Wikiversity:Babel

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{{Wikiversity:Babel/Header}}
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;Discussion archive: [[/archive]]&lt;/div&gt;
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== Community Wishlist Survey 2022 ==

[[File:Community Wishlist Survey Lamp.svg|right|200px]]
The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022|Community Wishlist Survey 2022]]''' is now open!'''

This survey is the process where communities decide what the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] team should work on over the next year. We encourage everyone to submit proposals until the deadline on '''23 January''', or comment on other proposals to help make them better.
''
The communities will vote on the proposals between 28 January and 11 February.

The Community Tech team is focused on tools for experienced Wikimedia editors. You can write proposals in any language, and we will translate them for you. Thank you, and we look forward to seeing your proposals! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 18:10, 10 January 2022 (UTC)
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== Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Call for Feedback: Board of Trustees elections is now open and will close on 7 February 2022. 

With this Call for Feedback, the Movement Strategy and Governance team is taking a different approach. This approach incorporates community feedback from 2021. Instead of leading with proposals, the Call is framed around key questions from the Board of Trustees. The key questions came from the feedback about the 2021 Board of Trustees election. The intention is to inspire collective conversation and collaborative proposal development about these key questions.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections|Join the conversation.]]

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 00:33, 15 January 2022 (UTC)
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== Talk to the Community Tech ==

[[File:Community Wishlist Survey Lamp.svg|150px|right]]
{{int:Hello}}

We, the team working on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]], would like to invite you to an online meeting with us. It will take place on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20220119T1800 '''{{#time:j xg|2022-01-19}} ({{#time:l|2022-01-19}}), {{#time:H:i e|18:00|en|1}}'''] on Zoom, and will last an hour. This external system is not subject to the [[foundation:Privacy_policy|WMF Privacy Policy]]. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/85804347114 '''Click here to join'''].

'''Agenda'''

* Bring drafts of your proposals and talk to to a member of the Community Tech Team about your questions on how to improve the proposal

'''Format'''

The meeting will not be recorded or streamed. Notes without attribution will be taken and published on Meta-Wiki. The presentation (all points in the agenda except for the questions and answers) will be given in English.

We can answer questions asked in English, French, Polish, Spanish, and German. If you would like to ask questions in advance, add them [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|on the Community Wishlist Survey talk page]] or send to sgrabarczuk@wikimedia.org.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:NRodriguez (WMF)|Natalia Rodriguez]] (the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] manager) will be hosting this meeting.

'''Invitation link'''

* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/85804347114 Join online]
* Meeting ID: &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;85804347114&lt;/span&gt;
* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/keu6UeRT0T Dial by your location]
We hope to see you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 00:21, 18 January 2022 (UTC)
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== IMPORTANT: Admin activity review ==

Hello. A policy regarding the removal of &quot;advanced rights&quot; (administrator, bureaucrat, interface administrator, etc.) was adopted by [[:m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|global community consensus]] in 2013. According to this policy, the [[:m:stewards|stewards]] are reviewing administrators' activity on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis with no inactivity policy. To the best of our knowledge, your wiki does not have a formal process for removing &quot;advanced rights&quot; from inactive accounts. This means that the stewards will take care of this according to the [[:m:Admin activity review|admin activity review]].

We have determined that the following users meet the inactivity criteria (no edits and no logged actions for more than 2 years):

# Vogone (administrator)

These users will receive a notification soon, asking them to start a community discussion if they want to retain some or all of their rights. If the users do not respond, then their advanced rights will be removed by the stewards.

However, if you as a community would like to create your own activity review process superseding the global one, want to make another decision about these inactive rights holders, or already have a policy that we missed, then please notify the [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard|stewards on Meta-Wiki]] so that we know not to proceed with the rights review on your wiki. Thanks, [[User:Stanglavine|Stanglavine]] ([[User talk:Stanglavine|talk]]) 01:56, 19 January 2022 (UTC)

== Desktop Improvements update and Office Hours invitation ==

Hello. I wanted to give you an update about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements|Desktop Improvements]] project, which the Wikimedia Foundation Web team has been working on for the past few years.

