## Quantity

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Last Update: 12/13/02
Copyright© 1996-2002. All rights reserved. See Terms of Usage.

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### Scalar Intervals

#$ScalarInterval quantities **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$NTupleOfIntervals. Each proper subcollection SCALAR of #$ScalarInterval (with some exceptions, such as #$ScalarPointValue) has the following two properties: 1) the collection of point instances of SCALAR (i.e., those instances of SCALAR that are _not_ proper intervals - see the collection #$ScalarPointValue) is ordered by some `natural' linear ordering (i.e., some `natural' relation that is reflexive, antisymmetric, and transitive on the collection of point instances of SCALAR), 2) SCALAR is closed under addition (#$PlusFn), so that the sum of any two instances of SCALAR will also be an instance of SCALAR. Notable specializations of #$ScalarInterval include #$Time-Quantity, #$Integer, and #$Distance.
> guid: bd5880a7-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ObjectType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$NTupleOfIntervals
> direct generalization of: #$ScalarPointValue #$Dirtiness #$IntervalOnNumberLine #$JustificationStrength #$FeelingAttribute #$NegativeScalarInterval #$PhysicalQuantity #$Interval-UnboundedAbove #$PolitenessOfSpeech #$Interval-BoundedBelow #$Alertness #$Interval-UnboundedBelow #$FormalityOfSpeech #$Interval-BoundedAbove #$NonNegativeScalarInterval #$TemperamentAttribute #$OrderOfMagnitudeInterval #$MonetaryValue #$LevelOfDiscomfort #$CompositeScalarInterval #$NonPositiveScalarInterval

#$ScalarPointValue scalar values

> A specialization of #$ScalarInterval. Each instance of #$ScalarPointValue is a single quantity, as opposed to a range of quantities. Instances of #$ScalarPointValue include all instances of #$RealNumber (q.v.), as well as physical quantities such as (#$Meter 3) and (#$SecondsDuration 10).
> guid: bd58825b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ObjectType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$Interval-Bounded
> direct generalization of: #$Cardinal-Mathematical #$RealNumber

#$NoteAboutScalarIntervalMaxAndMin note about scalar interval max and min **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> If there are two arguments to a #$UnitOfMeasure function, as in (#$Meter 5 6), the first number is interpreted as the (inclusive) minimum, and the second number as the (inclusive) maximum. Thus, (#$Meter 5 6) means `between 5 and 6 meters long, inclusive'. If only one argument follows an instance of #$UnitOfMeasure, as in (#$Meter 3), it is interpreted as a shorthand for (#$Meter 3 3). In other words, (#$Meter 3 3) means `exactly 3 meters'. When a function belonging to #$UnitOfMeasure is applied to a single argument, the value it returns must be an instance of #$ScalarPointValue.
> guid: bd72a273-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$SharedNote #$Individual

#$maxQuantValue max quant value **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> (#$maxQuantValue SCALAR POINT) means that the upper limit of the quantity SCALAR is POINT, an instance of #$ScalarPointValue. SCALAR is an instance of #$ScalarInterval. For example, the #$maxQuantValue for the pay of mail room employees might be (#$DollarsPerHour 6.5); e.g., (#$maxQuantValue `MailPay' (#$DollarsPerHour 6.5)). Another example: (#$maxQuantValue (#$Unity 5 10) 10).
> guid: bd5880b9-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot #$NonPhysicalPartPredicate #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate
> direct specialization of: #$intervalBound

#$minQuantValue min quant value **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> (#$minQuantValue SCALAR POINT) means that the lower limit of SCALAR is POINT, an element of #$ScalarPointValue. SCALAR is an instance of #$ScalarInterval. For example, the #$minQuantValue for the pay of mail room employees might be (#$DollarsPerHour 4.5); e.g., (#$minQuantValue `MailPay' (#$DollarsPerHour 4.5)). Another example: (#$minQuantValue (#$Unity 5 10) 5).
> guid: bd5880ba-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot #$NonPhysicalPartPredicate #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate
> direct specialization of: #$intervalBound

#$MeasurableScalarIntervalType types of measurable scalar interval **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A collection of collections. Each instance of #$MeasurableScalarIntervalType is a collection of #$ScalarIntervals which are quantifiable (i.e., they can be assigned a numeric value). Instances of #$MeasurableScalarIntervalType include #$RateOfRotation, #$ConcentrationPerVolume, and #$Time-Quantity.
> guid: bd58d9b3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$SecondOrderCollection #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$TotallyOrderedScalarIntervalType
> direct generalization of: #$IntegerTypeByRange #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType

#$Time-Quantity times

> A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$Time-Quantity is a physical quantity, corresponding to a certain amount of time , that can be possessed by #$TemporalThings. The #$Time-Quantity had by a given thing represents the total amount of time that the thing exists, occurs over, or endures; see #$duration. Consider a sentence of the form (#$duration TEMPTHING TIMEQUANT). If TEMPTHING is a #$SomethingExisting, the sentence means that TEMPTHING exists for a lifetime that is TIMEQUANT in duration. If TEMPTHING is an #$Event, the sentence means that TEMPTHING (fully) transpires over an interval of time that is TIMEQUANT in duration. If TEMPTHING is itself a #$TimeInterval (q.v.), the sentence means that TEMPTHING has a duration of TIMEQUANT. The standard unit of #$Time-Quantity in Cyc is #$SecondsDuration (q.v.); but there are other ways to specify an amount of time, e.g. with other instances of #$UnitOfMeasure (such as #$WeeksDuration and #$YearsDuration) or with instances of #$Time-Quantity (such as #$LongTime, #$Immediately, and #$AFewDecadesDuration).
> guid: bd5880a5-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$NonNegativeScalarInterval #$PhysicalQuantity

#$Distance distances

> A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$Distance is the length of a path in space extending from one point to another. In some contexts, for example in the argument 2 position of #$altitudeAboveSeaLevel, an instance of #$Distance will include directional information. In these contexts, instances can take on positive or negative values. In other contexts, directional information will not matter, and instances of #$Distance will only take on non-negative values. See the specialization #$Distance-Absolute for measures of distance that necessarily do not include directional information, and thus are always non-negative. An instance of #$Distance may be either a fixed interval, such as the height of the #$WashingtonMonumentInWashingtonDC or the altitude of the #$DeadSea, or a range, such as #$WithinAudibleDistance (see #$ScalarInterval for more explanation). See #$UnitOfDistance for the units used by Cyc to measure distances.
> guid: bd58809a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity
> direct generalization of: #$Distance-Absolute

#$Mass weight

> A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Instances of #$Mass may be either a fixed interval, such as two kilograms, or a range, such as a legal load for a certain type of trailer. The more mass an object has, the greater is the force required to accelerate it.
> guid: bd58dbe6-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity

#$Volume volumes **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$ScalarInterval. Each instance of #$Volume is an amount of three-dimensional space. Instances of #$Volume may be either a fixed interval, such as the volume of a five-gallon aquarium, or a range, such as 'fits in a bread box'.
> guid: bd58eee4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$NonNegativeScalarInterval #$PhysicalQuantity

#$Area area (amount) (structured information source) (mathematical concept) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$ScalarInterval. Each instance of #$Area is an amount of two-dimensional space. Instances of #$Area may be either a fixed interval, such as the area of a rectangle 5 cm x 10 cm, or a range, such as the area of a city lot.
> guid: bd58c301-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$NonNegativeScalarInterval #$PhysicalQuantity

#$Temperature temperatures (quantities) (structured information sources)

> A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$Temperature is an amount of heat in a particular instance of #$PartiallyTangible. An instance of #$Temperature may be either a fixed interval, such as 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit (cf. #$UnitOfTemperature), or a range, such as #$HumanHabitableTemperature or #$TooHotToTouch.
> guid: bd589c7c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity

#$ElectricalCharge electrical charges **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$ElectricalCharge is an amount of net electrical charge (positive or negative) possessed by a particular instance of #$PartiallyTangible. Instances of #$ElectricalCharge may be either a fixed interval, such as the charge on one electron, or a range, such as a usable charge on a flashlight battery; see #$ScalarInterval. Also see #$UnitOfCharge for the units used by Cyc to measure electrical charges.
> guid: bd5905db-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity

#$MonetaryValue monetary values

> A specialization of #$ScalarInterval. Each instance of this collection is a value by means of which payments, wealth, capital, assets, etc., are measured. Each instance of this collection is thus an abstract object, not to be confused with the physical objects used as legal tender. For those, see #$Currency, though it is worth noting that each coin, bill, etc. that is an instance of #$Currency, is typically _stably associated with_ some particular instance of #$MonetaryValue. Nor is #$MonetaryValue to be confused with the many and varied social practices (such as a backed claim for a certain amount of physical wealth payable by the government on demand), which create money qua social institution and underpin all financial transactions. For that, see #$Money-DevisedPractice. Since instances of #$MonetaryValue are not pure numbers but quantities of some particular currency, they are denoted by means of the collection #$UnitOfMoney. Each instance of this collection is a function which (like many Cyc functions which are instances of #$UnitOfMeasure) either takes one argument and returns a fixed amount of money, e.g. (#$Dollar-Australia 4) or takes two arguments and returns a range, e.g. (#$Shilling-Uganda 2 2000). Since currencies may appreciate or depreciate in value over time, and this information is sometimes relevant, it is possible to index instances of #$UnitOfMoney temporally by means of further functions. For example, ((#$USDollarFn 1997) 2) denotes the monetary value of 2 US dollars in the year 1997. See also #$MoneyTransfer, #$monetaryValueOfThing, #$cost, #$basicPrice.
> guid: bd58d4d8-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$ScalarInterval

#$Rate rates

> A specialization of #$PhysicalQuantity. Each instance of #$Rate is an amount of some property (e.g., distance traveled or money spent), taken with respect to some unit of time. Instances of #$Rate include, for example, the instances of #$Speed (e.g., 55 mph), #$Frequency (e.g., 55 kHz), and #$MonetaryFlowRate (e.g., 55 cents per minute). See also #$UnitOfRate, the collection of functions used to measure rates (e.g., #$DollarsPerYear, #$MetersPerSecond).
> guid: bd58ebc2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$PhysicalQuantity
> direct generalization of: #$RateOfRotation #$Acceleration #$Speed #$Power #$Frequency #$ElectricalCurrentLevel #$MoneyRate #$AngularAccelerationRate

#$Frequency frequencies (quantities) (structured information sources)

> A specialization of #$Rate. Each instance of #$Frequency is the number of times something happens during some time interval. Instances of #$Frequency may be either single values (see the collection #$ScalarPointValue), such as 103 kiloHertz, or a range of values, such as #$Rarely. Note that instances of #$Frequency are important in the characterization of types of #$WavePropagation.
> guid: bd58fad4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$Rate

#$Speed speeds (quantities) (structured information sources) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$Rate. Each instance of #$Speed is a rate of change in position (of an object, wave front, etc.). Instances of #$Speed may be either fixed amounts, such as (#$MilesPerHour 55), or a range, such as #$WalkingSpeed or #$Calm-WindSpeed.
> guid: bd5891b3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$Rate

#$Acceleration accelerations **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> Acceleration is the change in speed of an object per unit time. It is a measurable physical quantity, measured in units such as MilesPerHourPerSecond.
> guid: bd58dc89-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$Rate

#$RateOfRotation rates of rotation **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A collection of scalar rates of rotation.
> guid: bd589807-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$Rate

#$AngularAccelerationRate angular acceleration rates

> A specialization of #$Rate. Each instance of #$AngularAccelerationRate is a rate at which the rate of rotation (see the collection #$RateOfRotation) of some object changes.
> guid: bd59080e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$Rate

#$OrderOfMagnitudeInterval magnitudes **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> #$OrderOfMagnitudeInterval, a specialization of #$ScalarInterval, is the collection of intervals which represent significant differences in quantity, for the various types of measurable properties. The most familiar case is for numbers, in which orders of magnitudes typically correspond with powers of 10; thus, in any given numerical quantity, the 100's dominate the 10's or the units, which are negligible with respect to the hundreds. Similar scales could be identified for any measurable property. For example, for #$Time-Quantity, some intervals which represent orders of magnitude are: #$AFewSecondsDuration, #$AFewMinutesDuration, #$AFewHoursDuration, #$AFewDaysDuration, #$AFewWeeksDuration, etc. Note that orders of magnitude for the same measurable property may differ between microtheories; e.g., the orders of magnitude for #$Time-Quantity in a `GeologicalTimeMt' would be much larger than those listed above, which are relevant for human perceptions and activities. Any two attributes which represent amounts of the same kind of property (e.g., time, distance) and which are also instances of #$OrderOfMagnitudeInterval will be assumed to differ so substantially in size that the smaller one (and values associated with it) will be insignificant compared to the larger interval (and values associated with it). That is, in general and as a default, if ORD1 and ORD2 are two different instances of #$OrderOfMagnitudeInterval which are also instances of the same type of #$AttributeValue (e.g., #$Speed, #$Mass, #$Density), then one is negligible with respect to the other. To know which dominates the other, we need additional knowledge about their relative size, e.g., that ORD2 is a #$followingValue of (i.e., 'bigger' than) ORD1. See also #$negligibleWRT, #$followingValue. The predicate #$orderOfMagnitude (q.v.) is used to relate particular quantities to the appropriate instance of #$OrderOfMagnitudeInterval. For example, two days -- in Cyc, (#$DaysDuration 2) -- has the #$orderOfMagnitude #$AFewDaysDuration.
> guid: bd58c38a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ObjectType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$ScalarInterval

#$MutuallyDisjointIntervalCollectionType types of mutually disjoint collection of temporal objects **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A collection of collections. Any element, X, which is an instance of #$MutuallyDisjointIntervalCollectionType is a collection of interval types X1, X2, X3,..., whose instances are temporallyDisjoint ; that is, each instance of X1 has no temporal intersection with any instance of X2 or X3 or...; each instance of X2 has no temporal intersection with any instance of X1 or X3 or...; etc. For example, consider DayOfWeekType, whose instances are Monday, Tuesday,... It is true that (#$isa #$DayOfWeekType #$MutuallyDisjointIntervalCollectionType), because no Monday can temporally intersect any Tuesday or Wednesday or....; no Tuesday can temporally intersect any Monday or Wednesday or...; etc. Other elements of MutuallyDisjointIntervalCollectionType include #$DayOfWeekType, #$CalendarSeasonType, #$HourOfDayType, and so on. See also #$TemporallyDisjointTemporalObjectType.
> guid: be0111d4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ThirdOrderCollection
> direct specialization of: #$SecondOrderCollection
> direct generalization of: #$CyclicalIntervalGroupType

