
#$resistanceToCorrosion-Coll   resistance to corrosion - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$resistanceToCorrosion OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has the stated DEGREE of #$CorrosionResistance. The higher DEGREE is, the less readily OBJ will corrode.
guid: c63ea5ae-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$RadiationResistance-Coll   radiation resistance    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$RadiationResistance is a specific capacity of a tangible object to resist radiation. Degrees of #$RadiationResistance may be represented using #$GenericValueFunctions. Indicate a particular object's #$RadiationResistance with the predicate #$resistanceToRadiation.
guid: fc059e42-74ad-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
#$resistanceToRadiation-Coll   resistance to radiation - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$resistanceToRadiation OBJ DEGREE) indicates how resistant a tangible object OBJ is to radiation. A higher DEGREE of resistance means that an object is less penetrable by #$ElectromagneticRadiation.
guid: db2de18c-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$BioDeteriorationResistance-Coll   bio deterioration resistance - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$BioDeteriorationResistance is a specific capacity of a tangible object to resist biological deterioration. Degrees of #$BioDeteriorationResistance may be represented using #$GenericValueFunctions. Indicate a particular object's #$BioDeteriorationResistance with the predicate #$resistanceToBioDeterioration.
guid: 8e463f14-74ae-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
#$resistanceToBioDeterioration-Coll   resistance to bio deterioration - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$resistanceToBioDeterioration OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has the indicated DEGREE of resistance to biological deterioration.
guid: d2f7430a-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$Pressure   pressures (quantities) (structured information sources) (mathematical concepts)    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$Pressure is a specific measure of a force exerted on some surface. Degrees of #$Pressure may be represented using #$GenericValueFunctions or with qualitative collections (e.g., #$BruisingPressure, #$FracturingPressure, #$ImperceptiblePressure). Indicate the #$Pressure of a particular fluid with the predicate #$fluidPressure (q.v.); indicate atmospheric pressure with #$barometricPressure (q.v.).
guid: bd58ed13-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity  
#$fluidPressure   fluid pressure    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$fluidPressure FLUID PRESS) means that the #$FluidTangibleThing FLUID exerts the #$Pressure PRESS at its surface.
guid: bd589144-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleObjectPredicate #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$barometricPressure   barometric pressure    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$barometricPressure GAS PRESS) means that the instance of #$GaseousTangibleThing GAS has the #$Pressure PRESS. Typically, GAS is a piece of atmosphere; #$barometricPressure indicates the atmospheric pressure in and around that `object'.
guid: bd58a16f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleObjectPredicate #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$Speed   speeds (quantities) (structured information sources)    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$Rate. Each instance of #$Speed is a rate of change in position (of an object, wave front, etc.). Instances of #$Speed may be either fixed amounts, such as (#$MilesPerHour 55), or a range, such as #$WalkingSpeed or #$Calm-WindSpeed.
guid: bd5891b3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Rate  
#$speedOfObject-Translation   speed (interval based quantity slot) (quantity slot) (predicate that is functional in its second argument)    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The predicate #$speedOfObject-Translation is used to give the speed with which an object is moving in a particular translational motion. Velocity has a speed and direction. Speed is a scalar quantity, i.e., it has no direction, only magnitude. Thus, `100 miles per hour straight up' is a velocity, and `100 miles per hour' is the corresponding speed.
guid: bd58f397-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$Color-Coll   color - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A subcollection of both #$PhysicalAttribute and #$SensoryAttribute. Each instance of #$Color is a specific color attribute of some object or substance. Instances of #$Color are #$CompositeScalarIntervals, since they can vary along several dimensions (e.g., hue, brightness, chroma). Instances of #$Color include #$RedColor, #$BlackColor, and #$GoldColor-Generic. Indicate a particular object's #$Color with one of the following predicates: #$objectHasColor, #$mainColorOfObject, or #$uniformColorOfObject.
guid: af5f5024-74ad-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$objectHasColor-Old   object has color - old    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$objectHasColor OBJECT COLOR) means that some visible part of OBJECT is colored COLOR. This is the most general of the color predicates; for more specialized predicates see e.g. #$mainColorOfObject and #$uniformColorOfObject. Note that, unlike these latter two predicates, #$objectHasColor is _not_ a specialization of #$hasAttributes. This is because an object's having some part that's a certain color does not entail that the object itself, as a whole, is characterized by that color in the sense of having it as an attribute.
