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1. Support information	=>	support-information-zkewk3

1.1. Supported operating systems	=>	supported-operating-systems-rhbg35

1.2. Where to get support	=>	where-to-get-support-f3pbrb

10. Appendix A: About this document	=>	appendix-a-about-this-document-103toqs

11. Appendix B: Terminology	=>	appendix-b-terminology-h4eaf4

11.1. Application root	=>	application-root-otx6xf

11.2. Idle process	=>	idle-process-potb6g

11.3. Inactive process	=>	inactive-process-16gjv2e

12. Appendix C: Spawning methods explained	=>	appendix-c-spawning-methods-explained-owghi9

12.1. The most straightforward and traditional way: conservative spawning	=>	the-most-straightforward-and-traditional-way-conservative-spawning-1ybbli2

12.2. The smart spawning method	=>	the-smart-spawning-method-1cvu9dd

12.2.1. How it works	=>	how-it-works-672zja

12.2.2. Summary of benefits	=>	summary-of-benefits-1yrihfb

12.3. Smart spawning gotcha #1: unintentional file descriptor sharing	=>	smart-spawning-gotcha-1-unintentional-file-descriptor-sharing-z1y55l

12.3.1. Example 1: Memcached connection sharing (harmful)	=>	example-1-memcached-connection-sharing-harmful--c71wqw

12.3.2. Example 2: Log file sharing (not harmful)	=>	example-2-log-file-sharing-not-harmful--1p2yuol

12.4. Smart spawning gotcha #2: the need to revive threads	=>	smart-spawning-gotcha-2-the-need-to-revive-threads-1k6cj7d

12.5. Smart spawning gotcha #3: code load order	=>	smart-spawning-gotcha-3-code-load-order-nkotiy

2. Installing, upgrading and uninstalling Phusion Passenger	=>	installing-upgrading-and-uninstalling-phusion-passenger-laryvs

2.1. Generic installation instructions	=>	generic-installation-instructions-17jo43j

2.1.1. Overview of installation methods	=>	overview-of-installation-methods-12vnjyb

2.1.2. Preparation (gem and source tarball only)	=>	preparation-gem-and-source-tarball-only--1sxhbgg

2.1.3. Installing via the gem	=>	installing-via-the-gem-39jw1u

2.1.4. Installing via the source tarball	=>	installing-via-the-source-tarball-1cgxrqc

2.1.5. Installing via a native Linux package	=>	installing-via-a-native-linux-package-i1tmhg

2.1.6. What does the installer do?	=>	what-does-the-installer-do--3a7z1w

2.2. Operating system-specific instructions and information	=>	operating-system-specific-instructions-and-information-1dfz365

2.2.1. MacOS X	=>	macos-x-1lcpbz2

2.2.2. Ubuntu Linux	=>	ubuntu-linux-1xwc66

2.2.3. OpenSolaris	=>	opensolaris-1e0dynj

2.3. Upgrading or downgrading Phusion Passenger	=>	upgrading-or-downgrading-phusion-passenger-1dl8km6

2.4. Unloading (disabling) Phusion Passenger from Apache without uninstalling it	=>	unloading-disabling-phusion-passenger-from-apache-without-uninstalling-it-s1axnx

2.5. Uninstalling Phusion Passenger	=>	uninstalling-phusion-passenger-1qb4ssq

3. Deploying a Ruby on Rails 1.x or 2.x (but NOT Rails >= 3.x) application	=>	deploying-a-ruby-on-rails-1-x-or-2-x-but-not-rails-3-x-application-9r92hi

3.1. Deploying to a virtual host’s root	=>	deploying-to-a-virtual-host-s-root-zzo4v7

3.2. Deploying to a sub URI	=>	deploying-to-a-sub-uri-zekba6

3.3. Redeploying (restarting the Ruby on Rails application)	=>	redeploying-restarting-the-ruby-on-rails-application--m5zqc6