### Units Of Measure

#$UnitOfMeasure units of measure **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> #$UnitOfMeasure is the collection of all functions which return elements of #$ScalarInterval that describe physical quantities such as #$Speed, #$Volume, etc. Those functions are usually grouped into subsets depending on what they measure (e.g., #$UnitOfSpeed,#$UnitOfVolume). Functions which belong to #$UnitOfMeasure are variable-arity relations that take either one or two arguments, both of which must be elements of #$SubLRealNumber. If only one argument is given (e.g. (#$Meter 5)), the expression stands for a precise quantity (here, 5 meters); see also #$ScalarPointValue. If two arguments are given (e.g. (#$Meter 5 10)), the expression stands for a closed interval and the arguments are interpreted as the interval's mininum and maximum, respectively. Following are a few example uses of some elements of #$UnitOfMeasure : `10 years': (#$YearsDuration 10) `2 feet': (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 2) `50 dollars and 2 cents': (#$Dollar-UnitedStates 50.02) `between 1 and 50 pounds per square inch, inclusive': (#$PoundsPerSquareInch 1 50) `dimensionless quantity between 3 and 4.1, inclusive': (#$Unity 3 4.1).
> guid: bd5880aa-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FunctionCategory #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$VariableArityFunction #$UnreifiableFunction #$IndividualDenotingFunction
> direct generalization of: #$UnitOfMoney #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfAcceleration #$UnitOfVolume #$UnitOfPressure #$UnitOfRate #$UnitOfAngularDistance #$UnitOfConcentration #$UnitOfTime #$UnitOfFlowRate #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfAngularSpeed #$UnitOfMonetaryFlowRate #$UnitOfCPUCapacity #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfSpeed #$CGSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfEnergy #$FPSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfDistance #$UnitOfAngularAcceleration #$UnitOfCapacitance #$UnitOfComputerResourceCapacity #$UnitOfCharge #$UnitOfFrequency #$UnitOfVoltage #$UnitOfArea #$UnitOfPower #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix #$UnitOfCurrent #$UnitOfMass #$UnitOfTemperature #$UnitOfBandwidth #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix

#$InterconvertibleUnitType types of interconvertible unit

> A collection of collections and a specialization of #$FunctionCategory. Each instance IUT of #$InterconvertibleUnitType is a collection of #$UnitOfMeasure (q.v.) functions that are interconvertible. That is, each instance of IUT is a function used to measure quantities in units that are convertible into units measured by any of the other functions in IUT. Examples of #$InterconvertibleUnitTypes include #$UnitOfTime, #$UnitOfDistance and #$UnitOfComputerStorageCapacity. Thus, #$UnitOfTime includes the functions #$HoursDuration and #$MinutesDuration, and any duration denoted by applying one of these functions can also be expressed in terms of the other; e.g. (#$HoursDuration 1) equals (#$MinutesDuration 60). Note that not all specializations of #$UnitOfMeasure constitute interconvertible types. For example, #$UnitOfRate has both #$TimesPerDay and #$MilesPerHour as instances; but the quantities returned by either one of these functions are not convertible into quantities returned by the other.
> guid: bd5888e2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType #$SecondOrderCollection
> direct specialization of: #$FunctionCategory
> direct generalization of: #$FundamentalUnitType

#$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix units of measure without a prefix **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> Please see the #$SharedNote #$NoteForUnitOfMeasureWithPrefixAndNoPrefix.
> guid: bd5883ec-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ConventionalClassificationType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix unit of measure with prefix **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> Please see the #$SharedNote #$NoteForUnitOfMeasureWithPrefixAndNoPrefix.
> guid: bd58f899-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ConventionalClassificationType #$FunctionCategory
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$NoteForUnitOfMeasureWithPrefixAndNoPrefix note for unit of measure with prefix and no prefix **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> Elements of #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix denote units of measure that don't have a multiplicative prefix (e.g. `kilo', `micro', `billion'). #$Inch and #$MetersPerSecond are such elements. On the other hand, elements of #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix do have multiplicative prefixes; examples include #$CentimetersPerSecond, (#$Micro #$Gram), #$KiloWatt, and #$GramsPerMilliliter. We need these constants in order to prevent references to terms such as ((#$Micro (#$Micro #$Gram) 5) or ((#$Kilo (#$CentimetersPerSecond) 3.2). If we didn't have these restrictions, equal quantities would allow for an undesirable level of possible names for a quantity, e.g. ((#$Micro (#$Kilo #$Gram) 1) would refer to the same quantity as ((#$Kilo (#$Micro #$Gram) 1) would refer to the same quantity as (#$Gram .001), etc.
> guid: c03dd762-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$SharedNote #$Individual

#$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType types of fundamental numeric scalar interval

> A collection of collections. Each instance of #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType is a collection of measurable #$ScalarIntervals that are `fundamental' when contrasted with other types of #$ScalarIntervals which are derived from them. Instances of #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType include #$Mass, #$Distance, #$Temperature, and #$ElectricalCharge. Cf. #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType.
> guid: bd59059d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType #$SecondOrderCollection
> direct specialization of: #$PrimitiveScalarIntervalType #$MeasurableScalarIntervalType

#$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType types of derived numeric scalar interval

> A collection of collections. Each instance of #$DerivedNumericScalarIntervalType is a collection of numerically measurable #$ScalarIntervals whose units are complex (that is, whose units are derived from some more basic units of measure). Instances include #$Volume, #$Area, and #$Acceleration. See also the related collection #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType.
> guid: bd58dae0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType #$SecondOrderCollection #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$MeasurableScalarIntervalType
> direct generalization of: #$MaterialStrengthType

#$StandardUnitOfMeasure standard units of measure

> A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure. Each instance of #$StandardUnitOfMeasure is a unit of measure considered to be the #$standardUnit (q.v.) for the quantifiable property it measures. Instances of #$StandardUnitOfMeasure include #$Liter, #$Meter, #$Kilogram, and #$Volt.
> guid: bd58fe4f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FunctionCategory
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$FPSUnitOfMeasure foot-pound-second units of measure **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A subcollection of #$UnitOfMeasure. #$FPSUnitOfMeasure is the collection of all the measurement functions whose results use the FPS (i.e., foot-pound-second) system of measure to describe physical quantities. Examples: #$Gallon-US, #$SquareMile, #$CubicFtPerSec.
> guid: bd5904b6-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeBySystem
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$CGSUnitOfMeasure centimeter-gram-second units of measure

> A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure. Each instance of #$CGSUnitOfMeasure is either one of three basic units of measure - (#$Centi #$Meter), #$Gram, and #$SecondsDuration - or is derived from one or more of these basic units of measure. For example, #$CubicCentimeter, #$Dyne, and #$Barye-UnitOfPressure are all instances of #$CGSUnitOfMeasure, since they are units of measure derived from (one or more of) (#$Centi #$Meter), #$Gram, and #$SecondsDuration.
> guid: bd589a3d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeBySystem
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$MKSUnitOfMeasure meter-kilogram-second units of measure **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A subcollection of #$UnitOfMeasure. #$MKSUnitOfMeasure is the collection of all the measurement functions whose results use the MKS (i.e., meter-kilogram-second) system of measure to describe physical quantities. Examples: #$MetersPerSecondPerSecond, #$Liter, #$MetricTon.
> guid: bd5901ca-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeBySystem
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure dimensionless units of measure **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A subcollection of #$UnitOfMeasure. #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure is the collection of measurement functions whose results are instances of #$ScalarInterval which have no dimension; i.e., they are simply numbers, instances of #$IntervalOnNumberLine. Examples include #$Percent, #$Unity, #$Per1000. (#$Percent 50) returns the point-interval, one-half (0.5). (#$Unity 3 4) returns the interval that is the range of numbers between 3 and 4, inclusive.
> guid: bd58842e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FundamentalUnitType #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$Unity unity **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> #$Unity is the standard unit of measure for dimensionless quantities. Like other instances of #$UnitOfMeasure, #$Unity is a variable-arity function whose (one or two) arguments are instances of #$SubLRealNumber. Unlike most other instances of #$UnitOfMeasure, #$Unity returns a dimensionless quantity, simply a real number without physical dimensions attached. Thus, the value of (#$Unity .10) is equal to the point scalar 0.10, which is also the same quantity as (#$Percent 10). Both (#$Unity .10) and 0.10 are legitimate instances of #$RealNumber; however, only 0.10 is a legitimate instance of #$SubLRealNumber (q.v.). #$Unity can be used to return a dimensionless real-number interval as well as a point value; e.g., (#$Unity 3 4) returns the interval that is the range of numbers between 3 and 4, inclusive.
> guid: bd588471-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$Percent percent