guid: bd58a3e0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate #$BinaryAttributePredicate
#$Transparency-Coll   transparency - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$Transparency is a capacity of some tangible object to transmit light. Instances of #$Transparency include #$Opaque, #$Translucent, and #$Transparent. See also the predicate #$transparencyOfObject, which relates an object to its #$Transparency.
guid: bcbc0f00-74ad-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
#$Opaque-Coll   opaque - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
#$Opaque is a #$PhysicalAttribute representing a specific degree of #$Transparency. #$Opaque objects do not transmit light. See also #$transparencyOfObject.
guid: bd5138d4-74ba-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$SpatialThing-Localized  
direct generalization of: #$Food #$CloudInSky #$BiologicalLivingObject #$Soil-Generic #$ClothingItem #$SomethingToWear #$Paper
#$Translucent   translucence    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
#$Translucent is a #$PhysicalAttribute representing a specific degree of #$Transparency. #$Translucent objects can transmit light, but not enough to see clear images. See also #$transparencyOfObject.
guid: bd589226-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$AttributeValue #$ScalarInterval #$Individual
#$Transparent   colorlessness    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
#$Transparent is a #$PhysicalAttribute representing a specific degree of #$Transparency. #$Transparent objects transmit enough light to see clear images. See also #$transparencyOfObject.
guid: bd58de31-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$AttributeValue #$ScalarInterval #$Individual
#$transparencyOfObject-Coll   transparency of object - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$transparencyOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has an intrinsic #$Transparency to light of the specified DEGREE. Higher values indicate that more light will pass through the substance and with less distortion.
guid: cc4d2f1a-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$Dirtiness   dirtiness    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$ScalarInterval. Each instance of the collection #$Dirtiness is a specific level of dirtiness (or, alternatively, cleanliness). Instances of #$Dirtiness include #$Dirty, #$ReallyDirty, #$ALittleDirty, #$Clean, and #$Sterile. Indicate a particular object's #$Dirtiness with the predicate #$dirtinessOfObject (q.v.).
guid: bd58d42d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$ScalarInterval  
#$dirtinessOfObject   dirtiness of object    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$dirtinessOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has this DEGREE of #$Dirtiness.
guid: bd58e326-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot

States Of Matter


#$MatterTypeByPhysicalState   states of matter
A collection of collections. Each instance of #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState is a collection of instances of #$PartiallyTangible (q.v.) that are in one of the basic physical states of matter. The only four instances of this collection are #$Solid-StateOfMatter, #$Liquid-StateOfMatter, #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter, and #$Plasma-StateOfMatter. Although the chemical composition of a substance does not change when its basic physical state changes, many of its intrinsic physical properties do change -- including its density, viscosity, brittleness, color, and size. States of matter concern the organization of matter at the molecular level, as determined by temperature and pressure. Sufficiently large changes in temperature or pressure will cause matter in one physical state to transform into another (see #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent).
guid: bd589108-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$SecondOrderCollection
direct specialization of: #$FirstOrderCollection  
#$Solid-StateOfMatter   solids    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible and an instance of #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState. Each instance of #$Solid-StateOfMatter is an object of a single chemical species in the solid state of matter. Objects in the solid state of matter are at a sufficiently low enough temperature or high enough pressure for the particular type of matter involved that the molecules of the matter are bonded to each other by various sorts of forces, and don't move away from their neighbors. Solid objects are characterized at the macroscopic level by definite, persistent boundaries, independent of container. Examples of things that typically have this AttributeValue are: a piece of aluminum foil, a lump of coal, a quartz crystal, a gold ingot stored in Fort Knox.
guid: bd58d956-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState
direct specialization of: #$SolidTangibleThing  
direct generalization of: #$Glass
#$Liquid-StateOfMatter   liquid
A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible and an instance of #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState. Each instance of #$Liquid-StateOfMatter is an object of a single chemical species in the liquid state of matter. Objects in the liquid state of matter are at a temperature and pressure such that the molecules of the matter move freely relative to their neighbors, but are not excited enough to break free. Liquid objects are characterized at the macroscopic level by special qualities of flow, such as being pourable and conforming to whatever container they occupy. Instances of #$Liquid-StateOfMatter include a quantity of liquid nitrogen, the water component of a gallon of seawater, a lump of mercury at room temperature, and some molten silver about to be poured into a teapot mold. Counterexamples include a gallon of seawater (since it has dissolved minerals) and 190 proof ethanol (since it is 5% water).
