## Financial

E-Mail Comments to: opencyc-doc@cyc.com
Last Update: 4/5/02
Copyright© 1996-2002. All rights reserved. See Terms of Usage.

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### Money And Income

#$Money money (quantity) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of amounts of currency or debt, by which payments, wealth, capital, assets, etc., are measured. An instance of #$Money may be considered as either (1) an amount of actual, valuable tangible goods (such as gold) or (2) a purely abstract quantity. That is, from one perspective, elements of #$Money represent the amount of a debt (or credit), while from another perspective, they represent what is actually transferred to create or discharge a debt. In either case it is an abstract thing. Either (a) money is a backed claim for a certain amount of precious physical wealth payable by the government on demand (e.g., the gold standard), or (b) money is a legally enforced means of debt payment without any backing. In the past, money was created by national governments; today some currencies like the Euro or the CFA Franc are created by multi-government entities. Elements of #$Money in Cyc may be either a fixed amount, such as five U.S. dollars, or a range, such as `the price of a 1997 Mazda Protege'. See #$UnitOfMoney for the units used by Cyc to measure instances of #$Money. Note: The tangible coins, bills, checks, etc., that represent certain amounts of #$Money (but which as physical objects may have little value) are elements of #$TenderObject, not of #$Money. Elements of #$TenderObject which also belong to #$Currency are typically associated with some instance of #$UnitOfMoney (e.g., #$Dollar-UnitedStates) and have a fixed value.
> guid: bd58d4d8-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$FundamentalNumericScalarIntervalType
> direct specialization of: #$ScalarInterval

#$MoneyTenderType types of money tender **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A collection of collections. Each instance of #$MoneyTenderType is a collection of objects of a type commonly offered in payment for goods, services, fees, wage-work, and so on. Notable instances of #$MoneyTenderType include #$Currency, #$CreditCard, and #$Check-TenderObject.
> guid: bd58d8e4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$SecondOrderCollection
> direct specialization of: #$ExistingObjectType

#$TenderObject items of legal tender

> An instance of #$ExistingObjectType, and a specialization of #$LiquidAsset. Each specialization of #$TenderObject is a type of object widely accepted as a means of payment for goods and services; instances of #$TenderObject can thus play the role of #$objectTendered in instances of #$MoneyTransfer. Important specializations of #$TenderObject include #$Currency, #$CreditCard, and #$Check-TenderObject.
> guid: bd58c470-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$HumanAccessibleIBO #$LiquidAsset
> direct generalization of: #$FinancialAccountTenderObject #$Currency #$PrepaidTelephoneCard #$BankDebitCard #$CreditCard #$Check-TenderObject

#$Currency items of currency **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$TenderObject. Each instance of #$Currency is a physical object generally accepted as legal tender, and used as a means of transferring a quantity of #$Money (q.v.) between some instances of #$Agent. Instances of #$Currency may be coins, items of precious metal, paper bills for which precious objects are payable by a government to the bearer on demand, or unbacked paper bills required by a government to be accepted for payment of debts. Instances of #$Currency are typically backed by and issued by national governments.
> guid: bd58cc42-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$MoneyTenderType
> direct specialization of: #$TenderObject #$PortableObject

#$Dollar-UnitedStates US Dollar **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> An instance of #$UnitOfMoney. #$Dollar-UnitedStates is the main standard monetary unit of the United States of America. When applied to a real number or a sequence of two real numbers, #$Dollar-UnitedStates returns an instance of #$Money; for example, (#$Dollar-UnitedStates 10) is 10 U.S. dollars. One #$Dollar-UnitedStates is equivalent to 100 #$Cent-UnitedStates (q.v.).
> guid: bd58a636-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMoney #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$StandardUnitOfMeasure #$Individual

#$Cent-UnitedStates cents **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> An instance of #$UnitOfMoney. #$Cent-UnitedStates is the smallest unit of money used officially in the United States of America; it is one-hundredth of a #$Dollar-UnitedStates (q.v.).
> guid: bd58fa3a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix #$UnitOfMoney #$Individual