> An instance of #$EvaluatableFunction. When applied to a number or a pair of numbers, #$Percent returns an instance of #$IntervalOnNumberLine. For example (#$Percent 110) returns 110% or 1.1.
> guid: bd5892ab-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$EvaluatableFunction #$Individual

#$UnitOfTime unit of times **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of functions which return elements of #$Time-Quantity; e.g., (#$YearsDuration 100) returns a time period equal to a century.
> guid: bd58f9c5-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$FundamentalUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnitOfFrequency units of frequency

> A specialization of #$UnitOfRate, and the collection of functions used to express how often something occurs during an interval of time. Each instance of #$UnitOfFrequency is a function which returns an instance of #$Frequency when applied to a real number. For example, (#$MegaHertz 89.5) returns a frequency of 89.5 MHz.
> guid: bd58ac89-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfRate

#$UnitOfRate units of rate

> A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure. Each instance of #$UnitOfRate is a function which returns an instance of #$Rate when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber) or a sequence of two real numbers. This collection includes any instance of #$UnitOfMeasure whose #$unitOfMeasureExpansions list includes the factor (-1 #$UnitOfTime). Notable specializations include #$UnitOfSpeed, #$UnitOfFrequency, and #$UnitOfPower.
> guid: bd5890ac-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure
> direct generalization of: #$UnitOfFrequency #$UnitOfAngularAcceleration #$UnitOfAcceleration #$UnitOfPower #$UnitOfAngularSpeed #$UnitOfMonetaryFlowRate #$UnitOfFlowRate #$UnitOfCPUCapacity #$UnitOfSpeed #$UnitOfCurrent

#$UnitOfDistance units of distance

> A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure. Each instance of #$UnitOfDistance is a function which, when applied to a number or pair of numbers, returns an instance of #$Distance as its value. Instances of #$UnitOfDistance include #$Inch and #$Meter.
> guid: bd588ab7-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$FundamentalUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnitOfArea units of area

> A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure. Each instance of #$UnitOfArea is a function which returns an instance of #$Area (q.v.) when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber) or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance, (#$SquareMeter 9) is an area of 9 square meters. Instances of #$UnitOfArea include #$SquareMile, #$SquareMeter, and #$SquareInch.
> guid: bd58c2c7-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnitOfVolume units of volume **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of functions which return elements of #$Volume. E.g., (#$Liter 5) denotes 5 liters.
> guid: bd58fd9f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnitOfSpeed units of speed

> A specialization of #$UnitOfRate. Each instance of #$UnitOfSpeed is a function which returns an instance of #$Speed (q.v.) when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber) or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance, (#$MilesPerHour 212) is a speed of 212 miles per hour. Instances of #$UnitOfSpeed include #$MilesPerHour, #$MetersPerSecond, and #$Mach-UnitOfSpeed.
> guid: bddfadc2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfRate

#$UnitOfAcceleration units of acceleration

> A specialization of #$UnitOfRate. Each instance of #$UnitOfAcceleration is a function which returns an instance of #$Acceleration (q.v.) when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber) or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance, (#$MetersPerSecondPerSecond 32) is an acceleration of 32 meters per second per second.
> guid: bd58eadf-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfRate

#$UnitOfMass units of mass **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of functions which return elements of #$Mass. E.g. (#$Kilogram 5) denotes 5 kilograms.
> guid: bd588a72-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$FundamentalUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnitOfEnergy units of energy **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of functions which return elements of #$EnergyAsAQuantity. E.g., (#$Joule 5) denotes 5 joules.
> guid: bd58dd71-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnitOfPower units of power **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of functions which return elements of #$Power. E.g., (#$Watt 5) denotes 5 watts.
> guid: bd58ea5a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfRate

#$UnitOfAngularDistance units of angular distance **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of functions which return elements of #$AngularDistance. E.g., (#$Radian 5) denotes 5 radians.
> guid: bd58ab94-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$FundamentalUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnitOfAngularSpeed units of angular speed **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of functions which return elements of #$RateOfRotation. E.g., (#$RadiansPerSecond 5) denotes a change of 5 radians in angular distance per second.
> guid: bd58accb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfRate

#$UnitOfAngularAcceleration units of angular acceleration **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of functions which return elements of #$AngularAccelerationRate (i.e., the rate of change in the #$RateOfRotation).
> guid: bd58eb20-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfRate

#$UnitOfTemperature units of temperature **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of functions which return elements of #$Temperature. E.g., (#$DegreeFahrenheit 451) denotes a #$Temperature of 451 F.
> guid: bd58b17f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FundamentalUnitType #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnitOfCharge units of charge **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of functions which return elements of #$ElectricalCharge. E.g., (#$Coulomb 3) denotes an electrical charge of 3 coulombs.
> guid: bd588a31-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FundamentalUnitType #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnitOfVoltage units of voltage

> A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure. Each instance of #$UnitOfVoltage is a function which returns an instance of #$Voltage (q.v.) when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber) or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance, (#$Volt 500) is a voltage of 500 volts.
> guid: bd58ea9c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnitOfCapacitance units of capacitance

> A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure. Each instance of #$UnitOfCapacitance is a function which returns an instance of #$ElectricalCapacitance (q.v.) when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber) or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance, (#$Farad 20) is a capacitance of 20 farads.
> guid: bd5888a4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnitOfCurrent units of current **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of functions which return elements of #$ElectricalCurrentLevel. E.g., (#$Ampere 2) denotes an instance of #$ElectricalCurrentLevel that would measure two amps.
> guid: bd58a8db-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfRate

#$UnitOfMoney units of money

> A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure. Each instance of #$UnitOfMoney is a function which returns an instance of #$MonetaryValue (q.v.) when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber) or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance, (#$Cent-UnitedStates 2) is 2 U.S. cents. Instances of #$UnitOfMoney include #$Dollar-UnitedStates, #$Peso-Mexico, and #$Yen-Japan.
> guid: bd5883c5-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FundamentalUnitType #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnitOfMonetaryFlowRate units of monetary flow rate **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of functions which return elements of #$MonetaryFlowRate (i.e. transfer of money per unit of time). E.g., (#$DollarsPerHour 10) denotes a #$MonetaryFlowRate of $10 per hour.
> guid: bd589991-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfRate

#$UnitOfConcentration units of concentration

> A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure. Each instance of #$UnitOfConcentration is a function which returns an instance of #$ConcentrationStrength-Generic (q.v.) when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber) or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance, (#$GramsPerMilliliter 1) is a concentration of 1 gram per milliliter. Instances of #$UnitOfConcentration include #$GramsPerMilliliter, #$MilligramsPerMilliliter, and #$MicrogramsPerMilliliter.
> guid: bd6754a3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnitOfFlowRate units of flow rate **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of functions which return elements of #$FlowRate (i.e.,volume of stuff passing a point per unit of time). E.g., (#$CubicMeterPerSec 2000) denotes a #$FlowRate of 2000 cubic meters per second.
> guid: bd5899d1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfRate

#$UnitOfPressure units of pressure

> A specialization of #$UnitOfMeasure. Each instance of #$UnitOfPressure is a function which returns an instance of #$Pressure (q.v.) when applied to a real number (see the collection #$SubLRealNumber) or a sequence of two real numbers. For instance, (#$PoundsPerSquareInch 500) is a pressure of 500 pounds per square inch. Instances of #$UnitOfPressure include #$Bar-UnitOfPressure, #$Pascal-UnitOfPressure, and #$PoundsPerSquareInch.
> guid: bd58c776-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureTypeByTypeMeasured #$InterconvertibleUnitType
> direct specialization of: #$UnitOfMeasure