guid: bd590948-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState
direct specialization of: #$LiquidTangibleThing  
#$Gaseous-StateOfMatter   gaseous    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible and an instance of #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState. Each instance of #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter is an object of a single chemical species in the gaseous state of matter. Objects in the gaseous state of matter are at a high enough temperature or low enough pressure for the type of matter involved that the molecules are not bonded even weakly to their neighbors, and readily break free. Gaseous objects are characterized at the macroscopic level by having diffuse boundaries (when outside of containers), no shape independent of a container, and by great expandability and compressibility. Examples of things that typically have this attribute are: the helium in a child's balloon; the oxygen in Earth's atmosphere; the water vapor in Earth's atmosphere.
guid: bd58bd5f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState
direct specialization of: #$GaseousTangibleThing  
#$stateOfMatter   state of matter (spatially intrinsic slot) (tangible object predicate) (physical-feature describing predicate)    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
The predicate #$stateOfMatter is used to indicate the physical state of a tangible thing. (#$stateOfMatter THING STATE) means that the #$PartiallyTangible THING is in the physical state STATE, where STATE is an instance of #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState.
guid: bd58bd1c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate #$BinaryPredicate #$TangibleObjectPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$boilingPoint   boiling point    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$boilingPoint STUFF TEMP) means that TEMP is the temperature at which the substance STUFF changes from having the attribute #$Liquid-StateOfMatter to #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter (when sufficient energy is input to raise STUFF's temperature through that point). Note that the boiling point of most substances is context-dependent; on a mountaintop in Tibet the boiling point of water is much lower than it is in New York City.
guid: bd58b243-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleObjectPredicate #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$freezingPoint   freezing point    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$freezingPoint STUFF TEMP) means that TEMP is the temperature at which the substance STUFF changes from having the attribute #$Liquid-StateOfMatter to #$Solid-StateOfMatter (when sufficient energy is output to lower STUFF's temperature through this point). Note that the freezing point of most substances is context-dependent (e.g., based on altitude and other factors.)
guid: bd58b201-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleObjectPredicate #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$TangibleStuffStateType   tangible stuff state type
A #$SecondOrderCollection and a specialization of #$ExistingStuffType (q.v.). Each instance of #$TangibleStuffStateType is a collection of pieces of tangible stuff that are all in the same distinct physical state, where the notion of physical state is a naive (as in #$NaivePhysicsMt) concept of a distinctive physical structure and/or texture. Some instances of #$TangibleStuffStateType have distinctive chemical compositions, such as #$Diamond; but for collections that are distinguished _solely_ on the basis of chemical composition, see #$TangibleStuffCompositionType. #$TangibleStuffStateType includes both (i) collections of substances that can exist only in one distinct physical state (e.g. #$Diamond again) and (ii) collections of pieces of stuff that by definition are in a certain distinct state (e.g. ice). Instances of #$TangibleStuffStateType include #$Foam, #$Rubble, and (#$LiquidFn #$Water). Note that #$Water per se is _not_ an instance of #$TangibleStuffStateType, since some water is in a gaseous state or a solid state. See also (the somewhat orthogonal) #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute.
guid: be00c400-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$SecondOrderCollection #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$ExistingStuffType  
#$SolidTangibleThing   solid objects
An instance of #$ExistingStuffType, and a specialization of #$PartiallyTangible. Each instance of #$SolidTangibleThing is a piece of stuff possessing many of the properties that matter in a solid state (see the constant #$Solid-StateOfMatter) exhibits (although not all instances of #$SolidTangibleThing are formally in a solid state). Instances have a shape independent from their container, and, when deformed with sufficient force (which may be small for weak, brittle materials or high for materials that deform easily), they break. Examples of #$SolidTangibleThings include: pieces of substances in a solid state of matter, such as ice cubes; solid mixtures like a quarter-dollar coin or a paper bag; and complex mixtures of biological origin that behave like solids, e.g., bone. Note that some pieces of matter that are formally in a solid state (for example, pieces of clay) are not instances of #$SolidTangibleThing, since they do not readily break when deformed; for this reason, #$Solid-StateOfMatter is _not_ a specialization of #$SolidTangibleThing. Collections of the solid form of any type of stuff can be created using #$SolidFn (q.v.).