3.4. Migrations	=>	migrations-15238b4

3.5. Capistrano integration	=>	capistrano-integration-1o4cbyq

4. Deploying a Rack-based Ruby application (including Rails >= 3)	=>	deploying-a-rack-based-ruby-application-including-rails-3--hcs66f

4.1. Tutorial/example: writing and deploying a Hello World Rack application	=>	tutorial-example-writing-and-deploying-a-hello-world-rack-application-axp5z5

4.2. Deploying to a virtual host’s root	=>	deploying-to-a-virtual-host-s-root-ab4zj6

4.3. Deploying to a sub URI	=>	deploying-to-a-sub-uri-13rfygg

4.4. Redeploying (restarting the Rack application)	=>	redeploying-restarting-the-rack-application--18m41m1

4.5. Rackup specifications for various web frameworks	=>	rackup-specifications-for-various-web-frameworks-ndsqc2

4.5.1. Camping	=>	camping-1kxexk0

4.5.2. Halcyon	=>	halcyon-1ghnpmz

4.5.3. Mack	=>	mack-miht6b

4.5.4. Merb	=>	merb-iyj7qy

4.5.5. Ramaze	=>	ramaze-boddtj

4.5.6. Sinatra	=>	sinatra-1hubto4

5. Configuring Phusion Passenger	=>	configuring-phusion-passenger-11oztoe

5.1. PassengerRoot <directory>	=>	passengerroot-directory--sere8l

5.10. PassengerBufferResponse <on|off>	=>	passengerbufferresponse-on-off--1y7ilka

5.11. PassengerRollingRestarts <on|off>	=>	passengerrollingrestarts

5.12. PassengerResistDeploymentErrors <on|off>	=>	passengerresistdeploymenterrors

5.13. Security options	=>	security-options-1pb75ho

5.13.1. PassengerUserSwitching <on|off>	=>	passengeruserswitching

5.13.2. PassengerUser <username>	=>	passengeruser

5.13.3. PassengerGroup <group name>	=>	passengergroup

5.13.4. PassengerDefaultUser <username>	=>	passengerdefaultuser

5.13.5. PassengerDefaultGroup <group name>	=>	passengerdefaultgroup

5.13.6. PassengerFriendlyErrorPages <on|off>	=>	passengerfriendlyerrorpages

5.14. Resource control and optimization options	=>	resource-control-and-optimization-options-zu2f7u

5.14.1. PassengerMaxPoolSize <integer>	=>	passengermaxpoolsize-integer--am64q8

5.14.10. PassengerPreStart <url>	=>	passengerprestart-url--1dvgku9

5.14.11. PassengerHighPerformance <on|off>	=>	passengerhighperformance-on-off--zgc547

5.14.2. PassengerMinInstances <integer>	=>	passengermininstances-integer--wegq6b

5.14.3. PassengerMaxInstances <integer>	=>	passengermaxinstances

5.14.4. PassengerMaxInstancesPerApp <integer>	=>	passengermaxinstancesperapp

5.14.5. PassengerPoolIdleTime <integer>	=>	passengerpoolidletime-integer--a3gunq

5.14.6. PassengerMaxRequests <integer>	=>	passengermaxrequests

5.14.7. PassengerMaxRequestTime <seconds>	=>	passengermaxrequesttime-seconds--7qnz3x

5.14.8. PassengerMemoryLimit <integer>	=>	passengermemorylimit

5.14.9. PassengerStatThrottleRate <integer>	=>	passengerstatthrottlerate

5.15. Compatibility options	=>	compatibility-options-8jve5a

5.15.1. PassengerResolveSymlinksInDocumentRoot <on|off>	=>	passengerresolvesymlinksindocumentroot-on-off--1r0qcp8

5.15.2. PassengerAllowEncodedSlashes <on|off>	=>	passengerallowencodedslashes-on-off--1y3s1ww

5.16. Logging and debugging options	=>	logging-and-debugging-options-el2cuc