The goals of the project are to make the interface more welcoming and comfortable for readers and useful for advanced users. The project consists of a series of feature improvements which make it easier to read and learn, navigate within the page, search, switch between languages, use article tabs and the user menu, and more.

The improvements are already visible by default for readers and editors on 24 wikis, including Wikipedias in [[:fr:|French]], [[:pt:|Portuguese]], and [[:fa:|Persian]]. 

The changes apply to the [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAMEE}}|useskin=vector}} Vector] skin only. [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAMEE}}|useskin=monobook}} Monobook] or [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAMEE}}|useskin=timeless}} Timeless] users are not affected.

=== Features deployed since our last update ===
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements/Features/User_menu|User menu]] - focused on making the navigation more intuitive by visually highlighting the structure of user links and their purpose.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements/Features/Sticky Header|Sticky header]] - focused on allowing access to important functionality (logging in/out, history, talk pages, etc.) without requiring people to scroll to the top of the page.

For a full list of the features the project includes, please visit our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements|project page]]. We also invite you to our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements/Updates|Updates page]].

[[File:Table_of_contents_shown_on_English_Wikipedia_02.webm|thumb|600px|center|The features deployed already and the table of contents that's currently under development]]
&lt;br clear=all&gt;

=== How to enable the improvements ===
[[File:Desktop Improvements - how to enable globally.png|thumb|[[Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|{{int:globalpreferences}}]]]]
* It is possible to opt-in individually [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|in the appearance tab within the preferences]] by unchecking the &quot;{{int:prefs-vector-enable-vector-1-label}}&quot; box. (It has to be empty.) Also, it is possible to opt-in on all wikis using the [[Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|global preferences]].
* If you think this would be good as a default for all readers and editors of this wiki, feel free to start a conversation with the community and contact me.
* On wikis where the changes are visible by default for all, logged-in users can always opt-out to the Legacy Vector. There is an easily accessible link in the sidebar of the new Vector.

=== Learn more and join our events ===
If you would like to follow the progress of our project, you can [[mw:Special:Newsletter/28/subscribe|subscribe to our newsletter]].

You can read the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements|pages of the project]], check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements/Frequently_asked_questions|our FAQ]], write on the [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements|project talk page]], and join an online meeting with us ([https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20220127T1500 '''{{#time:j xg|2022-01-27}} ({{#time:l|2022-01-27}}), {{#time:H:i e|15:00|en|1}}''']).

How to join our online meeting

* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89205402895 Join online]
* Meeting ID: &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;89205402895&lt;/span&gt;
* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/kdPQ6k2Bcm Dial by your location]

{{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}!

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Web team, [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 22:11, 24 January 2022 (UTC)
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== Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 5 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 5, January 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt;
----
Welcome to the fifth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News (formerly known as Universal Code of Conduct News)! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board elections and other relevant MSG topics.

This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly or bi-weekly to subscribers. Please remember to subscribe [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive these updates.
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;

*'''Call for Feedback about the Board elections''' - We invite you to give your feedback on the upcoming WMF Board of Trustees election. This call for feedback went live on 10th January 2022 and will be concluded on 16th February 2022. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Call for Feedback about the Board elections|continue reading]])
*'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification''' - In 2021, the WMF asked communities about how to enforce the Universal Code of Conduct policy text. The revised draft of the enforcement guidelines should be ready for community vote in March. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Universal Code of Conduct Ratification|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Strategy Implementation Grants''' - As we continue to review several interesting proposals, we encourage and welcome more proposals and ideas that target a specific initiative from the Movement Strategy recommendations. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Movement Strategy Implementation Grants|continue reading]])
*'''The New Direction for the Newsletter''' - As the UCoC Newsletter transitions into MSG Newsletter, join the facilitation team in envisioning and deciding on the new directions for this newsletter. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#The New Direction for the Newsletter|continue reading]])
*'''Diff Blogs''' - Check out the most recent publications about MSG on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Diff Blogs|continue reading]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 03:13, 29 January 2022 (UTC)
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=== Updates on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines Review ===
	
Hello, I have an update on the vote on the enforcement guidelines that was mentioned above. [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Xeno (WMF)|talk]]) 02:54, 4 February 2022 (UTC)
----
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''

Hello everyone,

The '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]]''' were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the [[m:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] across the movement. Comments about the guidelines can be shared here or [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|the Meta-wiki talk page]].

