#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Copyright 2009 Facebook
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.

"""Implementation of an S3-like storage server based on local files.

Useful to test features that will eventually run on S3, or if you want to
run something locally that was once running on S3.

We don't support all the features of S3, but it does work with the
standard S3 client for the most basic semantics. To use the standard
S3 client with this module:

    c = S3.AWSAuthConnection("", "", server="localhost", port=8888,
                             is_secure=False)
    c.create_bucket("mybucket")
    c.put("mybucket", "mykey", "a value")
    print c.get("mybucket", "mykey").body

"""

import bisect
import datetime
import hashlib
import os
import os.path
import urllib

from tornado import escape
from tornado import httpserver
from tornado import ioloop
from tornado import web

def start(port, root_directory="/tmp/s3", bucket_depth=0):
    """Starts the mock S3 server on the given port at the given path."""
    application = S3Application(root_directory, bucket_depth)
    http_server = httpserver.HTTPServer(application)
    http_server.listen(port)
    ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()


class S3Application(web.Application):
    """Implementation of an S3-like storage server based on local files.

    If bucket depth is given, we break files up into multiple directories
    to prevent hitting file system limits for number of files in each
    directories. 1 means one level of directories, 2 means 2, etc.
    """
    def __init__(self, root_directory, bucket_depth=0):
        web.Application.__init__(self, [
            (r"/", RootHandler),
            (r"/([^/]+)/(.+)", ObjectHandler),
            (r"/([^/]+)/", BucketHandler),
        ])
        self.directory = os.path.abspath(root_directory)
        if not os.path.exists(self.directory):
            os.makedirs(self.directory)
        self.bucket_depth = bucket_depth


class BaseRequestHandler(web.RequestHandler):
    SUPPORTED_METHODS = ("PUT", "GET", "DELETE")

    def render_xml(self, value):
        assert isinstance(value, dict) and len(value) == 1
        self.set_header("Content-Type", "application/xml; charset=UTF-8")
        name = value.keys()[0]
        parts = []
        parts.append('<' + escape.utf8(name) +
                     ' xmlns="http://doc.s3.amazonaws.com/2006-03-01">')
        self._render_parts(value.values()[0], parts)
        parts.append('</' + escape.utf8(name) + '>')
        self.finish('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\n' +
                    ''.join(parts))

    def _render_parts(self, value, parts=[]):
        if isinstance(value, basestring):
            parts.append(escape.xhtml_escape(value))
        elif isinstance(value, int) or isinstance(value, long):
            parts.append(str(value))
        elif isinstance(value, datetime.datetime):
            parts.append(value.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.000Z"))
        elif isinstance(value, dict):
            for name, subvalue in value.iteritems():
                if not isinstance(subvalue, list):
                    subvalue = [subvalue]
                for subsubvalue in subvalue:
                    parts.append('<' + escape.utf8(name) + '>')
                    self._render_parts(subsubvalue, parts)
                    parts.append('</' + escape.utf8(name) + '>')
        else:
            raise Exception("Unknown S3 value type %r", value)

    def _object_path(self, bucket, object_name):
        if self.application.bucket_depth < 1:
            return os.path.abspath(os.path.join(
                self.application.directory, bucket, object_name))
        hash = hashlib.md5(object_name).hexdigest()
        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(
            self.application.directory, bucket))
        for i in range(self.application.bucket_depth):
            path = os.path.join(path, hash[:2 * (i + 1)])
        return os.path.join(path, object_name)


class RootHandler(BaseRequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        names = os.listdir(self.application.directory)
        buckets = []
        for name in names:
            path = os.path.join(self.application.directory, name)
            info = os.stat(path)
            buckets.append({
                "Name": name,
                "CreationDate": datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(
                    info.st_ctime),
            })
        self.render_xml({"ListAllMyBucketsResult": {
            "Buckets": {"Bucket": buckets},
        }})


class BucketHandler(BaseRequestHandler):
    def get(self, bucket_name):
        prefix = self.get_argument("prefix", u"")
        marker = self.get_argument("marker", u"")
        max_keys = int(self.get_argument("max-keys", 50000))
        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(self.application.directory,
                                            bucket_name))
        terse = int(self.get_argument("terse", 0))
        if not path.startswith(self.application.directory) or \
           not os.path.isdir(path):
            raise web.HTTPError(404)
        object_names = []
        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
            for file_name in files:
                object_names.append(os.path.join(root, file_name))
        skip = len(path) + 1
        for i in range(self.application.bucket_depth):
            skip += 2 * (i + 1) + 1
        object_names = [n[skip:] for n in object_names]
        object_names.sort()
        contents = []

        start_pos = 0
        if marker:
            start_pos = bisect.bisect_right(object_names, marker, start_pos)
        if prefix:
            start_pos = bisect.bisect_left(object_names, prefix, start_pos)

        truncated = False
        for object_name in object_names[start_pos:]:
            if not object_name.startswith(prefix):
                break
            if len(contents) >= max_keys:
                truncated = True
                break
            object_path = self._object_path(bucket_name, object_name)
            c = {"Key": object_name}
            if not terse:
                info = os.stat(object_path)
                c.update({
                    "LastModified": datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(
                        info.st_mtime),
                    "Size": info.st_size,
                })
            contents.append(c)
            marker = object_name
        self.render_xml({"ListBucketResult": {
            "Name": bucket_name,
            "Prefix": prefix,
            "Marker": marker,
            "MaxKeys": max_keys,
            "IsTruncated": truncated,
            "Contents": contents,
        }})

    def put(self, bucket_name):
        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(
            self.application.directory, bucket_name))
        if not path.startswith(self.application.directory) or \
           os.path.exists(path):
            raise web.HTTPError(403)
        os.makedirs(path)
        self.finish()

    def delete(self, bucket_name):
        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(
            self.application.directory, bucket_name))
        if not path.startswith(self.application.directory) or \
           not os.path.isdir(path):
            raise web.HTTPError(404)
        if len(os.listdir(path)) > 0:
            raise web.HTTPError(403)
        os.rmdir(path)
        self.set_status(204)
        self.finish()


class ObjectHandler(BaseRequestHandler):
    def get(self, bucket, object_name):
        object_name = urllib.unquote(object_name)
        path = self._object_path(bucket, object_name)
        if not path.startswith(self.application.directory) or \
           not os.path.isfile(path):
            raise web.HTTPError(404)
        info = os.stat(path)
        self.set_header("Content-Type", "application/unknown")
        self.set_header("Last-Modified", datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(
            info.st_mtime))
        object_file = open(path, "r")
        try:
            self.finish(object_file.read())
        finally:
            object_file.close()

    def put(self, bucket, object_name):
        object_name = urllib.unquote(object_name)
        bucket_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(
            self.application.directory, bucket))
        if not bucket_dir.startswith(self.application.directory) or \
           not os.path.isdir(bucket_dir):
            raise web.HTTPError(404)
        path = self._object_path(bucket, object_name)
        if not path.startswith(bucket_dir) or os.path.isdir(path):
            raise web.HTTPError(403)
        directory = os.path.dirname(path)
        if not os.path.exists(directory):
            os.makedirs(directory)
        object_file = open(path, "w")
        object_file.write(self.request.body)
        object_file.close()
        self.finish()

    def delete(self, bucket, object_name):
        object_name = urllib.unquote(object_name)
        path = self._object_path(bucket, object_name)
        if not path.startswith(self.application.directory) or \
           not os.path.isfile(path):
            raise web.HTTPError(404)
        os.unlink(path)
        self.set_status(204)
        self.finish()
