## Tcl8.6.0/Tk8.6.0 Documentation > Tk Commands, version 8.6.0 > message

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  NAME
    message — Create and manipulate message widgets
  SYNOPSIS
  STANDARD OPTIONS
    -anchor, anchor, Anchor
    -background or -bg, background, Background
    -borderwidth or -bd, borderWidth, BorderWidth
    -cursor, cursor, Cursor
    -font, font, Font
    -foreground or -fg, foreground, Foreground
    -highlightbackground, highlightBackground, HighlightBackground
    -highlightcolor, highlightColor, HighlightColor
    -highlightthickness, highlightThickness, HighlightThickness
    -padx, padX, Pad
    -pady, padY, Pad
    -relief, relief, Relief
    -takefocus, takeFocus, TakeFocus
    -text, text, Text
    -textvariable, textVariable, Variable
  WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS
    -aspect, aspect, Aspect
    -justify, justify, Justify
    -width, width, Width
  DESCRIPTION
  WIDGET COMMAND
    pathName cget option
    pathName configure ?option? ?value option value ...?
  DEFAULT BINDINGS
  BUGS
  SEE ALSO
  KEYWORDS

### NAME

message — Create and manipulate message widgets

### SYNOPSIS

message pathName ?options?

### STANDARD OPTIONS

-anchor, anchor, Anchor
-background or -bg, background, Background
-borderwidth or -bd, borderWidth, BorderWidth
-cursor, cursor, Cursor
-font, font, Font
-foreground or -fg, foreground, Foreground
-highlightbackground, highlightBackground, HighlightBackground
-highlightcolor, highlightColor, HighlightColor
-highlightthickness, highlightThickness, HighlightThickness
-padx, padX, Pad
-pady, padY, Pad
-relief, relief, Relief
-takefocus, takeFocus, TakeFocus
-text, text, Text
-textvariable, textVariable, Variable

### WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS

Command-Line Name: -aspect
Database Name: aspect
Database Class: Aspect
  Specifies a non-negative integer value indicating desired aspect ratio for the text. The aspect ratio is specified as 100*width/height. 100 means the text should be as wide as it is tall, 200 means the text should be twice as wide as it is tall, 50 means the text should be twice as tall as it is wide, and so on. Used to choose line length for text if -width option is not specified. Defaults to 150.

Command-Line Name: -justify
Database Name: justify
Database Class: Justify
  Specifies how to justify lines of text. Must be one of left, center, or right. Defaults to left. This option works together with the -anchor, -aspect, -padx, -pady, and -width options to provide a variety of arrangements of the text within the window. The -aspect and -width options determine the amount of screen space needed to display the text. The -anchor, -padx, and -pady options determine where this rectangular area is displayed within the widget's window, and the -justify option determines how each line is displayed within that rectangular region. For example, suppose -anchor is e and -justify is left, and that the message window is much larger than needed for the text. The text will be displayed so that the left edges of all the lines line up and the right edge of the longest line is -padx from the right side of the window; the entire text block will be centered in the vertical span of the window.

Command-Line Name: -width
Database Name: width
Database Class: Width
  Specifies the length of lines in the window. The value may have any of the forms acceptable to Tk_GetPixels. If this option has a value greater than zero then the -aspect option is ignored and the -width option determines the line length. If this option has a value less than or equal to zero, then the -aspect option determines the line length.

### DESCRIPTION

The message command creates a new window (given by the pathName argument) and makes it into a message widget. Additional options, described above, may be specified on the command line or in the option database to configure aspects of the message such as its colors, font, text, and initial relief. The message command returns its pathName argument. At the time this command is invoked, there must not exist a window named pathName, but pathName's parent must exist.

A message is a widget that displays a textual string. A message widget has three special features. First, it breaks up its string into lines in order to produce a given aspect ratio for the window. The line breaks are chosen at word boundaries wherever possible (if not even a single word would fit on a line, then the word will be split across lines). Newline characters in the string will force line breaks; they can be used, for example, to leave blank lines in the display.

The second feature of a message widget is justification. The text may be displayed left-justified (each line starts at the left side of the window), centered on a line-by-line basis, or right-justified (each line ends at the right side of the window).

The third feature of a message widget is that it handles control characters and non-printing characters specially. Tab characters are replaced with enough blank space to line up on the next 8-character boundary. Newlines cause line breaks. Other control characters (ASCII code less than 0x20) and characters not defined in the font are displayed as a four-character sequence \x hh where hh is the two-digit hexadecimal number corresponding to the character. In the unusual case where the font does not contain all of the characters in “0123456789abcdef\x” then control characters and undefined characters are not displayed at all.

### WIDGET COMMAND

The message command creates a new Tcl command whose name is pathName. This command may be used to invoke various operations on the widget. It has the following general form:

    pathName option ?arg arg ...?

Option and the args determine the exact behavior of the command. The following commands are possible for message widgets:

pathName cget option
  Returns the current value of the configuration option given by option. Option may have any of the values accepted by the message command.

pathName configure ?option? ?value option value ...?
  Query or modify the configuration options of the widget. If no option is specified, returns a list describing all of the available options for pathName (see Tk_ConfigureInfo for information on the format of this list). If option is specified with no value, then the command returns a list describing the one named option (this list will be identical to the corresponding sublist of the value returned if no option is specified). If one or more option-value pairs are specified, then the command modifies the given widget option(s) to have the given value(s); in this case the command returns an empty string. Option may have any of the values accepted by the message command.

### DEFAULT BINDINGS

When a new message is created, it has no default event bindings: messages are intended for output purposes only.

### BUGS

Tabs do not work very well with text that is centered or right-justified. The most common result is that the line is justified wrong.

### SEE ALSO

label

### KEYWORDS

message, widget
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