guid: bd58c494-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleStuffStateType
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
direct generalization of: #$MineralOre #$SomethingToWear #$MetalAlloy #$Fruit #$Cloth #$Animal #$ProtectiveSystem #$Connection-Physical #$Solid-StateOfMatter #$Pump-Generic #$HolderGripper #$HardcopyInformationBearingObject #$PortalCovering #$Conveyance-Stationary #$MountableTransporter #$Conveyance #$Leather #$ChordataPhylum #$SolidTangibleProduct
#$SemiSolidTangibleThing   semisolids
An instance of #$TangibleStuffStateType (q.v.); the collection of tangible things that are tactually intermediate between solids and fluids. When a semisolid object is subjected to a sufficient force, it deforms substantially and does not break or crack. It may return to its original shape, like a sponge, or retain the shape which resulted from the applied force, like soft clay. As with #$SolidTangibleThings, semisolids have shapes independent of their containers (see #$ContainerIndependentShape) and they cannot be poured.
guid: be00cc3a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleStuffStateType
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
direct generalization of: #$Organ
#$LiquidTangibleThing   liquids
An instance of #$TangibleStuffStateType and a specialization of #$FluidTangibleThing; the collection of all portions of liquid. Each instance of #$LiquidTangibleThing is a tangible thing that has similar properties to those exhibited by things in the #$Liquid-StateOfMatter. Specifically, its volume is relatively constant at varying pressures, and it freely changes shape (e.g. to conform to the shape of its container). Liquids can never be said to break. Note that not all #$LiquidTangibleThings are in #$Liquid-StateOfMatter : state-of-matter attributes (see #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState) apply only to quantities consisting of a single type of substance, whereas liquids can be mixtures of different substances. Examples of #$LiquidTangibleThings include all substances in the #$Liquid-StateOfMatter, such as the water in a room-temperature glass of beer; liquid/liquid mixtures like the beer itself; solutions of solids in liquids, such as sea water; emulsions, such as milk; and suspensions of solids in liquids, like blood. Compare #$FluidTangibleThing and #$GaseousTangibleThing.
guid: bd58d2a0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleStuffStateType
direct specialization of: #$FluidTangibleThing  
direct generalization of: #$Oil #$Liquid-StateOfMatter #$Drink
#$GaseousTangibleThing   gaseous objects
A specialization of #$FluidTangibleThing. Each instance of #$GaseousTangibleThing is a partially tangible thing which possesses a number of the salient properties exhibited by substances in a gaseous state (see the constant #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter). To be more specific, each instance of #$GaseousTangibleThing is compressible, and the shape of each instance would completely conform to the boundaries of a vessel containing it. Examples of #$GaseousTangibleThing include pieces of matter in a gaseous state (such as the helium in a child's balloon), mixtures of gases such as #$TheAtmosphereQuaSinglePieceOfStuff, and suspensions of liquids and solids in gas, such as instances of #$Fog or #$Smoke.
guid: bd58c52b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleStuffStateType
direct specialization of: #$FluidTangibleThing  
direct generalization of: #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter #$Air #$Mist
#$FluidTangibleThing   fluid
A subcollection of #$PartiallyTangible and an instance of #$TangibleStuffStateType. Each instance of #$FluidTangibleThing is a tangible thing that can flow. This includes gases, liquids, and granular fluids (i.e. tangible things that are #$Pourable, such as sand); see #$GaseousTangibleThing, #$LiquidTangibleThing, and #$GranularFluid. Instances of #$FluidTangibleThing include the air in Austin, the water in #$LakeErie, a particular chunk of snow, the sand on the beach at Malibu, and the mercury in a thermometer. Non-instances include an air molecule, a snowflake, a grain of sand, a boulder, and a hunk of bread dough.
guid: bd58d1e3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleStuffStateType
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
direct generalization of: #$LiquidTangibleThing #$GranularFluid #$GaseousTangibleThing #$FreeSpaceContent
#$SolidFn   solid fn
An instance of #$CollectionDenotingFunction. When applied to an instance STUFF-TYPE of #$TangibleStuffCompositionType, #$SolidFn returns as its value all of the instances of STUFF-TYPE that are also instances of #$SolidTangibleThing (q.v.). For example, (#$SolidFn #$Water-Fresh) is the collection of all instances of #$Water-Fresh that are also instances of #$SolidTangibleThing; thus, it would include as instances ice cubes, the layer of ice at the top of a frozen-over river, and so on.