#$FinancialAccountTenderObject financial account tender object

> A specialization of #$TenderObject. Each instance of #$FinancialAccountTenderObject is an object (e.g., a check or a credit card) that serves as a means for offering payment in funds drawn on an associated instance of #$FinancialAccount. The liquidity of an instance of #$FinancialAccountTenderObject depends on the status of the associated financial account (see the predicates #$accountBalance and #$accountStatus).
> guid: bd5902db-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$TenderObject
> direct generalization of: #$Check-TenderObject #$CreditCard

#$moneyTransferMode money transfer mode **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> (#$moneyTransferMode TRANSACTION TYPE) means that in some particular money transfer TRANSACTION, the #$MoneyTenderType used in that transaction was TYPE, e.g., #$CreditCard, #$Check-TenderObject, etc.
> guid: bd5891b4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate

#$Check-TenderObject checks (identification cards) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$TenderObject. Each instance of #$Check-TenderObject is a financial instrument, drawn on a particular account at some instance of #$FinancialOrganization (q.v.), which is redeemable for a monetary value by the agent who is the payee. The financial organization pays the payee funds from the account, upon proper presentation of the check.
> guid: bd58cea8-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$MoneyTenderType
> direct specialization of: #$FinancialAccountTenderObject #$Form-StandardizedIBO #$IDDocument #$PaperIBT
> direct generalization of: #$PersonalCheck

#$SaleByCheck sales by check **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> Sales in which the payment tendered is a check.
> guid: bd58c845-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$Buying

#$CreditCard credit cards **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of both #$Card and #$TenderObject. Each instance of #$CreditCard is a piece of plastic that enables authorized users to spend the card-issuing company's money, drawn as a (usually unsecured) loan through an associated instance of #$CreditCardAccount (q.v.) under a pre-arranged credit agreement. The credit card company credits the vendor of the purchased goods or services and bills the card user, usually with interest.
> guid: bd58ceea-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$MoneyTenderType
> direct specialization of: #$FinancialAccountTenderObject #$Plastic #$FreeSheet #$Card #$IDDocument

#$SaleByCreditCard credit card sales **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$Buying. Each instance of #$SaleByCreditCard is a purchase in which the buyer (see the predicate #$buyer) pays by using some instance of #$CreditCard (q.v.).
> guid: bd58c804-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$Buying

#$LiquidAsset liquid assets **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$SomethingExisting. Each instance of #$LiquidAsset is either an instance of #$Currency or some asset that is readily convertible to currency by selling or borrowing against it. Examples of #$LiquidAssets include stocks, bonds, and money market accounts.
> guid: bd58afb3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$SomethingExisting
> direct generalization of: #$TenderObject

#$MonetaryFlowRate monetary flow rate **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$Rate. Each instance of #$MonetaryFlowRate is an amount of money taken with respect to some unit of time. Instances of #$MonetaryFlowRate include rates at which money is earned, spent, transferred, lost, and invested. An example instance of #$MonetaryFlowRate is (#$DollarsPerHour 10), $10 dollars per hour.
> guid: bd58eb7f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$MeasurableScalarIntervalType
> direct specialization of: #$MoneyRate

#$MoneyRate money rates **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$Rate. Each instance of #$MoneyRate is an amount of #$Money (q.v.) taken with respect to an amount of some other quantity: e.g., $1.14 per gallon, $10,000 per acre, $250 per week, and $0.89 per pound. Notable specializations of #$MoneyRate include #$MoneyPerVolumeRate, #$MoneyPerAreaRate, #$MoneyPerMassRate, and #$MonetaryFlowRate.
> guid: bd58d145-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$MeasurableScalarIntervalType
> direct specialization of: #$Rate
> direct generalization of: #$MonetaryFlowRate

#$DollarsPerHour dollars per hour **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> An instance of #$UnitOfMonetaryFlowRate. When applied to a single number (or pair of numbers), #$DollarsPerHour returns a single value (or an interval of values) measuring the rate at which money is earned, spent, or otherwise transferred.
> guid: bd59076f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$UnitOfMonetaryFlowRate #$Individual

#$DollarsPerYear dollar per year **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> An instance of #$UnitOfMonetaryFlowRate. When applied to a real number REAL (or a sequence of two real numbers INTERVAL), #$DollarsPerYear returns a #$MonetaryFlowRate of REAL #$Dollar-UnitedStates per year (respectively, INTERVAL #$Dollar-UnitedStates per year.
> guid: bd58af93-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix #$UnitOfMonetaryFlowRate #$Individual