There will be conversations on Zoom on 4 February 2022 at 15:00 UTC, 25 February 2022 at 12:00 UTC, and 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Conversations|Join the UCoC project team and drafting committee members to discuss the guidelines and voting process]].'''

The [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Project#Timeline|timeline is available on Meta-wiki]]. The voting period is March 7 to 21. '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|See the voting information page for more details]].'''

Thank you to everyone who has participated so far.

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;br/&gt;
Wikimedia Foundation&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

== Leadership Development Task Force: Your feedback is appreciated ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Community Development team at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting the creation of a global, community-driven Leadership Development Task Force. The purpose of the task force is to advise leadership development work.

The team is looking for feedback about the responsibilities of the Leadership Development Task Force. This Meta page shares the proposal for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force|Leadership Development Task Force]] and how [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Participate|you can help.]] Feedback on the proposal will be collected from 7 to 25 February 2022.&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:29, 9 February 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Folklore is extended till 15th March ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
Greetings from Wiki Loves Folklore International Team,

We are pleased to inform you that [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Wiki Loves Folklore]] an international photographic contest on Wikimedia Commons has been extended till the '''15th of March 2022'''. The scope of the contest is focused on folk culture of different regions on categories, such as, but not limited to, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, etc.

We would like to have your immense participation in the photographic contest to document your local Folk culture on Wikipedia. You can also help with the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|translation]] of project pages and share a word in your local language.

Best wishes,

'''International Team'''&lt;br /&gt;
'''Wiki Loves Folklore'''

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 04:50, 22 February 2022 (UTC)
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== Coming soon ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
=== Several improvements around templates ===
Hello, from March 9, several improvements around templates will become available on your wiki:
* Fundamental improvements of the [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor template dialog]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|1]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Removing a template from a page using the VisualEditor|2]]),
* Improvements to make it easier to put a template on a page ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|3]]) (for the template dialogs in [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor]], [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor#/media/File:VectorEditorBasic-en.png|2010 Wikitext]] and [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|New Wikitext Mode]]),
* and improvements in the syntax highlighting extension [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|4]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Bracket Matching|5]]) (which is available on wikis with writing direction left-to-right).

All these changes are part of the “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]” project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. We hope they will help you in your work, and we would love to hear your feedback on the talk pages of these projects. &lt;/div&gt; - [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 12:38, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
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== Remember to Participate in the UCoC Conversations and Ratification Vote! ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|'''vote in SecurePoll from 7 to 21 March 2022''']] is scheduled as part of the ratification process for the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement guidelines. Eligible voters are invited to answer a poll question and share comments. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|Read voter information and eligibility details.]] During the poll, voters will be asked if they support the enforcement of the Universal Code of Conduct based on the proposed guidelines.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/January_2022_-_Board_of_Trustees_on_Community_ratification_of_enforcement_guidelines_of_UCoC|Wikimedia Foundation Board statement]] calls for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|ratification process]] where eligible voters will have an opportunity to support or oppose the adoption of the UCoC Enforcement guidelines in a vote. Wikimedians are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information/Volunteer|translate and share important information]]. For more information about the UCoC, please see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|project page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|frequently asked questions]] on Meta-wiki.

There are events scheduled to learn more and discuss:
* A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations/Panel_Q&amp;A|community panel]] recorded on 18 February 2022 shares perspectives from small- and medium-sized community participants.
* The [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team is hosting Conversation Hours on 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations|'''sign-up''']] to interact with the project team and the drafting committee about the updated enforcement guidelines and the ratification process. See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2022_conversation_hour_summaries|Conversation Hour summaries]] for notes from 4 February 2022 and 25 February 2022.

You can comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact either team by email: msg[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org or ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance &lt;br /&gt;
Wikimedia Foundation &lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:17, 2 March 2022 (UTC)
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== Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting open from 7 to 21 March 2022 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]].

The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The revised enforcement guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|read more about the UCoC project]].