guid: c0fcd7d0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnaryIntersectionFunction #$Individual
#$LiquidFn   liquid fn    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A #$CollectionDenotingFunction. #$LiquidFn takes as an argument a collection COL, membership in which is based only on physical and/or chemical composition and not on any other property (see #$TangibleStuffCompositionType). (#$LiquidFn COL) is the collection of elements of COL that are in liquid form (i.e., are instances of #$LiquidTangibleThing), including elements having #$Liquid-StateOfMatter, but also including various mixtures that behave like liquids (see the comment on #$LiquidTangibleThing). For example, a quantity of water as dispensed from a faucet is an instance of (#$LiquidFn #$Water); a glass of apple juice, in its drinkable state, is an instance of (#$LiquidFn #$AppleJuice).
guid: c0fcd7df-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnaryIntersectionFunction #$Individual
#$GaseousFn   gaseous fn    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A #$CollectionDenotingFunction. #$GaseousFn takes as an argument a collection COL, membership in which is based only on physical and/or chemical composition and not on any other property (see #$TangibleStuffCompositionType). (#$GaseousFn COL) is the collection of elements of COL that are in gaseous form (i.e., are instances of #$GaseousTangibleThing) inluding objects having #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter as well as mixtures that behave like gasses. For example, all the water vapor in the atmosphere is an instance of (#$GaseousFn #$Water).
guid: c0fcd7ed-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnaryIntersectionFunction #$Individual

Solubility


#$Solubility-Coll   solubility - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$Solubility describes how readily some tangible substance dissolves in some kind of liquid. Different levels of #$Solubility may be represented with #$GenericValueFunctions or qualitatively (e.g., #$WillDissolve, #$Insoluble).
guid: 86237de2-74ae-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
#$waterSolubility   water solubility    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$waterSolubility OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible OBJ has this DEGREE of #$Solubility in water. A higher value of DEGREE indicates that a substance dissolves more readily and completely than one with a lower solubility.
guid: be00ab6d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot #$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$oilSolubility   oil solubility    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$oilSolubility OBJ DEGREE) means that the particular tangible OBJ has this DEGREE of #$Solubility in #$Oil.
guid: be00abdd-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot #$TangibleObjectPredicate #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
#$solubleIn   substance in which something is soluble    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$solubleIn SOLUTE SOLVENT) means that the piece of #$PartiallyTangible stuff SOLUTE will ordinarily dissolve if placed into the #$LiquidTangibleThing SOLVENT. See also #$Solubility.
guid: bd58c479-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleObjectPredicate #$InterExistingObjectPredicate
direct specialization of: #$temporallyRelated
#$solubilityOfSubstInSubst   solubility of subst in subst    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$solubilityOfSubstInSubst SOLUTE SOLVENT DEGREE) means that the #$PartiallyTangible SOLUTE dissolves in the SOLVENT with this DEGREE of #$Solubility (q.v.).
guid: be00a8fb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$FunctionalPredicate #$TernaryPredicate
#$WaterSolubleStuff   water soluble stuff    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of tangibles. Each element of #$WaterSolubleStuff is a tangible thing that can dissolve in water. For example, instances of the collections #$Soap-Personal, #$LaundryDetergent, #$Sugar-Table.
guid: bd58f037-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleStuffCompositionType
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
#$Absorbency-Coll   absorbency    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of attributes; a subset of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each element of #$Absorbency is an attribute describing how readily some substance absorbs some liquid. Different levels of #$Absorbency may be indicated qualitatively (e.g., #$WillAbsorb), or relatively, using #$GenericValueFunctions. A particular thing's absorbency is indicated with the predicate #$absorbencyOfSubstInSubst.
guid: 7d16399c-74ae-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
#$absorbencyOfSubstInSubst   absorbency of subst in subst    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$absorbencyOfSubstInSubst SUBST ABSORBER-TYPE ATTRIB) indicates that the particular #$TangibleThing SUBST is absorbed by stuff of the #$ExistingStuffType ABSORBER-TYPE with the #$Absorbency ATTRIB.
guid: be00a73d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$FunctionalPredicate #$TernaryPredicate
#$GaseousDensity   gaseous density    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A measurable physical attribute. The element of #$Density that represents the physical attribute typical of gases. Density lower than that of most liquids.