#$income income **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The predicate #$income is used to state the income of a person or other agent. (#$income AGT RATE) means that the #$Agent AGT has the income RATE, where RATE is a #$MonetaryFlowRate, e.g., a number of #$DollarsPerHour or #$DollarsPerYear. See #$MonetaryFlowRate.
> guid: bd58af51-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot

#$approximatePay salary **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The predicate #$approximatePay is used to estimate a typical amount of pay offered to workers in a specific occupation. (#$approximatePay JOBTYPE RATE) means that a person working in the #$PersonTypeByOccupation JOBTYPE makes approximately the #$MonetaryFlowRate RATE, as earned income. RATE might be expressed in, e.g., #$DollarsPerHour, pounds-per-week, or yen-per-year. RATE refers to average pay for the occupation JOBTYPE, excluding any unearned pay (such as matching 401K contributions) and the value of other employee benefits.
> guid: bd58b1e1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot

### Commercial Organizations And Accounts

#$CommercialServiceOrganization service companies

> A specialization of #$CommercialOrganization. Each instance of #$CommercialServiceOrganization is a commercial organization which sells some service(s), rather than tangible goods, as its main product. Some tangible goods may accompany or supplement the main service sold, but only as side products; for example, some instances of #$HairSalon sell hair care products.
> guid: bd58f1b9-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$CommercialOrganization #$ServiceOrganization
> direct generalization of: #$FinancialCompany #$AirlineCompany #$Pharmacy #$FoodServiceOrganization #$ServiceEstablishment #$ConstructionCompany

#$ServiceOrganization service organizations **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$Organization. Each instance of #$ServiceOrganization is an organization whose main function is to provide some service or services. A service organization may be a subsidiary or department in some larger organization, or an independent organization. A service organization may or may not be a for-profit organization; for-profit service organizations are instances of the subcollection #$CommercialServiceOrganization (q.v.). Notable specializations of #$ServiceOrganization include #$MedicalCareOrganization, #$ShippingOrganization, and #$Restaurant-Organization.
> guid: bd58b11a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType #$OrganizationByActivityType
> direct specialization of: #$Organization
> direct generalization of: #$ShippingOrganization #$ContactPointSubOrganization #$TransportationCompany #$MedicalCareOrganization #$InsuranceProvider #$CommercialServiceOrganization

#$ServiceEstablishment commercial service establishments

> A specialization of both #$CommercialServiceOrganization and #$SingleSiteLocalOrganizationWithClients. Each instance of #$ServiceEstablishment is a local, commercial service organization with a single physical location. Notable specializations of #$ServiceEstablishment include #$Restaurant-Organization and #$Bar-DrinkingEstablishment.
> guid: bd58e588-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$Business #$SingleSiteLocalOrganizationWithClients #$CommercialServiceOrganization
> direct generalization of: #$RetailStore #$Restaurant-Organization

#$FinancialOrganization financial organizations **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of all #$Organizations that are primarily or significantly engaged in the #$FinancialIndustry or whose activities focus on that industry. Instances of both #$CommercialServiceOrganizations (e.g., banks and brokerage houses) and #$NonProfitOrganizations (e.g., #$InternationalMonetaryFund) may be instances of #$FinancialOrganization. Specializations of #$FinancialOrganization include #$BankCompany, #$FinancialExchange, and #$InvestmentOrganization.
> guid: bd590577-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType #$OrganizationByIndustry
> direct specialization of: #$Organization
> direct generalization of: #$FinancialCompany

#$SellingOrganization selling organizations **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$Organization. Each instance of #$SellingOrganization is an organization whose main function is to sell things by conducting sales activities. Notable specializations of #$SellingOrganization include #$SalesDepartment, #$AdvertisingAgency, and #$RetailOrganization.
> guid: bd590892-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType #$OrganizationByActivityType
> direct specialization of: #$Vendor #$Organization
> direct generalization of: #$RetailOrganization

#$RetailOrganization retail organizations

> A collection of organizations. Each instance of #$RetailOrganization is an organization that engages primarily in selling goods or services to end-users or consumers, rather than to wholesale customers. Specializations of #$RetailOrganization include the collections #$RetailStore and #$AutoDealership.
> guid: bd58de51-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$SellingOrganization
> direct generalization of: #$RetailStore