You can also comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact the team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance

Wikimedia Foundation&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 00:52, 8 March 2022 (UTC)
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== Invitation to Hubs event: Global Conversation on 2022-03-12 at 13:00 UTC ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;Hello! 

The Movement Strategy and Governance team of the Wikimedia Foundation would like to invite you to the next event about &quot;Regional and Thematic Hubs&quot;. The Wikimedia Movement is in the process of understanding what Regional and Thematic Hubs should be. Our workshop in November was a good start ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Documentation/27 November Workshop|read the report]]), but we're not finished yet. 

Over the last weeks we conducted about 16 interviews with groups working on establishing a Hub in their context ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Dialogue|see Hubs Dialogue]]). These interviews informed a report that will serve as a foundation for discussion on March 12. The report is planned to be published on March 9.

The event will take place on March 12, 13:00 to 16:00 UTC on Zoom. Interpretation will be provided in French, Spanish, Arabic, Russian, and Portuguese. Registration is open, and will close on March 10. Anyone interested in the topic is invited to join us. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Global Conversations March 12, 2022|More information on the event on Meta-wiki]]'''.

Best regards,

[[m:User:KVaidla (WMF)|Kaarel Vaidla]]&lt;br /&gt;Movement Strategy
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

01:31, 10 March 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 ends tomorrow ==

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
International photographic contest [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022| Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]] ends on 15th March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. This is the last chance of the year to upload images about local folk culture, festival, cuisine, costume, folklore etc on Wikimedia Commons. Watch out our social media handles for regular updates and declaration of Winners. 

([https://www.facebook.com/WikiLovesFolklore/ Facebook] , [https://twitter.com/WikiFolklore Twitter ] , [https://www.instagram.com/wikilovesfolklore/ Instagram])

The writing competition Feminism and Folklore will run till 31st of March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. Write about your local folk tradition, women, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, folklore, and tradition, including ballads, folktales, fairy tales, legends, traditional song and dance, folk plays, games, seasonal events, calendar customs, folk arts, folk religion, mythology etc. on your local Wikipedia. Check if your [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|local Wikipedia is participating]]

A special competition called '''Wiki Loves Falles''' is organised in Spain and the world during 15th March 2022 till 15th April 2022 to document local folk culture and [[:en:Falles|Falles]] in Valencia, Spain. Learn more about it on  [[:ca:Viquiprojecte:Falles 2022|Catalan Wikipedia project page]].

We look forward for your immense co-operation.

Thanks 
Wiki Loves Folklore international Team
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:41, 14 March 2022 (UTC)
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== Leadership Development Working Group: Apply to join! (14 March to 10 April 2022) ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

Thank you to everyone who participated in the feedback period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group|Leadership Development Working Group]] initiative. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate#5. Summary of Call for Feedback|summary of the feedback]] can be found on Meta-wiki. This feedback will be shared with the working group to inform their work. The application period to join the Working Group is now open and will close on April 10, 2022. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Purpose_and_Structure#3._How_is_the_working_group_formed_and_structured?|review the information about the working group]], share with community members who might be interested, and '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Participate#1._How_to_participate|apply if you are interested]]'''.

Thank you,

From the Community Development team&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:20, 18 March 2022 (UTC)
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== Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting is now closed ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Greetings,

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) came to a close on 21 March 2022. Over {{#expr:2300}} Wikimedians voted across different regions of our movement. Thank you to everyone who participated in this process! The scrutinizing group is now reviewing the vote for accuracy, so please allow up to two weeks for them to finish their work.

The final results from the voting process will be announced [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results|here]], along with the relevant statistics and a summary of comments as soon as they are available. Please check out [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|the voter information page]] to learn about the next steps. You can comment on the project talk page [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on Meta-wiki]] in any language. You may also contact the UCoC project team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Best regards,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 01:53, 30 March 2022 (UTC)
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== Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 6 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 6, April 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt;
----

Welcome to the sixth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board of trustees elections and other relevant MSG topics.