#$UnorderedAttributeType unordered attribute type **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A collection of collections and a specialization of #$AttributeType. Each instance ATTTYPE of #$UnorderedAttributeType is a collection of attributes having the following property: for any two instances ATT1 and ATT2 of ATTTYPE, neither (#$followingValue ATT1 ATT2) nor (#$followingValue ATT2 ATT1) holds. In other words, any two instances of ATTTYPE are incommensurable with each other. Instances of #$UnorderedAttributeType include #$GenderOfLivingThing and #$HumanSkinColor.
> guid: bd58d593-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$SiblingDisjointCollectionType #$SecondOrderCollection #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$ObjectType

#$VectorInterval relative location **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$NTupleOfIntervals. Each instance of #$VectorInterval is an n-tuple of intervals (where n > 1), one of which is a direction. Like the instances of #$ScalarInterval, the intervals in an instance of #$VectorInterval may be point-valued or cover a range of values. The minimal interval (i.e., point-valued) type of vector interval is exemplified by a vector such as `10 meters due east'. Vectors may also cover a range of values; e.g., `at least 10 feet away and in a horizontal direction'; `between ten to twelve miles NNW'.
> guid: bd58ec12-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$NTupleOfIntervals
> direct generalization of: #$UnitVectorInterval #$Vector-Precise

#$standardUnit standard unit **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The Cyc predicate #$standardUnit is used to indicate the standard unit for some type of measurement. (#$standardUnit TYPE UNIT) means that UNIT is the standard measure for the kind of measurements in TYPE. Examples: (#$standardUnit #$UnitOfDistance #$Meter); (#$standardUnit #$UnitOfAngularAcceleration #$RadiansPerSecondPerSecond); (#$standardUnit #$DimensionlessUnitOfMeasure #$Unity).
> guid: bd588af8-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot #$IntangibleObjectPredicate

#$followingValue following value

> The Cyc predicate #$followingValue is used to represent an ordering of generic attributes. (#$followingValue VAL1 VAL2) means that VAL2 is a greater value than VAL1 on a scale that they share. (#$followingValue VAL1 VAL2) implies (#$greaterThan VAL2 VAL1). Typically, one uses #$followingValue when the values VAL1 and VAL2 are elements of #$GenericQuantity, and they are not grounded in numerically quantifiable units of measure (see #$NoteAboutGivingGenericValueFunctionsNumericValues). If VAL1 and VAL2 do have numerical grounding, a #$followingValue formula is unnecessary since #$numericallyEqual, #$greaterThanOrEqualTo, and #$greaterThan, are automatically computable using arithmetic relations holding between the minimum and maximum of val1 and val2. (See #$minQuantValue, #$maxQuantValue.) For example, one must use #$followingValue to state that (#$HighAmountFn #$Glamor) is more glamorous than (#$LowAmountFn #$Glamor). On the other hand, it is unnecessary to assert a #$followingValue relation between (#$MilesPerHour 5) and (#$MilesPerHour 25 60) since #$greaterThan is arithmetically determinable. See also #$GenericQuantity, #$GenericValueFunction.
> guid: bd5892af-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ObjectPredicate #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate
> direct specialization of: #$lessThan #$colinearValues

### Quantity Slots And Measurement

#$QuantitySlot quantity slots

> A specialization of #$BinaryPredicate. Each instance of #$QuantitySlot is a binary predicate that relates a thing to some quantity. In many, but not all, cases, the quantity in question will be a measure of some dimension --- e.g., mass, volume, or area --- of the thing to which it is related by the #$QuantitySlot. The second argument place of each #$QuantitySlot is constrained to instances of #$NumericValue. Instances of #$QuantitySlot include #$moneyTransferred, #$freezingPoint, #$massOfObject, and #$areaOfObject.
> guid: bd58cd5b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$BinaryAttributePredicate
> direct generalization of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot

#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot interval based quantity slots

> A specialization of #$QuantitySlot. Each instance of #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot is a binary predicate used to relate an object to a measurable quantity (that is, an instance of #$ScalarInterval). The second argument to an instance of #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot must be an instance of #$ScalarInterval; consequently, the #$arg2Isa for each instance of #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot must be a specialization of #$ScalarInterval. Each instance of #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot has an #$arg2Format of #$IntervalEntry (q.v.); consequently, for each #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot PRED, there can be multiple assertions of the form (PRED OBJ QUANT-1), (PRED OBJ QUANT-2), ..., (PRED OBJ QUANT-n), as long as the #$ScalarIntervals QUANT-1, QUANT-2, ..., QUANT-n overlap (see the predicate #$overlapsIntervals). For example, one could assert both (#$heightOfObject OBJ (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 3 4)) and (#$heightOfObject OBJ (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 2 6)), since the two intervals in question overlap. However, one could not assert both (#$heightOfObject OBJ (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 3 4)) and (#$heightOfObject OBJ (#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 6)) in the same context, since these two intervals do not overlap.
> guid: bd588162-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$QuantitySlot #$FunctionalSlot
> direct generalization of: #$PhysicalAmountSlot

#$derivedFromUnit derived from unit **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> (#$derivedFromUnit UNIT1 UNIT2) means that UNIT1 is a multiple of UNIT2. In general, UNIT2 is a more basic unit than UNIT1. Examples: (#$derivedFromUnit (#$Milli #$Meter) #$Meter); (#$derivedFromUnit (#$Micro #$Gram) #$Gram); (#$derivedFromUnit #$MilliSecondsDuration #$SecondsDuration). See also #$UnitOfMeasure.
> guid: bd58fa6d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$StrictlyFunctionalSlot #$IntangibleObjectPredicate

#$obtainedFromUnits obtained from units **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> (#$obtainedFromUnits UNIT1 UNIT2) means that UNIT2 is a more fundamental unit than UNIT1, and UNIT2 is among the component units into which UNIT1 can be analyzed. For example, for #$MilesPerHour, one could assert both (#$obtainedFromUnits #$MilesPerHour #$HoursDuration) and (#$obtainedFromUnits #$MilesPerHour #$Mile). See also #$unitExpansions, #$UnitOfMeasure.
> guid: bd589131-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$IntangibleObjectPredicate #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate

#$unitExpansions unit expansions **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The predicate #$unitExpansions is used to express the relationship between a derived unit of measurement and the units from which it is derived, e.g., miles per second from miles and seconds. (#$unitExpansions UNIT FACTOR-LIST) means that UNIT is derived from the factors on the list UNIT-FACTOR, where UNIT-FACTOR is an instance of #$SubLList. There are two kinds of items in the UNIT-FACTOR list: (1) all items except the last are themselves lists that consist of an instance of #$UnitOfMeasure followed by an exponent for that unit; (2) the last item is the constant multiplier. Some examples: (#$unitExpansions #$MilesPerHour (((#$Mile 1)(#$HoursDuration -1)) 1), (#$unitExpansions #$SpeedOfLight (((#$Mile 1)(#$SecondsDuration -1)) 186000)), (#$unitExpansions #$MetersPerSecondPerSecond (((#$Meter 1)(#$SecondsDuration -2)) 1). The first of these examples is included only because it makes a clear example; the definition of #$MilesPerHour in terms of #$Mile and #$HoursDuration should actually be done with the simpler #$multiplicationUnits (q.v.). In general, any relationship among units that can be expressed with #$multiplicationUnits should be, and #$unitExpansions should be reserved for those relationships that can't be expressed with the simpler vocabulary.
> guid: bd5899fb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate #$BinaryPredicate