guid: be0107db-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$Density #$Individual

Electrical Conductivity


#$ConductingMedium   conducting media
An instance of #$ExistingStuffType, and a specialization of #$PartiallyTangible. Each instance of #$ConductingMedium is a partially tangible object that can serve as a conductor, e.g., for heat or electricity. Specializations include #$PowerLine, #$Superconductor, and #$ElectricalWire.
guid: bd58887d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
direct generalization of: #$ElectricalConductor
#$ElectricalConductor   electrical conductor
An instance of #$ExistingStuffType, and a specialization of #$ConductingMedium. Each instance of #$ElectricalConductor is a partially tangible thing that can conduct electricity. Instances include power cords, electrical plugs, and pieces of metal.
guid: bd588903-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of: #$ConductingMedium  
direct generalization of: #$Metal
#$SemiconductorStuff   semiconductors
A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible. Each instance of #$SemiconductorStuff can, under varying electrical fields, behave as an electrical insulator at times and an electrical conductor at other times.
guid: be011871-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
#$ElectricalResistance   electrical resistance    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$ElectricalResistance is a measure of the resistance to electrical flow through an object. Instances of #$ElectricalResistance include #$InsulatorResistance, #$ConductorResistance, #$SemiconductorResistance, and #$SuperconductorResistance.
guid: bd589bb2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity  
#$SuperconductorResistance   level of resistance found in superconductors    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
An instance of #$ElectricalResistance. #$SuperconductorResistance is the level of electrical resistance found in objects which have absolutely no resistance to the passage of electricity (i.e., in objects that are instances of #$Superconductor).
guid: be01f327-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ElectricalResistance #$Individual
#$ConductorResistance   level of resistance found in conductors    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
An instance of #$ElectricalResistance. #$ConductorResistance is a very low level of electrical resistance; any object having #$ConductorResistance readily conducts electricity. See also #$resistanceOfObject.
guid: be00f83b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ElectricalResistance #$Individual
#$SemiconductorResistance   level of resistance found in semiconductors    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
An instance of #$ElectricalResistance. #$SemiconductorResistance is the level of resistance found in instances of #$SemiconductorStuff. See also #$resistanceOfObject.
guid: be00f84a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ElectricalResistance #$Individual
#$InsulatorResistance   level of resistance found in insulators
An instance of #$ElectricalResistance. #$InsulatorResistance is a very high level of electrical resistance; objects having #$InsulatorResistance conduct no electricity at all. See also #$resistanceOfObject.
guid: be00f859-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ElectricalResistance #$Individual
#$resistanceOfObject   resistance (tangible object predicate) (interval based quantity slot) (quantity slot)    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$resistanceOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has this DEGREE of #$ElectricalResistance. A lower value of DEGREE indicates OBJ is a better conductor, i.e., one that conducts with less energy lost to heat.
guid: bd5897a4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleObjectPredicate #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot

Thermal Conductivity


#$ThermalConductivity-Coll   heat conduction    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of attributes; a subcollection of #$PhysicalAttribute. Each instance of #$ThermalConductivity represents a specific ability of some physical object to conduct heat. An individual object's #$ThermalConductivity is indicated with the predicate #$thermalConductivityOfObject.
guid: e97e7078-74ad-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
(#$LowAmountFn #$ThermalConductivity)   a low level of thermal conductivity (amount) (physical measurable attribute) (structured information source)
Note On Non-Atomic Terms
direct instance of: #$ScalarInterval
direct specialization of:
(#$MediumAmountFn #$ThermalConductivity)   a medium level of thermal conductivity (amount) (physical measurable attribute) (structured information source)
Note On Non-Atomic Terms
direct instance of: #$ScalarInterval
direct specialization of:
(#$HighAmountFn #$ThermalConductivity)   a high level of thermal conductivity (amount) (physical measurable attribute) (structured information source)
Note On Non-Atomic Terms
direct instance of: #$ScalarInterval
direct specialization of:
#$thermalConductivityOfObject-Coll   thermal conductivity of object - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$thermalConductivityOfObject OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has the #$ThermalConductivity attribute DEGREE. Objects with higher values of DEGREE conduct heat faster and better (i.e., with less heat loss) than those with a lower #$ThermalConductivity.
guid: c7cf1340-7eff-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa

Structural Attributes


#$physicalStructuralAttributes-Coll   physical structural attributes - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$physicalStructuralAttributes OBJ ATT) means that the physical structure of the tangible object OBJ is (at least partially) determined or described by its attribute ATT. See also #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute.