This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while the more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;

*'''Leadership Development -''' A Working Group is Forming! - The application to join the Leadership Development Working Group closed on April 10th, 2022, and up to 12 community members will be selected to participate in the working group. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A1|continue reading]])
*'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification Results are out! -''' The global decision process on the enforcement of the UCoC via SecurePoll was held from 7 to 21 March. Over 2,300 eligible voters from at least 128 different home projects submitted their opinions and comments. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A2|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Discussions on Hubs -''' The Global Conversation event on Regional and Thematic Hubs was held on Saturday, March 12, and was attended by 84 diverse Wikimedians from across the movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A3|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Strategy Grants Remain Open! -''' Since the start of the year, six proposals with a total value of about $80,000 USD have been approved. Do you have a movement strategy project idea? Reach out to us! ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A4|continue reading]])
*'''The Movement Charter Drafting Committee is All Set! -''' The Committee of fifteen members which was elected in October 2021, has agreed on the essential values and methods for its work, and has started to create the outline of the Movement Charter draft. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A5|continue reading]])
*'''Introducing Movement Strategy Weekly -''' Contribute and Subscribe! - The MSG team have just launched the updates portal, which is connected to the various Movement Strategy pages on Meta-wiki. Subscriber to get  up-to-date news about the various ongoing projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A6|continue reading]])
*'''Diff Blogs -''' Check out the most recent publications about Movement Strategy on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A7|continue reading]])
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;

Also, a draft of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/draft|'''2022-23 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan''']] has been published. Input is being sought on-wiki and during [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations|'''several conversations''' with Wikimedia Foundation CEO Maryana Iskander]].

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations/Announcement|See full announcement on Meta-wiki]]. [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 01:46, 22 April 2022 (UTC)
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== Let's talk about the Desktop Improvements ==

[[File:New table of contents shown on English wikipedia.png|thumb]]
Hello!

Have you noticed that some wikis have a different desktop interface? Are you curious about the next steps? Maybe you have questions or ideas regarding the design or technical matters?

Join an online meeting with the team working on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements|Desktop Improvements]]! It will take place on '''29 April 2022 at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20220429T1300 13:00 UTC] and [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20220429T1800 18:00 UTC]''' on Zoom. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/88045453898 '''Click here to join''']. Meeting ID: 88045453898. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/kcOMICmyyA Dial by your location].

'''Agenda'''

* Update on the recent developments
* Questions and answers, discussion

'''Format'''

The meeting will not be recorded or streamed. Notes will be taken in a [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1G4tfss-JBVxyZMxGlOj5MCBhOO-0sLekquFoa2XiQb8/edit# Google Docs file]. [[mw:User:OVasileva_(WMF)|Olga Vasileva]] (the Product Manager) will be hosting this meeting. The presentation part will be given in English.

We can answer questions asked in English, French, Italian, and Polish. If you would like to ask questions in advance, add them on the [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements|talk page]] or send them to sgrabarczuk@wikimedia.org.

At this meeting, both [[foundation:Friendly_space_policy|Friendly space policy]] and the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Code_of_Conduct|Code of Conduct]] for Wikimedia technical spaces apply. Zoom is not subject to the [[foundation:Privacy_policy|WMF Privacy Policy]].

We hope to see you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 00:35, 26 April 2022 (UTC)
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== Coming soon: Improvements for templates ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--T:11--&gt;
[[File:Overview of changes in the VisualEditor template dialog by WMDE Technical Wishes.webm|thumb|Fundamental changes in the template dialog.]]
Hello, more changes around templates are coming to your wiki soon:

The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|'''template dialog''' in VisualEditor]] and in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 Wikitext Editor]] (beta) will be '''improved fundamentally''': 
This should help users understand better what the template expects, how to navigate the template, and how to add parameters. 
* [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|talk page]]

In '''syntax highlighting''' ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] extension), you can activate a '''colorblind-friendly''' color scheme with a user setting. 
* [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting#Color-blind_mode|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|talk page]]

Deployment is planned for May 10. This is the last set of improvements from [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes']] focus area “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]”. 

We would love to hear your feedback on our talk pages!
&lt;/div&gt; -- [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 11:13, 29 April 2022 (UTC)
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== Editing news 2022 #1 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;&lt;i&gt;[[metawiki:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2022/April|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/i&gt;
[[File:Junior Contributor New Topic Tool Completion Rate.png|thumb|New editors were more successful with this new tool.]]