#$unitMultiplicationFactor unit multiplication factor **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> (#$unitMultiplicationFactor SMALL-UNITS BIG-UNITS NUM) means that there are NUM SMALL-UNITS in every BIG-UNITS. In other words, to convert from a measure in BIG-UNITS to a measure in SMALL-UNITS multiply by NUM. For example, (#$unitMultiplicationFactor #$Inch #$Foot-UnitOfMeasure 12) means that one multiplies feet by twelve when converting from feet to inches. NUM must be greater than or equal to 1. SMALL-UNITS and BIG-UNITS must be elements of the same #$InterconvertibleUnitType. See also #$QuantityConversionFn.
> guid: bd5900c1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FunctionalPredicate #$TernaryPredicate

#$multiplicationUnits multiplication units

> (#$multiplicationUnits UNIT-1 UNIT-2 PROD) means that the value of (#$TimesFn (UNIT-1 NUM-1) (UNIT-2 NUM-2)) (where each of NUM-1 and NUM-2 is either a real number or a sequence of two real numbers) is (PROD NUM-3), where NUM-3 is the product of NUM-1 and NUM-2. For example, (#$multiplicationUnits #$Mile #$Mile #$SquareMile). See also #$UnitOfMeasure, #$TimesFn.
> guid: c10c4394-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$StrictlyFunctionalPredicate #$IntangibleObjectPredicate #$TernaryPredicate #$BookkeepingPredicate

#$comparableFluents comparable fluents **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> (#$comparableFluents OBJ F(X) G(X)) states that the order of magnitude of F(OBJ) is also the order of magnitude of G(OBJ). Another way of thinking of it is that F(OBJ) and G(OBJ) are of comparable orders of magnitude, and neither one is negligible with respect to the other.
> guid: bd58b951-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$TernaryPredicate

#$volumeContained volume contained

> A predicate used to indicate the total volume enclosed by a given container. (#$volumeContained CONT VOL) means that the total available volume of the #$PartiallyTangible CONT is VOL.
> guid: bd5897f0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot

#$forceActingOnObject force acting on object **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> #$forceActingOnObject is a predicate relating an instance of #$PartiallyTangible to any force which changes its direction of travel or the speed at which it is traveling.
> guid: bd58b8b2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$TangibleObjectPredicate #$BinaryPredicate

#$forceCapacity force capacity **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The slot describing the capability of an animal to exert force.
> guid: bd58bf41-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
> direct specialization of: #$hasAttributes

#$totalDisplacement total displacement **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The accumulated total displacement along the trajectory at any point in time during the duration of the moving process
> guid: bd58d7ad-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot

#$rateOfRotationOfObject rate of rotation of object **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> #$rateOfRotationOfObject relates an instance of #$PartiallyTangible to the rate of change of its physical component's angular separation from a reference vector as measured from a point of origin.
> guid: bd590482-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot

#$angularAcceleration angular acceleration **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The rate at which the angle to an object is accelerating
> guid: bd58c0b4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot

#$areaOfObject surface area (measure) (physical attribute describing predicate) (physical-feature describing predicate)

> A #$PhysicalAmountSlot that is a specialization of #$sizeParameterOfObject (q.v.), this predicate relates a spatial thing to its two-dimensional size or #$Area (q.v.). (#$areaOfObject OBJ AREA) means that the two-dimensional size of OBJ is AREA. OBJ might be, for example, a desk top, a geographical region, or a cross-section of wire. Of course not every spatial thing has an area. #$TwoDimensionalGeometricThings (q.v.) like discs, interiors of squares, and cross sections have areas; and so do three-dimensional things that have only two salient dimensions in most contexts, such as floors, tennis courts, and geograhical regions. For the representing the areas of the latter sort of thing, consider using the more specialized predicate #$areaOfRegion.
> guid: bd589f18-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$PhysicalAmountSlot
> direct specialization of: #$sizeParameterOfObject

#$radius radius (physical attribute describing predicate) (physical-feature describing predicate) (interval based quantity slot) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The radius of an object with a circular shape.
> guid: bd58bac9-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
> direct specialization of: #$sizeParameterOfObject

#$circumferenceOfObject circumference (physical attribute describing predicate) (physical-feature describing predicate) (interval based quantity slot) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The distance around a circular object
> guid: bd58a060-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
> direct specialization of: #$sizeParameterOfObject

#$cost cost **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> (#$cost OBJECT MONEY) means that the #$TemporalThing OBJECT has a cost in #$MonetaryValue of MONEY. Note that this amount can be a discrete quantity or an interval. This concept is subtly different from (and considerably more complex than) that of #$basicPrice, which denotes the amount of money requested for an item which is for sale. For instance, the price of an airconditioning unit might be $200 while its #$cost (over a lifetime of repairs, and to the environment, if it is environmentally destructive) might be considerably higher. See also the ternary predicate #$costTo.
> guid: bd58d495-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot

#$MeasuringSomething measuring events

> A specialization of #$PurposefulPhysicalAction. Each instance of #$MeasuringSomething is an event in which an agent uses a physical device to measure some physical attribute of a tangible object. The last part of such an event involves the perception (and perhaps recording) of a result of the measurement (see the predicate #$measurementResult) by some instance of #$PerceptualAgent. See also the function #$MeasurementFn.
> guid: bd588524-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$Evaluating #$UsingADevice

#$measurementResult measurement result **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The Cyc predicate #$measurementResult is used to relate a measuring event to the value that it results in. (#$measurementResult MEAS ATT) means that the measuring activity MEAS yielded a result of ATT, which is a physical quantity. For example, if the #$measurementResult of weighing a particular domestic letter is (#$Ounce 2.5), I put 55 cents U.S. postage on it. See also #$MeasurementFn, #$ScalarInterval.
> guid: bd5907ee-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate

### Comparisons

#$NumericComparisonPredicate numeric comparison predicates

> A specialization of #$ComparisonPredicate. The collection of binary predicates used to compare instances of #$ScalarInterval (q.v.) with respect to their numeric or quantitative properties. Instances include #$greaterThan, #$greaterThanOrEqualTo, and #$numericallyEquals. These are effectively the mathematical relations of greater-than et al., generalized to hold between scalars of all sorts, including quantitative intervals as well as point values (see #$ScalarPointValue). Generally speaking, a given numeric comparison predicate holds between two scalars only if they are both instances of the same #$TotallyOrderedScalarIntervalType (q.v.). See also #$valuesShareScale and #$colinearValues.
> guid: bd588cf9-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
> direct specialization of: #$ComparisonPredicate #$IntangibleObjectPredicate #$BinaryPredicate

#$greaterThan greater than

> A #$NumericComparisonPredicate that is a generalization of the mathematical greater-than ( > ) relation to #$ScalarIntervals (q.v.) of all sorts, including quantitative intervals as well as point values (see #$ScalarPointValue). (#$greaterThan VALUE1 VALUE2) means that VALUE1 is greater than VALUE2 with respect to some scale that they are both on. More precisely, there is some #$TotallyOrderedScalarIntervalType SCALE that both VALUE1 and VALUE2 are instances of and either (i) SCALE is a specialization of #$NumericValue (e.g. #$RealNumber) and the minimum (see #$minQuantValue) of VALUE1 is greater than the maximum (see #$maxQuantValue) of VALUE2 or (ii) (#$followingValueOnScale VALUE2 VALUE1 SCALE) holds.
> guid: bd5880b2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$EvaluatablePredicate #$NumericComparisonPredicate #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate
> direct specialization of: #$greaterThanOrEqualTo