5.16.1. PassengerLogLevel <integer>	=>	passengerloglevel-integer--1v67p8l

5.16.2. PassengerDebugLogFile <filename>	=>	passengerdebuglogfile-filename--1tfy4z9

5.16.3. PassengerDebugger <on|off>	=>	passengerdebugger-on-off--1lgdk7g

5.17. Ruby on Rails-specific options	=>	ruby-on-rails-specific-options-1t10wfu

5.17.1. RailsAutoDetect <on|off>	=>	railsautodetect-on-off--tpigsd

5.17.2. RailsBaseURI <uri>	=>	railsbaseuri-uri--1txrw3k

5.17.3. RailsEnv <string>	=>	railsenv-string--1b0xxvu

5.17.4. RailsFrameworkSpawnerIdleTime <integer>	=>	railsframeworkspawneridletime-integer--1ai8dgq

5.17.5. RailsAppSpawnerIdleTime <integer>	=>	railsappspawneridletime-integer--1awgog1

5.18. Rack and Rails >= 3 specific options	=>	rack-specific-options-wk9qzt

5.18.1. RackAutoDetect <on|off>	=>	rackautodetect-on-off--vl1lxy

5.18.2. RackBaseURI <uri>	=>	rackbaseuri-uri--1to24pj

5.18.3. RackEnv <string>	=>	rackenv-string--vve9py

5.19. Deprecated options	=>	deprecated-options-pm9m57

5.19.1. RailsRuby	=>	railsruby-ht09ei

5.19.2. RailsUserSwitching	=>	railsuserswitching-1npx8y4

5.19.3. RailsDefaultUser	=>	railsdefaultuser-19j7n3m

5.19.4. RailsAllowModRewrite	=>	railsallowmodrewrite-1vkziro

5.19.5. RailsSpawnMethod	=>	railsspawnmethod-1aljgpa

5.2. PassengerRuby <filename>	=>	passengerruby-filename--1r3fv73

5.3. PassengerAppRoot <path/to/root>	=>	passengerapproot-path-to-root--uf24yd

5.4. PassengerSpawnMethod <string>	=>	passengerspawnmethod-string--sodg2y

5.5. PassengerUseGlobalQueue <on|off>	=>	passengeruseglobalqueue-on-off--1ki369

5.6. PassengerEnabled <on|off>	=>	passengerenabled-on-off--74rzth

5.7. PassengerTempDir <directory>	=>	passengertempdir-directory--68h2ng

5.8. PassengerUploadBufferDir <directory>	=>	passengeruploadbufferdir-directory--kdr8at

5.9. PassengerRestartDir <directory>	=>	passengerrestartdir-directory--1fmhmv0

6. Troubleshooting	=>	troubleshooting-2ihihi

6.1. Operating system-specific problems	=>	operating-system-specific-problems-327gbk

6.1.1. MacOS X: The installer cannot locate MAMP’s Apache	=>	macos-x-the-installer-cannot-locate-mamp-s-apache-or908n

6.2. Problems during installation	=>	problems-during-installation-q1vlsu

6.2.1. Ruby development headers aren’t installed	=>	ruby-development-headers-aren-t-installed-1yqrom8

6.2.2. Apache development headers aren’t installed	=>	apache-development-headers-aren-t-installed-x2473y

6.2.3. APR development headers aren’t installed	=>	apr-development-headers-aren-t-installed-13bk976

6.2.4. Phusion Passenger is using the wrong Apache during installation	=>	phusion-passenger-is-using-the-wrong-apache-during-installation-82qnt4

6.2.5. Phusion Passenger is using the wrong Ruby during installation	=>	phusion-passenger-is-using-the-wrong-ruby-during-installation-1nh3zml

6.3. Problems after installation	=>	problems-after-installation-fwd23q

6.3.1. My Rails application works on Mongrel, but not on Phusion Passenger	=>	my-rails-application-works-on-mongrel-but-not-on-phusion-passenger-1f28drx