guid: b736c644-7f00-11d6-8000-0001023560cc
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$shapeOfObject   shape (shape-describing predicate) (physical-feature describing predicate) (extensional representation predicate)
This predicate is used to describe the predominant shape of an object. (#$shapeOfObject OBJECT SHAPE) means that the instance of #$SpatialThing OBJECT has the instance of #$ShapeType SHAPE as its predominant shape. For example, (#$shapeOfObject OBJECT #$Square) means that OBJECT has the attribute of being square-shaped.
guid: bf9b755c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ShapeDescribingPredicate #$BinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$isa
#$PhysicalStructuralAttribute-Coll   physical structural attributes    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$AttributeValue. Each instance of #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute is a physical attribute that determines or describes the structure of a tangible object. These attributes are qualitative, not measurable; in that way, they are unlike the instances of #$Density, #$Mass, #$Elasticity, #$ThermalConductivity, and other attributes which are instances of #$ScalarInterval. Examples of #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute : #$Granular, #$Powdery, #$Paste-Form, #$Brittle, #$Collapsible, #$Hollow, #$Woven, #$Burnt. An individual object's #$PhysicalStructuralAttributes are indicated with the predicate #$physicalStructuralAttributes (q.v.). See also #$TangibleStuffStateType.
guid: 4e253238-74b2-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of: #$Collection  
#$Powdery-Coll   powdery - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A physical attribute. #$Powdery is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute which describes a solid that has the form of a powder. #$Powdery stuff is #$Pourable and composed of multiple granules of solids.
guid: fc6d15d0-74bd-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
#$Granular-Coll   granular    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A physical attribute. #$Granular is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute that describes a solid that consists of granules and has a grainy texture; e.g., sand, sugar, salt.
guid: 0e5896ac-74be-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
direct generalization of: #$GranularFluid #$Soil-Generic
#$Misty-PhysicalState-Coll   misty - physical state - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A physical attribute. #$Misty-PhysicalState is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute that characterizes mist; i.e., being a mixture of a gaseous substance with suspended particles of liquid.
guid: 15c6d378-74bd-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
#$LongAndThin-Coll   long and thin    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A physical attribute. #$LongAndThin is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute that characterizes a tangible object which has one dimension whose length exceeds that of each of the other two dimensions by at least a factor of three. E.g., pencils, straws, telephone wire, submarines, skyscrapers. Cf. #$SheetShaped.
guid: 8797c068-74bb-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
direct generalization of: #$Shaft #$EdgeOnObject #$CordlikeObject #$PathArtifact #$Crevice
#$SheetShaped   panels    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
An instance of #$ShapeType. #$SheetShaped refers to an object that is flat and spread out, planar, and neither fully crumpled nor compactly folded. Such an object has two opposing surfaces which have the attribute #$Flat (q.v.). The other surfaces have much smaller area than the two main flat surfaces. Thus, one of the three orthogonal dimensions (length, width or height) of a #$SheetShaped object is much smaller than the other two. Ice over ponds, and sheets of paint on a house are all possible examples of such objects. A bedspread is #$SheetShaped only if it is not folded into a small volume or crumpled. See #$CurrentShapeVsIntrinsicShape. For describing a sheet of something (e.g., waxed paper, aluminum foil, cloth) regardless of its configuration, use #$SheetOfSomeStuff. For 'one-sided' surfaces (see #$SurfaceOnTangibleObject), such as 'TheGreatPlains' #$SheetShaped is not appropriate but #$Flat is appropriate.
guid: bd58c6d6-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ShapeType
direct specialization of: #$SpatialThing  
#$Paste-Form-Coll   pastelike (tangible) (thing with a location) (spatial thing)    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A physical attribute. #$Paste-Form is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute which describes solids that are pastelike in texture and consistency. They are very easily deformed, and they tend to remain in the deformed shape afterwards, provided that they don't collapse under their own weight. Things having #$Paste-Form don't exhibit much elastic deformation at all - they don't ''jiggle''.
guid: d746c0f2-74be-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
#$Rigid-Coll   rigid (tangible thing) (thing with a location) (spatial thing)    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A physical attribute. #$Rigid is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute of solids which are stiff--neither flexible nor foldable nor elastic. Examples of rigid things: bricks, wooden boards, steel. Non-rigid things: sand, rubber, cloth. Borderline: lampshades.