#$greaterThanOrEqualTo greater than or equal to

> A #$NumericComparisonPredicate that is a generalization of the mathematical greater-than-or equal-to ( >= ) relation to #$ScalarIntervals (q.v.) of all sorts, including quantitative intervals as well as point values (see #$ScalarPointValue). (#$greaterThanOrEqualTo VALUE1 VALUE2) means that VALUE1 is greater than or equal to VALUE2 with respect to some scale that they are both on. More precisely, there is some #$TotallyOrderedScalarIntervalType SCALE that both VALUE1 and VALUE2 are instances of and either (i) SCALE is a specialization of #$NumericValue (e.g. #$RealNumber) and the minimum (see #$minQuantValue) of VALUE1 is greater than or equal to the maximum (see #$maxQuantValue) of VALUE2, (ii) (#$followingValueOnScale VALUE2 VALUE1 SCALE) holds, or (iii) (#$equals VALUE1 VALUE2) holds. See also #$lessThanOrEqualTo.
> guid: bd5880af-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$AntiSymmetricBinaryPredicate #$EvaluatablePredicate #$NumericComparisonPredicate #$ReflexiveBinaryPredicate #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate

#$numericallyEquals numerically equals **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A #$NumericComparisonPredicate that is a generalization of the mathematical equals ( = ) relation to #$ScalarIntervals (q.v.) of all sorts, including quantitative intervals as well as point values (see #$ScalarPointValue). (#$numericallyEquals VALUE1 VALUE2) means that VALUE1 is equal to VALUE2 with respect to some scale that they are both on. More precisely, there is some #$TotallyOrderedScalarIntervalType SCALE that VALUE1 and VALUE2 are instances of and the minimum (see #$minQuantValue) of VALUE1 is equal to the minimum of VALUE2 and the maximum (see #$maxQuantValue) of VALUE1 is equal to the maximum of VALUE2. Note that #$numericallyEquals is _not_ a specialization of #$equals (q.v.), as numeric values of different sorts can be numerically equivalent without being considered identical (e.g. the #$Integer 1 and the #$RealNumber 1.0).
> guid: bd589d90-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$NumericComparisonPredicate #$EvaluatablePredicate #$EquivalenceRelation
> direct specialization of: #$lessThanOrEqualTo #$greaterThanOrEqualTo #$quantitySubsumes

#$Liter liter **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The measurement function used in Cyc to represent the standard unit of capacity in the Metric system (and also in Cyc). See also #$UnitOfVolume, #$MKSUnitOfMeasure, #$UnitOfMeasure.
> guid: bd58f44a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfVolume #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$Kilometer kilometer **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The measurement function used in Cyc to represent the 1000-meter unit used within the Metric system to measure distance. Modern countries using the metric system measure their roads - and their road races - in kilometers. See also #$MKSUnitOfMeasure, #$UnitOfMeasure.
> guid: bd58c161-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix #$UnitOfDistance #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$Individual

#$Meter meter

> An instance of #$UnitOfDistance. When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$Meter returns an instance of #$Distance as its value. For example, (#$Meter 5) is a distance of five meters.
> guid: bd58d1a7-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfDistance #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$TotalDenotationalFunction #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$CubicCentimeter cubic centimeter

> An instance of #$UnitOfVolume. When applied to a number or a pair of numbers, #$CubicCentimeter returns an instance of #$Volume. For example, (#$CubicCentimeter 10) is a volume of ten cubic centimeters.
> guid: bd58a11c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$CGSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfVolume #$Individual

#$Kilogram kilogram

> An instance of #$UnitOfMass. When applied to a number or a pair of numbers, #$Kilogram returns an instance of #$Mass as its value. For example, (#$Kilogram 6.5) is a mass of 6.5 kilograms.
> guid: bd58b9b0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMass #$Individual

#$Gram gram **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The measurement function used in Cyc to represent the gram used within the Metric system to measure mass. See also #$CGSUnitOfMeasure, #$UnitOfMeasure.
> guid: bd58d6c0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$CGSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMass #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$MegaHertz mega hertz **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The measurement function used in Cyc to represent the common unit of frequency. See also #$UnitOfFrequency, #$UnitOfMeasure.
> guid: bd58cce9-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfFrequency #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix #$Individual

#$Megabyte megabyte

> A function (an instance of #$IndividualDenotingFunction and of #$UnitOfComputerStorageCapacity) used to represent a common unit of computer memory and disk capacity. Like all instances of #$UnitOfMeasure, its #$arity is variable between one and two. Its arguments must be instances of #$SubLRealNumber. If a single instance of #$SubLRealNumber is put in the argument position to this function, it returns a precise quantity of megabytes (which is an instance of #$ComputerMemoryCapacity). If two #$SubLRealNumbers are put in the argument position, it returns an interval (which is an instance of #$ComputerMemoryCapacity). Thus, the value of (#$Megabyte 1) is one megabyte (approximately one million #$Bytes, each with a length of 8 #$Bits). The value of (#$Megabyte 1 2) is between one and two megabytes .
> guid: bd58cc65-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfComputerResourceCapacity #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix #$Individual

#$Angstrom angstrom

> An instance of #$UnitOfDistance. When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$Angstrom returns an instance of #$Distance as its value. For example, (#$Angstrom 212) is a length of 212 angstroms. Note that 1 angstrom is equivalent to 1/10,000,000,000 (i.e., 10^-10) meter.
> guid: c100796c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfDistance #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix #$Individual

#$Inch inch **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The measurement function used in Cyc to represent the inch used to measure length within the British (FPS) system. See also #$FPSUnitOfMeasure, #$UnitOfMeasure.
> guid: bd58a120-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FPSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfDistance #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$Foot-UnitOfMeasure foot (unit of distance) (unit of measure) (relationship) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The measurement function used in Cyc to represent the basic unit of length within the British (FPS) system. See also #$FPSUnitOfMeasure, #$UnitOfMeasure.
> guid: bd58a0e3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfDistance #$FPSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$SquareMile square mile **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The measurement function used in Cyc to represent the square mile used as a unit of measure for area, within the British (FPS) system. See also #$FPSUnitOfMeasure, #$UnitOfMeasure.
> guid: bd590423-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfArea #$FPSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$Precision precision **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of attributes that represent levels of precision needed to perform some activity accurately, i.e., within a narrow tolerance, whether those bounds be spatial (as for physical movements), perceptual, or intellectual.
> guid: bd58e72e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ScriptPerformanceAttributeType #$AtemporalNecessarilyEssentialCollectionType
> direct specialization of: #$AttributeValue

#$Pound-UnitOfMass pound (unit of mass) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The measurement function used in Cyc to represent the basic unit of mass in the British (FPS) system. Technically, the FPS pound is exclusively a unit of force, analogous to the #$Newton in the MKS system. The usage here is occasioned primarily by the fact that interconversions between pounds and kilograms are often used in the terrestrial frame of reference. See also #$FPSUnitOfMeasure, #$UnitOfMeasure, #$Pound-UnitOfForce.
> guid: bd590b61-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMass #$FPSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$Ounce ounce **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The measurement function used in Cyc to represent the ounce used for measuring weight within the British (FPS) system. See also #$FPSUnitOfMeasure, #$UnitOfMeasure.
> guid: bd58cb22-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMass #$FPSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

### Other Unit Of Measure Instances

#$Radian radian **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> This is the basic unit of angular measure. 2*pi radians make a complete circle.
> guid: bd58ac17-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfAngularDistance #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure degree

> An instance of #$UnitOfAngularDistance. When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure returns an instance of #$AngularDistance as its value. For example, (#$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure 360) is an angular distance of 360 degrees.
> guid: bd58ab5a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfAngularDistance #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$Minute-UnitOfAngularMeasure angular minute **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A unit to measure the size of angles; 60 minutes = 1 degree (#$Degree-UnitOfAngularMeasure)
> guid: bdb98d26-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfAngularDistance #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$Second-UnitOfAngularMeasure angular second **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A unit to measure the size of angles. 60 seconds = 1 minute (#$Minute-UnitOfAngularMeasure)
> guid: bed7a225-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfAngularDistance #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$DegreeCelsius degree Celsius **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The standard unit of temperature in much of the world and also in CYC.
> guid: bd59001f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfTemperature #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$DegreeFahrenheit degree Fahrenheit **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The unit of measure on the Fahrenheit scale; mainly used in the USA
> guid: bd589d7b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfTemperature #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$DegreeKelvin degree Kelvin **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The unit of measure on the Kelvin or Absolute temperature scale; mainly used in science; note that the size of this unit is equal to the size of a #$DegreeCelsius.
> guid: bd58b13f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfTemperature #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$TimesPerSecond time per second