#$SingleSiteLocalOrganizationWithClients local customer contact points **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of both #$SingleSiteOrganization and #$LocalOrganization. Each instance of #$SingleSiteLocalOrganizationWithClients is a single-site organization serving customers in a local area, working from a particular store, office, or other physical quarters where customers (or their agents) go in person to speak with company representatives about the services or products offered. Instances of #$SingleSiteLocalOrganizationWithClients may be either stand-alone organizations or sub-organization of a larger company. Notable specializations of#$SingleSiteLocalOrganizationWithClients include #$Pharmacy, #$AutoDealership, and #$Hospital.
> guid: bd58c0cd-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$ContactPointSubOrganization #$LocalOrganization #$SingleSiteOrganization
> direct generalization of: #$VeterinaryHospital #$Pharmacy #$Hospital #$ProfessionalOffice #$ServiceEstablishment

#$AccountType types of account **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A collection of collections. Each instance of #$AccountType is a collection of financial accounts of some type. Instances of #$AccountType include #$SavingsAccount, #$CreditCardAccount, #$RetirementAccount, #$SocialSecurityAccount, and #$TravelExpenseAccount.
> guid: bd588be8-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$SiblingDisjointCollection #$SecondOrderCollection
> direct specialization of: #$ExistingObjectType

#$Account accounts (agreements) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A collection of objects; a subcollection of #$LegalAgreement. Each instance of #$Account is a recorded obligation (of some particular type) between specified parties, consisting of `funds' which typically can be added to and drawn upon. Examples include instances of #$RetirementAccount, #$TravelExpenseAccount, and of the many types of #$FinancialAccount . Note that the contents of an account need not be monetary; for example, the contents may be amounts of time, as in the subcollections #$VacationAccount or #$SickLeaveAccount. #$Account does NOT include debt obligations of fixed face value that cannot be increased or reduced (such as a bond).
> guid: bd588c2b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$AccountType
> direct specialization of: #$AuthorizedAgreement #$LegalAgreement
> direct generalization of: #$FinancialAccount

#$FinancialAccount financial accounts **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$Account. Each instance of #$FinancialAccount is an account which is denominated in units of #$Money (q.v.). Specializations of #$FinancialAccount include #$BankAccount, #$CreditCardAccount, and #$VendorAccount.
> guid: bd58dcfe-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$AccountType
> direct specialization of: #$Account

#$accountStatus account status (attribute predicate) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The predicate #$accountStatus indicates whether a particular account is paid up, overdue, delinquent, etc. (#$accountStatus ACCT STATUS) means that the #$Account ACCT has the attribute STATUS (see also #$AccountStatusAttribute).
> guid: bd588cc0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$BinaryAttributePredicate
> direct specialization of: #$hasAttributes

#$AccountStatusAttribute account statuses **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$AttributeValue. Each instance of #$AccountStatusAttribute is an obligational status of some instance of #$Account. Instances of #$AccountStatusAttribute include #$PaidInFull, #$InComplianceWithPaymentSchedule, #$PaymentOverdue, and #$AccountInactive.
> guid: bd58d207-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$SiblingDisjointAttributeType
> direct specialization of: #$AttributeValue

#$accountAdministrator account administrator **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The predicate #$accountAdministrator identifies the agent who administers a particular account. (#$accountAdministrator ACCT AGENT) means that the #$Account ACCT is administered by the individual or organization AGENT.
> guid: bd58e1c4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
> direct specialization of: #$temporallyIntersects

#$accountHolder account holder **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The predicate #$accountHolder identifies the holder of a particular account. (#$accountHolder ACCT AGENT) means that the #$Account ACCT is held by the individual or organization AGENT; thus, money (or some other valuable) is owed to or from AGENT, in the amount shown in the account (see #$accountBalance).
> guid: bd58e205-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate

#$accountBalance balance (interval based quantity slot) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The predicate #$accountBalance is used to indicate the balance of a particular account. (#$accountBalance ACCT BAL) means that the #$FinancialAccount ACCT has the balance BAL; BAL is the amount of #$Money either owed by, or available to, the #$accountHolder (depending upon the type of account).
> guid: bd588d44-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot

### Commercial Activities

#$ServiceEvent services (helped) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$HelpingAnAgent. Each instance of #$ServiceEvent is an event in which one or more agents (related to the event via the predicate #$providerOfService) do something for one or more other agents (related to the event via the predicate #$recipientOfService). A service event may involve maintenance, repair, or refurbishing of some object belonging to the recipient(s) of the service (including care of his/her person), or it may involve gathering or transmitting information, providing advice, entertainment, transportation, etc. to the recipient(s). Service events may or may not be done for payment.
> guid: bd58de46-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType #$ProductByGenericType
> direct specialization of: #$Product #$HelpingAnAgent
> direct generalization of: #$Renting #$Constructing #$ServingFoodOrDrink #$PreparingFoodOrDrink #$EntertainmentPerformance #$EntertainmentEvent #$Teaching #$MedicalCareEvent #$MedicalTreatmentEvent #$DeliveringSomeoneSomething

#$BusinessEvent business events **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A collection of events. Each instance of #$BusinessEvent is an intentional occurrence that is closely associated with, and either helps or hinders, the business purpose of some agent. Examples include: the development of General Motors' business plan for 1996; an individual sales call on a particular customer; printing the 1996 Yellow Pages directory for the Austin, TX, area; selling a newspaper; designing and manufacturing a new memory chip. #$BusinessEvent does NOT include purely social or recreational occurrences.
> guid: bd588c38-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
> direct specialization of: #$SocialOccurrence
> direct generalization of: #$BusinessRelationshipActivity #$Advertising #$SalesActivity

#$SalesActivity sales activities **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A collection of events. Each instance of #$SalesActivity is an event which the performing agent does in an effort to achieve a subsequent sale to a second agent. Types (i.e., subcollections) of #$SalesActivity include #$Advertising, telemarketing, showing sample and/or actual products to customers in a show room or a store. Instances of #$SalesActivity which are successful lead to corresponding instances of #$Buying. Note: #$SalesActivity does NOT include manufacturing, accounting, and other such ancillary business activities.
> guid: bd588fd2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$CommercialActivity #$BusinessEvent
> direct generalization of: #$MarketingActivity

#$BuyingActivity buying activities **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A collection of events. #$BuyingActivity very generally includes events related to purchasing goods or services. Each instance of #$BuyingActivity is an event that is either (i) a common prelude to buying (i.e., the kinds of activities that contribute to their doers becoming buyers), or (ii) an instance of #$Buying itself. Examples of #$BuyingActivity include shopping for, or ordering, something very specific, and also general expressions of interest in purchasing something, such as placing an `Item Wanted' ad in a newspaper.
> guid: bd588f8e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
> direct specialization of: #$SelectingSomething #$CommercialActivity
> direct generalization of: #$Buying

#$Buying orders (money transactions) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A collection of events. Each instance of #$Buying is an event in which an agent voluntarily pays to acquire something tangible or intangible, or for the performance of a service, which another agent sells in the event. Payment may be in money or other exchange of assets. Instances of #$Buying may include #$subEvents of negotiation, the act of paying, and the transfer of the purchased thing to the buyer. Examples of #$Buying include: purchasing fighter jets for the Navy; buying a Pepsi from a vending machine; ordering dinner at a restaurant; acquiring a personal life insurance policy for oneself; mail-ordering clothes from Sears; shopping at a farmers' market.
> guid: bd58cbda-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights #$BuyingActivity
> direct generalization of: #$SaleByCheck #$SaleByCreditCard

#$Renting renting events **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of both #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights and #$TemporaryChangeOfUserRights. Each instance of #$Renting is an event during which one agent grants to another agent the use of an object (owned or controlled by the first agent) for a period of time, in exchange for some remuneration. The schedule of payment may vary, depending upon the rental period, type of object involved, type of usage granted, and/or other considerations. The agent providing the object to rent is related to the instance of #$Renting by the predicate #$fromPossessor (q.v.); the agent paying to use the object is related to the instance of #$Renting by the predicate #$toPossessor (q.v.). Those agents enter into an #$Agreement (q.v.). Examples of #$Renting might include: Fred renting a particular apartment last year; Jane renting a car all this week; Jack renting a canoe on Saturday morning.
> guid: bd58d7bd-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$AccessingScriptType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
> direct specialization of: #$ServiceEvent #$MakingSomethingAvailable #$TemporaryChangeOfUserRights #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights

#$Paying payments **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of#$MoneyTransaction. Each instance of #$Paying is an event in which one agent (the payer, who is related to the event via the predicate #$payer) pays money to another agent (the payee, who is related to the event via the predicate #$toPossessor). In each instance of #$Paying, the payer gives the payee full use rights (see the constant #$FullUseRights) to the money transferred to the payee. Instances of #$Paying include the following: (1) all instances of #$Buying (q.v.) and #$Renting (q.v.) contain (at least one) sub-event which is an instance of #$Paying; (2) making charitable contributions; (3) paying off one's gambling debts; (4) paying an employee's salary or a child's allowance. Writing a check or offering a credit card in payment are sub-events of paying events; such payings are successful only if the check is not lost or stolen, if it clears the bank, and so on. On the other hand, filling out a pledge card (e.g., for United Way) is _not_ considered an instance of #$Paying, or even a sub-event of an instance of #$Paying, because it does not involve or initiate any legal reassignment of rights to the money.
> guid: bd590a1d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$TransferringOwnership #$MoneyTransaction

#$MoneyTransaction money transactions **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of both #$CommercialActivity and #$MoneyTransfer. Each instance of #$MoneyTransaction is an event in which a transfer of money occurs, and the transfer is done in exchange for something else, according to some (implicit or explicit) agreement. Thus, buying something, investing, making a donation, executing a bequest, and exchanging currency are all examples of #$MoneyTransaction events.
> guid: bd589db3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
> direct specialization of: #$CommercialActivity #$MoneyTransfer
> direct generalization of: #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights #$Paying

#$ContractNegotiation contract negotiations **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of negotiations intended to lead to the formation of a contract between the participants (or the parties they represent in the negotiations).
> guid: bd5ad3ec-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$Negotiating #$PurposefulAction

#$AuthorizedAgreement authorized agreements **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The collection of generic agreements that are authorized by one of the agreeing parties (typically by the issuer of the document embodying the agreement). #$AuthorizedAgreements are generic in the sense that their authorizing agents are party to many similar agreements; for that reason, an #$AuthorizedAgreement is typically given a unique identification number. Examples: bank accounts, driver's licenses, stock certificates.
> guid: bd58b01c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$Agreement
> direct generalization of: #$Stock #$Account #$Warranty

#$PurchaseRequisitionDocument purchase requisition forms **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A collection of documents. Each element of #$PurchaseRequisitionDocument is a text document sent within an organization, to a purchasing agent, in order to request that the organization purchase some particular item(s). Such a document may require authorization by the requestor's superior before it is recognized as a legitimate request.
> guid: bd58f068-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$Form-StandardizedIBO

#$basicPrice price **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The predicate #$basicPrice indicates the price of a particular item. (#$basicPrice THING MONEY) means that the object or service, THING, has the basic price MONEY. (MONEY can be an interval representing a range of prices.) This predicate can be used to indicate the price of a particular chunk of stuff too. Note that #$basicPrice refers to the `ticket price' of an item when it is actually bought or offered for sale; #$basicPrice does NOT refer to appraised value (where that differs from an actual selling price). Since prices are time-sensitive, assertions about #$basicPrice should be suitably qualified. For example, the price of a fast-food #$HamburgerSandwich in 1996 is a magnitude greater than what it was in 1965. For the total charge for purchase of an object, including tax, shipping, handling, etc., use #$totalCharge (q.v.).
> guid: bd588c7f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot

#$costPerQuantity cost per quantity **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The predicate #$costPerQuantity gives the price for a measured amount of some type of stuff. (#$costPerQuantity STUFF UNITS QUANTITY PRICE) means that this kind of STUFF costs PRICE for each QUANTITY of UNITS. For example, #$Milk, as measured by volume (i.e., by the predicate #$volumeOfObject), costs about US $3 per gallon.
> guid: bd589747-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$QuaternaryPredicate

#$totalCharge price **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The predicate #$totalCharge is used to relate a buying event (that is, an instance of #$Buying) to the total amount of money charged to the buyer in that event. (#$totalCharge BUYING MONEY) means that the sum total charge for all goods, services, #$salesTax and other taxes, shipping and handling, delivery charges, discounts, etc., in the #$Buying event BUYING is the amount MONEY.
> guid: bd58fde5-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
> direct specialization of: #$moneyTransferred