6.3.2. Phusion Passenger has been compiled against the wrong Apache installation	=>	phusion-passenger-has-been-compiled-against-the-wrong-apache-installation-n74ce0

6.3.3. I get a "403 Forbidden" error	=>	i-get-a-403-forbidden-error-m0rlay

6.3.4. Static assets such as images and stylesheets aren’t being displayed	=>	static-assets-such-as-images-and-stylesheets-aren-t-being-displayed-uaptpi

6.3.5. The Apache error log says that the spawn manager script does not exist, or that it does not have permission to execute it	=>	the-apache-error-log-says-that-the-spawn-manager-script-does-not-exist-or-that-it-does-not-have-permission-to-execute-it-1fmoozk

6.3.6. The Rails application reports that it’s unable to start because of a permission error	=>	the-rails-application-reports-that-it-s-unable-to-start-because-of-a-permission-error-v53i6s

6.3.7. My Rails application’s log file is not being written to	=>	my-rails-application-s-log-file-is-not-being-written-to-3i747l

6.3.8. I’ve deployed my app on SSL, but the app thinks its not on SSL	=>	i-ve-deployed-my-app-on-ssl-but-the-app-thinks-its-not-on-ssl-10rvgnr

6.4. Conflicting Apache modules	=>	conflicting-apache-modules-1uwpixk

6.4.1. mod_userdir	=>	mod-userdir-x5e2te

6.4.2. MultiViews (mod_negotiation)	=>	multiviews-mod-negotiation--zchfg0

6.4.3. VirtualDocumentRoot	=>	virtualdocumentroot-14cwd7l

7. Analysis and system maintenance	=>	analysis-and-system-maintenance-qvkwzr

7.1. Inspecting memory usage	=>	inspecting-memory-usage-1bkis6i

7.2. Inspecting Phusion Passenger’s internal status	=>	inspecting-phusion-passenger-s-internal-status-ukekf7

7.3. Debugging frozen applications	=>	debugging-frozen-applications-1qsjqq7

7.4. Accessing individual application processes	=>	accessing-individual-application-processes-1p0j4jb

7.5. Attaching an IRB console to an application process	=>	attaching-an-irb-console-to-an-application-process-1cma32j

8. Tips	=>	tips-19cwwf7

8.1. User switching (security)	=>	user-switching-security--8njx1x

8.10. Upload progress	=>	upload-progress-71cyl7

8.2. Reducing memory consumption of Ruby on Rails applications by 33%	=>	reducing-memory-consumption-of-ruby-on-rails-applications-by-33--1ubxnq0

8.3. Capistrano recipe	=>	capistrano-recipe-syzgo7

8.4. Bundler support	=>	bundler-support-cf72ih

8.5. Moving Phusion Passenger to a different directory	=>	moving-phusion-passenger-to-a-different-directory-16fapwo

8.6. Installing multiple Ruby on Rails versions	=>	installing-multiple-ruby-on-rails-versions-mi5j14

8.7. Making the application restart after each request	=>	making-the-application-restart-after-each-request-183bezx

8.8. How to fix broken images/CSS/JavaScript URIs in sub-URI deployments	=>	how-to-fix-broken-images-css-javascript-uris-in-sub-uri-deployments-a63b6r

8.9. X-Sendfile support	=>	x-sendfile-support-1cgyykw

9. Under the hood	=>	under-the-hood-21ue5t

9.1. Static assets serving	=>	static-assets-serving-wo2d9v

9.2. Page caching support	=>	page-caching-support-kwq9b9

9.3. How Phusion Passenger detects whether a virtual host is a web application	=>	how-phusion-passenger-detects-whether-a-virtual-host-is-a-web-application-179mp8m

Obtaining Phusion Passenger files through a tarball	=>	obtaining-phusion-passenger-files-through-a-tarball-evcm0j

Obtaining Phusion Passenger files with RubyGems	=>	obtaining-phusion-passenger-files-with-rubygems-8fz7a8

Upgrading with native Linux packages	=>	upgrading-with-native-linux-packages-jievu8