> An instance of #$UnitOfFrequency. When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$TimesPerSecond returns an instance of #$Frequency as its value. For example, (#$TimesPerSecond 45) is a frequency of forty-five times per second.
> guid: bd67f24a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfFrequency #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$TimesPerYear time per year **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A Cyc function, #$TimesPerYear is a #$UnitOfFrequency. (#$TimesPerYear NUMBER) denotes a frequency NUMBER times per year.
> guid: bd58d2bb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfFrequency #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$TimesPerDay time per day **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> Times per day -- unit of frequency
> guid: bd589f93-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfFrequency #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$TimesPerWeek time per week

> An instance of #$UnitOfFrequency. When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$TimesPerWeek returns an instance of #$Frequency as its value. For example, (#$TimesPerWeek 3) is a frequency of three times per week.
> guid: bd58deb1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfFrequency #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$TimesPerMinute time per minute **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> Times per minute -- unit of frequency
> guid: bd58deee-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfFrequency #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$AFewDaysDuration-Coll a few days **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> Duration of 2 to 10 days
> guid: 9564c58c-74bc-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
> direct instance of: #$Collection
> direct specialization of:

#$AFewDecadesDuration-Coll a few decades **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> Duration of 2 to 10 decades
> guid: 78ad7ae8-74c0-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
> direct instance of: #$Collection
> direct specialization of:

#$AFewHoursDuration-Coll a few hours **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> Duration of 2 to 10 hours
> guid: 6856d282-74bd-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
> direct instance of: #$Collection
> direct specialization of: #$Time-Quantity

#$AFewMinutesDuration-Coll a few minutes **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> Duration of 2 to 10 minutes
> guid: 4c781372-74be-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
> direct instance of: #$Collection
> direct specialization of: #$Time-Quantity

#$AFewMonthsDuration-Coll a few months **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A few months 2-10
> guid: 133031ba-74bb-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
> direct instance of: #$Collection
> direct specialization of: #$Time-Quantity

#$AFewSecondsDuration-Coll a few seconds **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> Duration of 2 to 30 seconds
> guid: 0ed6cc06-74bf-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
> direct instance of: #$Collection
> direct specialization of:

#$AFewWeeksDuration-Coll a few weeks **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> Duration of 2 to 10 weeks
> guid: d6fb3874-74bb-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
> direct instance of: #$Collection
> direct specialization of: #$TimeInterval

#$AFewYearsDuration-Coll a few years **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> Duration of 2 to 10 years
> guid: ca556898-74bf-11d6-8000-00a0c99cc5ae
> direct instance of: #$Collection
> direct specialization of: #$Time-Quantity

#$MilesPerHour mile per hour

> An instance of #$UnitOfSpeed. When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$MilesPerHour returns an instance of #$Speed as its value. For example, (#$MilesPerHour 55) is a speed of 55 miles per hour.
> guid: bd590391-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfSpeed #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$KilometersPerHour kph **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> (#$KilometersPerHour NUMBER) returns a dimensionless rate or speed of NUMBER kilometers per hour.
> guid: bd58fa8b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfSpeed #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$Individual

#$MetersPerSecond meter per second **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> (#$MetersPerSecond NUMBER) returns a dimensionless rate or speed of NUMBER meters per second. Notice that this result is not presently thought of as incorporating a vector, although it might be modified to do so at some point in the future if this should prove appropriate.
> guid: bd590189-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfSpeed #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$MetersPerSecondPerSecond meter per second per second **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The basic measure of acceleration
> guid: bd590247-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfAcceleration #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$CentimetersPerSecond centimeter per second

> An instance of #$UnitOfSpeed. When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$CentimetersPerSecond returns an instance of #$Speed as its value. For example, (#$CentimetersPerSecond 9.8) is a speed of 9.8 centimeters per second.
> guid: bd59034e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfSpeed #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix #$CGSUnitOfMeasure #$Individual

#$Mach-UnitOfSpeed mach - unit of speed **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The speed of sound on earth at sea level. 344.4 m/s
> guid: bd5902cb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfSpeed #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$RadiansPerSecond radian per second **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The basic measure of #$RateOfRotation.
> guid: bd590290-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfAngularSpeed #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$RadiansPerSecondPerSecond radian per second per second

> An instance of #$UnitOfAngularAcceleration. When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$RadiansPerSecondPerSecond returns an instance of #$AngularAccelerationRate as its value. For example (#$RadiansPerSecondPerSecond 60) is an angular acceleration rate of 60 radians per second per second.
> guid: bd589e5f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfAngularAcceleration #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$HorsePower horsepower

> An instance of #$UnitOfPower. When applied to a number or pair of numbers, #$HorsePower returns an instance of #$Power as its value. For example, (#$HorsePower 300) is a power of 300 horsepower. Note that 1 horsepower is equivalent to 746 watts.
> guid: bd58bc33-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfPower #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$Volt volt **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The basic unit of electrical potential in the MKS system. It is defined as one watt per ampere.
> guid: bd58eb5d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfVoltage #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$Watt watt (unit of measure) (relationship) (mathematical concept) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> This is the basic unit of power in the metric system and the basic #$UnitOfPower in CYC. It is a newton-meter per second or a joule per second.
> guid: bd58ab3c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfPower #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$Ohm Ohm

> An instance of #$MKSUnitOfMeasure. #$Ohm is the standard unit of electrical resistance in the MKS (meter-kilogram-second) system. One ohm is equivalent to the resistance of a circuit in which a 1-#$Volt electrical potential difference produces a 1-#$Coulomb #$ElectricalCurrentLevel (qq.v).
> guid: bee46e87-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$Individual

#$Ampere ampere **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The standard unit of measure of electrical current, equivalent to a 1-#$Coulomb flow of current, or 1 #$Volt across a resistance of 1 #$Ohm.
> guid: bd589e1b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfCurrent #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

#$Coulomb coulomb **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> This is the basic unit of measure for charge in the metric system and in CYC.
> guid: bd589ea5-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$MKSUnitOfMeasure #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$UnitOfCharge #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$Individual

### Intervals

#$IntervalMaxFn interval max fn **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> (#$IntervalMaxFn SCALAR) returns an interval of the same type as SCALAR whose maximum value is the maximum value of SCALAR and whose minimum value is #$MinusInfinity. For example, (#$IntervalMaxFn (#$Mile 3)) is the same as `the interval from negative infinity miles to three miles'. [Technical Note: if that expression were to denote a strictly absolute, as opposed to a relative-or-absolute, distance, then it would mean `the interval from 0 miles to 3 miles'.] (#$IntervalMaxFn (#$Unity 1)) is the same as `the interval from negative infinity to 1', in other words, `no greater than one'.
> guid: c10ae4c2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnaryFunction #$Individual

#$IntervalMinFn interval min fn **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> (#$IntervalMinFn SCALAR) returns an interval of the same type as SCALAR whose minimum value is the minimum value of SCALAR and whose maximum value is #$PlusInfinity. For example, (#$IntervalMinFn (#$Mile 3)) is the same as `the interval from three miles to an infinite number of miles', in other words, `at least three miles'.
> guid: bd590c98-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$PartialDenotationalFunction #$UnaryFunction #$Individual

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