org.springframework.jdbc.datasource

## Class DriverManagerDataSource

- java.lang.Object
- - org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.AbstractDataSource
  - - org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.AbstractDriverBasedDataSource
    - - org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource

- All Implemented Interfaces:
    Wrapper, CommonDataSource, DataSource
  Direct Known Subclasses:
    SingleConnectionDataSource

      public class DriverManagerDataSource
      extends AbstractDriverBasedDataSource

  Simple implementation of the standard JDBC `DataSource` interface, configuring the plain old JDBC `DriverManager` via bean properties, and returning a new `Connection` from every `getConnection` call.

  NOTE: This class is not an actual connection pool; it does not actually pool Connections. It just serves as simple replacement for a full-blown connection pool, implementing the same standard interface, but creating new Connections on every call.

  Useful for test or standalone environments outside of a J2EE container, either as a DataSource bean in a corresponding ApplicationContext or in conjunction with a simple JNDI environment. Pool-assuming `Connection.close()` calls will simply close the Connection, so any DataSource-aware persistence code should work.

  NOTE: Within special class loading environments such as OSGi, this class is effectively superseded by `SimpleDriverDataSource` due to general class loading issues with the JDBC DriverManager that be resolved through direct Driver usage (which is exactly what SimpleDriverDataSource does).

  In a J2EE container, it is recommended to use a JNDI DataSource provided by the container. Such a DataSource can be exposed as a DataSource bean in a Spring ApplicationContext via `JndiObjectFactoryBean`, for seamless switching to and from a local DataSource bean like this class. For tests, you can then either set up a mock JNDI environment through Spring's `SimpleNamingContextBuilder`, or switch the bean definition to a local DataSource (which is simpler and thus recommended).

  If you need a "real" connection pool outside of a J2EE container, consider Apache's Jakarta Commons DBCP or C3P0. Commons DBCP's BasicDataSource and C3P0's ComboPooledDataSource are full connection pool beans, supporting the same basic properties as this class plus specific settings (such as minimal/maximal pool size etc).

  Since:
    14.03.2003
  Author:
    Juergen Hoeller
  See Also:
    `SimpleDriverDataSource`

- - ### Field Summary

    - ### Fields inherited from class org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.AbstractDataSource

      `logger`

  - ### Constructor Summary

    Constructors
    Constructor and Description
    `DriverManagerDataSource()` Constructor for bean-style configuration.
    `DriverManagerDataSource(String url)` Create a new DriverManagerDataSource with the given JDBC URL, not specifying a username or password for JDBC access.
    `DriverManagerDataSource(String url, Properties conProps)` Create a new DriverManagerDataSource with the given JDBC URL, not specifying a username or password for JDBC access.
    `DriverManagerDataSource(String url, String username, String password)` Create a new DriverManagerDataSource with the given standard DriverManager parameters.
    `DriverManagerDataSource(String driverClassName, String url, String username, String password)` Deprecated. since Spring 2.5. DriverManagerDataSource is primarily intended for accessing pre-registered JDBC drivers. If you need to register a new driver, consider using `SimpleDriverDataSource` instead.

  - ### Method Summary

    Methods
    Modifier and Type | Method and Description
    --- | ---
    `protected Connection` | `getConnectionFromDriver(Properties props)` Obtain a Connection using the given properties.
    `protected Connection` | `getConnectionFromDriverManager(String url, Properties props)` Getting a Connection using the nasty static from DriverManager is extracted into a protected method to allow for easy unit testing.
    `void` | `setDriverClassName(String driverClassName)` Set the JDBC driver class name.

    - ### Methods inherited from class org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.AbstractDriverBasedDataSource

      `getConnection, getConnection, getConnectionFromDriver, getConnectionProperties, getPassword, getUrl, getUsername, setConnectionProperties, setPassword, setUrl, setUsername`

    - ### Methods inherited from class org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.AbstractDataSource

      `getLoginTimeout, getLogWriter, getParentLogger, isWrapperFor, setLoginTimeout, setLogWriter, unwrap`

    - ### Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

      `clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait`

- - ### Constructor Detail

    - #### DriverManagerDataSource

          public DriverManagerDataSource()

      Constructor for bean-style configuration.

    - #### DriverManagerDataSource

          public DriverManagerDataSource(String url)

      Create a new DriverManagerDataSource with the given JDBC URL, not specifying a username or password for JDBC access.
      Parameters:
        `url` - the JDBC URL to use for accessing the DriverManager
      See Also:
        `DriverManager.getConnection(String)`

    - #### DriverManagerDataSource

          public DriverManagerDataSource(String url,
                                 String username,
                                 String password)

      Create a new DriverManagerDataSource with the given standard DriverManager parameters.
      Parameters:
        `url` - the JDBC URL to use for accessing the DriverManager
        `username` - the JDBC username to use for accessing the DriverManager
        `password` - the JDBC password to use for accessing the DriverManager
      See Also:
        `DriverManager.getConnection(String, String, String)`

    - #### DriverManagerDataSource

          public DriverManagerDataSource(String url,
                                 Properties conProps)

      Create a new DriverManagerDataSource with the given JDBC URL, not specifying a username or password for JDBC access.
      Parameters:
        `url` - the JDBC URL to use for accessing the DriverManager
        `conProps` - JDBC connection properties
      See Also:
        `DriverManager.getConnection(String)`

    - #### DriverManagerDataSource

          @Deprecated
          public DriverManagerDataSource(String driverClassName,
                                            String url,
                                            String username,
                                            String password)

      Deprecated. since Spring 2.5. DriverManagerDataSource is primarily intended for accessing pre-registered JDBC drivers. If you need to register a new driver, consider using `SimpleDriverDataSource` instead.
      Create a new DriverManagerDataSource with the given standard DriverManager parameters.
      Parameters:
        `driverClassName` - the JDBC driver class name
        `url` - the JDBC URL to use for accessing the DriverManager
        `username` - the JDBC username to use for accessing the DriverManager
        `password` - the JDBC password to use for accessing the DriverManager

  - ### Method Detail

    - #### setDriverClassName

          public void setDriverClassName(String driverClassName)

      Set the JDBC driver class name. This driver will get initialized on startup, registering itself with the JDK's DriverManager.

      NOTE: DriverManagerDataSource is primarily intended for accessing pre-registered JDBC drivers. If you need to register a new driver, consider using `SimpleDriverDataSource` instead. Alternatively, consider initializing the JDBC driver yourself before instantiating this DataSource. The "driverClassName" property is mainly preserved for backwards compatibility, as well as for migrating between Commons DBCP and this DataSource.

      See Also:
        `DriverManager.registerDriver(java.sql.Driver)`, `SimpleDriverDataSource`

    - #### getConnectionFromDriver

          protected Connection getConnectionFromDriver(Properties props)
                                                throws SQLException

      Description copied from class: `AbstractDriverBasedDataSource`
      Obtain a Connection using the given properties.

      Template method to be implemented by subclasses.

      Specified by:
        `getConnectionFromDriver` in class `AbstractDriverBasedDataSource`
      Parameters:
        `props` - the merged connection properties
      Returns:
        the obtained Connection
      Throws:
        `SQLException` - in case of failure

    - #### getConnectionFromDriverManager

          protected Connection getConnectionFromDriverManager(String url,
                                                  Properties props)
                                                       throws SQLException

      Getting a Connection using the nasty static from DriverManager is extracted into a protected method to allow for easy unit testing.
      Throws:
        `SQLException`
      See Also:
        `DriverManager.getConnection(String, java.util.Properties)`