======================
Testing GeoDjango Apps
======================

.. versionchanged:: 1.2

In Django 1.2, the addition of :ref:`spatial-backends`
simplified the process of testing GeoDjango applications.  Specifically, testing
GeoDjango applications is now the same as :doc:`/topics/testing`.

Included in this documentation are some additional notes and settings
for :ref:`testing-postgis` and :ref:`testing-spatialite` users.

.. note::

    Django 1.1 users are still required to use a custom :setting:`TEST_RUNNER`.
    See the :ref:`testing-1.1` section for more details.

.. _testing-postgis:

PostGIS
=======

Settings
--------

.. note::

    The settings below have sensible defaults, and shouldn't require manual setting.

.. setting:: POSTGIS_TEMPLATE

``POSTGIS_TEMPLATE``
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. versionadded:: 1.1

.. versionchanged:: 1.2

This setting may be used to customize the name of the PostGIS template
database to use.  In Django versions 1.2 and above, it automatically
defaults to ``'template_postgis'`` (the same name used in the
:ref:`installation documentation <spatialdb_template>`).

.. note::

    Django 1.1 users will still have to define the :setting:`POSTGIS_TEMPLATE`
    with a value, for example::

        POSTGIS_TEMPLATE='template_postgis'

.. setting:: POSTGIS_VERSION

``POSTGIS_VERSION``
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. versionadded:: 1.1

When GeoDjango's spatial backend initializes on PostGIS, it has to perform
a SQL query to determine the version in order to figure out what
features are available.  Advanced users wishing to prevent this additional
query may set the version manually using a 3-tuple of integers specifying
the major, minor, and subminor version numbers for PostGIS.  For example,
to configure for PostGIS 1.5.2 you would use::

    POSTGIS_VERSION = (1, 5, 2)

Obtaining Sufficient Privileges
-------------------------------

Depending on your configuration, this section describes several methods to
configure a database user with sufficient privileges to run tests for
GeoDjango applications on PostgreSQL.  If your
:ref:`spatial database template <spatialdb_template>`
was created like in the instructions, then your testing database user
only needs to have the ability to create databases.  In other configurations,
you may be required to use a database superuser.

Create Database User
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

To make database user with the ability to create databases, use the
following command::

    $ createuser --createdb -R -S <user_name>

The ``-R -S`` flags indicate that we do not want the user to have the ability
to create additional users (roles) or to be a superuser, respectively.

Alternatively, you may alter an existing user's role from the SQL shell
(assuming this is done from an existing superuser account)::

    postgres# ALTER ROLE <user_name> CREATEDB NOSUPERUSER NOCREATEROLE;

Create Database Superuser
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

This may be done at the time the user is created, for example::

    $ createuser --superuser <user_name>

Or you may alter the user's role from the SQL shell (assuming this
is done from an existing superuser account)::

    postgres# ALTER ROLE <user_name> SUPERUSER;


Create Local PostgreSQL Database
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

1. Initialize database: ``initdb -D /path/to/user/db``

2. If there's already a Postgres instance on the machine, it will need
   to use a different TCP port than 5432. Edit ``postgresql.conf`` (in
   ``/path/to/user/db``) to change the database port (e.g. ``port = 5433``).

3. Start this database ``pg_ctl -D /path/to/user/db start``

Windows
-------

On Windows platforms the pgAdmin III utility may also be used as
a simple way to add superuser privileges to your database user.

By default, the PostGIS installer on Windows includes a template
spatial database entitled ``template_postgis``.

.. _testing-spatialite:

SpatiaLite
==========

.. versionadded:: 1.1

You will need to download the `initialization SQL`__ script for SpatiaLite::

    $ wget http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite/init_spatialite-2.3.zip
    $ unzip init_spatialite-2.3.zip

If ``init_spatialite-2.3.sql`` is in the same path as your project's ``manage.py``,
then all you have to do is::

    $ python manage.py test

Settings
--------

.. setting:: SPATIALITE_SQL

``SPATIALITE_SQL``
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. versionadded:: 1.1

By default, the GeoDjango test runner looks for the SpatiaLite SQL in the
same directory where it was invoked (by default the same directory where
``manage.py`` is located).  If you want to use a different location, then
you may add the following to your settings::

    SPATIALITE_SQL='/path/to/init_spatialite-2.3.sql'

__ http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite/init_spatialite-2.3.zip

.. _testing-1.1:

Testing GeoDjango Applications in 1.1
=====================================

In Django 1.1, to accommodate the extra steps required to scaffalod a
spatial database automatically, a test runner customized for GeoDjango
must be used.  To use this runner, configure :setting:`TEST_RUNNER` as follows::

    TEST_RUNNER='django.contrib.gis.tests.run_tests'

.. note::

    In order to create a spatial database, the :setting:`USER` setting
    (or :setting:`TEST_USER`, if optionally defined on Oracle) requires
    elevated privileges.  When using PostGIS or MySQL, the database user
    must have at least the ability to create databases.  When testing on Oracle,
    the user should be a superuser.

.. _geodjango-tests:

GeoDjango Tests
===============

.. versionchanged:: 1.2.4

GeoDjango's test suite may be run in one of two ways, either by itself or
with the rest of Django's :ref:`unit-tests`.

.. note::

    The :setting:`TEST_RUNNER` previously used to execute the GeoDjango
    test suite,:func:`django.contrib.gis.tests.run_gis_tests`, was deprecated
    in favor of the :class:`django.contrib.gis.tests.GeoDjangoTestSuiteRunner`
    class.

Run only GeoDjango tests
------------------------

To run *only* the tests for GeoDjango, the :setting:`TEST_RUNNER`
setting must be changed to use the
:class:`~django.contrib.gis.tests.GeoDjangoTestSuiteRunner`::

    TEST_RUNNER = 'django.contrib.gis.tests.GeoDjangoTestSuiteRunner'

Example
^^^^^^^

First, you'll need a bare-bones settings file, like below, that is
customized with your spatial database name and user::

    TEST_RUNNER = 'django.contrib.gis.tests.GeoDjangoTestSuiteRunner'

    DATABASES = {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.contrib.gis.db.backends.postgis',
            'NAME': 'a_spatial_database',
            'USER': 'db_user'
        }
    }

Assuming the above is in a file called ``postgis.py`` that is in the
the same directory as ``manage.py`` of your Django project, then
you may run the tests with the following command::

    $ python manage.py test --settings=postgis

Run with ``runtests.py``
------------------------

To have the GeoDjango tests executed when
:ref:`running the Django test suite <running-unit-tests>` with ``runtests.py``
all of the databases in the settings file must be using one of the
:ref:`spatial database backends <spatial-backends>`.

.. warning::

    Do not change the :setting:`TEST_RUNNER` setting 
    when running the GeoDjango tests with ``runtests.py``.

Example
^^^^^^^

The following is an example bare-bones settings file with spatial backends
that can be used to run the entire Django test suite, including those
in :mod:`django.contrib.gis`::

    DATABASES = {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.contrib.gis.db.backends.postgis',
            'NAME': 'geodjango',
            'USER': 'geodjango',
        },
       'other': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.contrib.gis.db.backends.postgis',
            'NAME': 'other',
            'USER': 'geodjango',
       }
    }

Assuming the settings above were in a ``postgis.py`` file in the same
directory as ``runtests.py``, then all Django and GeoDjango tests would
be performed when executing the command::

    $ ./runtests.py --settings=postgis