#$Bill-PaymentRequest bills **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A specialization of #$TextualMaterial. Each instance of #$Bill-PaymentRequest is a notification, demand, or request made by a creditor (or its agent) to a debtor, for payment of a debt previously incurred for some loan, goods, or services. Instances of #$Bill-PaymentRequest include telephone bills, tax bills, department store bills, cleaning bills, and fuel bills.
> guid: bd58d7b1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$TextualMaterial

#$Bill-PaymentRequest-PIT bill payment request pit **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> A collection of abstract (informational) objects; a subset of #$TextMicrotheory. Each element of #$Bill-PaymentRequest-PIT is a formal request for payment (for products or services); the informational content of a #$Bill-PaymentRequest. Typically, this information includes the name and address of the billing agent; the name, address, account number (if there is one) of the debtor; the amount owed and where/how/when to remit it.
> guid: c10c1ee8-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$MicrotheoryType #$ObjectType
> direct specialization of: #$TextMicrotheory

#$seller seller

> The predicate #$seller relates an agent to an event in which some item is sold. (#$seller EXCHANGE AGENT) means that the #$Agent AGENT sells something in the #$MonetaryExchangeOfUserRights EXCHANGE.
> guid: bd58f14e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$AgentiveRole
> direct specialization of: #$exchangers

#$sellsProductType Retail **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> This predicate relates an agent to a specific type of product s/he sells. (#$sellsProductType AGENT PRODTYPE) means that AGENT sells PRODTYPE. For example, the Wendy's in the UT Student Union sells hamburgers. The implication is AGENT typically and often sells products of PRODTYPE. See also #$ProductProviderFn-Seller.
> guid: bd589ee1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate
> direct specialization of: #$conceptuallyRelated #$knowsAbout

#$amountOfSalesByToDuring amount of sales by to during **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The predicate #$amountOfSalesByToDuring is used to indicate how much of a certain product was sold by a particular seller to a particular buyer. (#$amountOfSalesByToDuring SELLER BUYER TIMEPD PRODTYPE REVENUE) means that, during the #$TimeInterval TIMEPD, SELLER (an #$Agent) sold to BUYER (another #$Agent) some amount of the #$ProductType PRODTYPE, worth the total amount of #$Money REVENUE. For example, to say that a restaurant, #$Threadgills, sold $3000 worth of their pumpkin pies to a local grocery store in November, we would say: (#$amountOfSalesByToDuring #$Threadgills HEBAt2222 (#$MonthFn #$November (#$YearFn 1996)) #$PumpkinPie (#$Dollar-UnitedStates 3000)).
> guid: c10af991-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$QuintaryPredicate #$FunctionalPredicate

#$buyer buyer **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The predicate #$buyer relates an agent to a business activity. (#$buyer EVENT AGENT) means that the #$Agent AGENT purchases the goods for sale in the #$CommercialActivity EVENT. The #$buyer may purchase the goods or services directly or through an agent. See also and compare: #$buyingPerformer, #$buyingAgent.
> guid: bd58d07b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$AgentiveRole
> direct specialization of: #$exchangers

#$rents rents (asymmetric binary predicate) **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED** **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**

> The predicate #$rents relates an agent to something that s/he is renting. (#$rents AGT OBJ) means that the #$Agent AGT is renting the object (possibly a piece of real estate) OBJ from another, unspecified agent. AGT is the borrower, renter, lessee or tenant. AGT has temporary use and enjoyment of OBJ, for a charge. See also #$TemporaryUserRightsAgreement, #$TemporaryChangeOfUserRights, #$Renting.
> guid: c10c1e8f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate #$CotemporalObjectsSlot

#$objectOfPossessionTransfer thing changing possession

> #$objectOfPossessionTransfer relates an event (more specifically, an instance of #$ChangeInUserRights) to an object (an instance of #$SomethingExisting) the user rights to which are transferred during that event. (#$objectOfPossessionTransfer EVENT OBJECT) means that in EVENT, all or some rights to use OBJECT are transferred from one agent (the #$fromPossessor) to another (the #$toPossessor). Since EVENT is an instance of #$ChangeInUserRights, it could be (among other things) a buying, renting, lending, or repossessing.
> guid: bd58f4cf-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
> direct instance of: #$ActorUseTypeSlot
> direct specialization of: #$transferredThing

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