guid: 0e93c854-74bd-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
direct generalization of: #$CeilingOfARoom #$WallOfAConstruction #$FloorInAConstruction #$FurniturePiece #$PlumbingFixture #$HardwareTool #$WindowThePortalCovering #$Shaft
#$Foldable-Coll   foldable - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A physical attribute. #$Foldable is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute of being foldable in a flexible way, like towels or paper. Note a distinction between #$Foldable objects and #$Collapsible objects: #$Collapsible objects are #$Rigid objects collapsed by means of #$HingedJoints, while #$Foldable objects are flexible overall.
guid: 5ed469d2-74bc-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
direct generalization of: #$Cloth #$ClothingItem
#$Bendable-Coll   bendable - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A physical attribute. #$Bendable is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute of an object that tends to stay in the contorted shape when contorted. Note: for something to be bendable, it must be #$Flexible.
guid: dbac7fe6-74ba-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
direct generalization of: #$Leather #$Shoe #$Hat
#$Flexible-Coll   flexible    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A physical attribute. #$Flexible is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute of a tangible object that can be flexed, twisted, contorted. #$Flexible objects which retain their contorted shape are described as #$Bendable (q.v.).
guid: cb70e488-74be-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
direct generalization of: #$ClothingItem #$Leather #$TextileProduct #$CordlikeObject #$Paper #$Sac-Organic
#$Brittle-Coll   brittle - coll    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A physical attribute. #$Brittle is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute of a substance which breaks easily when subjected to a low or moderate impact or application of force, such as most instances of #$Glass.
guid: bed38e2e-74be-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
#$Pourable-Coll   pourable substances    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A physical attribute. #$Pourable is the structural attribute of a tangible thing that is capable of flowing. #$Pourable things don't have intrinsic shape, but instead take the shape of their containers. When acted on by a force, a #$Pourable thing changes shape at a rate proportional to the force. (In addition, #$Pourable things may be easily separated into multiple pieces; however, such a separation is not a breaking or shearing.) Mobs of particles, such as portions of sand or snow, are #$Pourable; but a gelatin-like semisolid is not. See also #$SemiSolidTangibleThing.
guid: 93b64a9a-74bb-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$PartiallyTangible  
direct generalization of: #$GranularFluid
#$derivedFrom   derivative (predicate relating existing things) (asymmetric binary predicate) (antisymmetric binary predicate)    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$derivedFrom PRODUCT MATERIAL) means that PRODUCT has been made from MATERIAL by an irreversible process; e.g., an element of #$Table-PieceOfFurniture may have been #$derivedFrom an instance of #$MapleTree. Note that #$derivedFrom is NOT transitive: A particular Door121 may be derived from OakTree53, SandMob442, and several other things. Subsequently, someone may break down the door and make Mallet0234 out of some of the wood and a WindowPane120825 out of some (or all) of the glass. Both Mallet0234 and WindowPane120825 are #$derivedFrom Door121, but Mallet0234 is not #$derivedFrom SandMob442, nor is WindowPane120825 #$derivedFrom OakTree53.
guid: bd589599-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$InterExistingObjectPredicate
direct specialization of: #$conceptuallyRelated #$endsAfterEndingOf #$startsAfterStartingOf
#$physicalStructuralIntegrity   physical structural integrity    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
(#$physicalStructuralIntegrity SUBST DEGREE) means that the tangible object SUBST has DEGREE ability to maintain its physical structure intact in the face of various forces. DEGREE is an instance of #$GenericQuantity. The #$physicalStructuralIntegrity of an object may be inferred from some of its other physical attributes; e.g., something with the #$physicalStructuralAttributes #$Granular has a #$Low degree of #$physicalStructuralIntegrity; things whose #$stateOfMatter is #$LiquidStateOfMatter have #$VeryLow #$physicalStructuralIntegrity.
guid: bd58ec3b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TangibleObjectPredicate #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$StructuralSupportStuff   structural support material    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$SolidTangibleThing. Each instance of #$StructuralSupportStuff is a hard, rigid substance of a sort that typically provides some kind of structural support. Specializations include #$Wood, #$BoneTheStuff, and #$StoneStuff.
guid: be010813-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of: #$SolidTangibleThing  
direct generalization of: #$Wood #$StoneStuff


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