The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#New discussion tool|New topic tool]] helps editors create new ==Sections== on discussion pages.  New editors are more successful with this new tool.  You can [[mw:Talk pages project/New topic#21 April 2022|read the report]].  Soon, the Editing team will offer this to all editors at the 20 Wikipedias that participated in the test.  You will be able to turn it off at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]].&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;

[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] 18:55, 2 May 2022 (UTC)
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== 2022 Board of Trustees Call for Candidates ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Board of Trustees seeks candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Announcement/Call_for_Candidates|'''Read more on Meta-wiki.''']]

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is here! Please consider submitting your candidacy to serve on the Board of Trustees.

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's operations. Community-and-affiliate selected trustees and Board-appointed trustees make up the Board of Trustees. Each trustee serves a three year term. The Wikimedia community has the opportunity to vote for community-and-affiliate selected trustees.

The Wikimedia community will vote to fill two seats on the Board in 2022. This is an opportunity to improve the representation, diversity, and expertise of the Board as a team.

;Who are potential candidates? Are you a potential candidate? Find out more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Apply to be a Candidate page]].

Thank you for your support, 

Movement Strategy and Governance on behalf of the Elections Committee and the Board of Trustees&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
10:39, 10 May 2022 (UTC)
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== Let's talk about the Desktop Improvements ==

[[File:WP20Symbols MediaWiki light background.svg|200px|right]]
Hello!

Have you noticed that some wikis have a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements|different desktop interface]]? Are you curious about the next steps? Maybe you have questions or ideas regarding the design or technical matters?

Join an online meeting with the team working on the Desktop Improvements! It will take place on '''17 May 2022 at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20220517T1200 12:00 UTC] and [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20220517T1900 19:00 UTC]''' on Zoom. '''[https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/86217494304 Click here to join]'''. Meeting ID: 86217494304. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/k7CirSh8W Dial by your location].

'''Agenda'''

* Update on the recent developments
* Questions and answers, discussion

'''Format'''

The meeting will not be recorded or streamed. Notes will be taken in a [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1G4tfss-JBVxyZMxGlOj5MCBhOO-0sLekquFoa2XiQb8/edit# Google Docs file]. [[mw:User:OVasileva_(WMF)|Olga Vasileva]] (the Product Manager) will be hosting this meeting. The presentation part will be given in English.

We can answer questions asked in English, Italian, Polish; also, only at the first meeting: Farsi, Vietnamese; only at the second meeting: Portuguese, Spanish, Russian. If you would like to ask questions in advance, add them on the [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements|talk page]] or send them to sgrabarczuk@wikimedia.org.

At this meeting, both [[foundation:Friendly_space_policy|Friendly space policy]] and the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Code_of_Conduct|Code of Conduct]] for Wikimedia technical spaces apply. Zoom is not subject to the [[foundation:Privacy_policy|WMF Privacy Policy]].

We hope to see you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 05:02, 14 May 2022 (UTC)
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== Revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello all,

We'd like to provide an update on the work on the Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct.  After the conclusion of the community vote on the guidelines in March, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs committee (CAC)]] of the Board [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/JAYQN3NYKCHQHONMUONYTI6WRKZFQNSC/ asked that several areas of the guidelines be reviewed for improvements] before the Board does its final review. These areas were identified based on community discussions and comments provided during the vote. The CAC also requested review of the controversial Note in 3.1 of the UCoC itself.

Once more, a big thank you to all who voted, especially to all who left constructive feedback and comments!  The project team is working with the Board to establish a timeline for this work, and will communicate this next month. 

Members of the two prior [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|UCoC Drafting Committees]] have generously offered their time to help shape improvements to the Guidelines. You can read more about them and their work [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee#Revisions_Committee|here]], as well as read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee/Phase_2_meeting_summaries#2022|summaries of their weekly meetings in 2022]]. 

Wikimedians have provided many valuable comments together with the vote and in other conversations. Given the size and diversity of the Wikimedia community, there are even more voices out there who can give ideas on how to improve the enforcement guidelines and add even more valuable ideas to the process. To help the Revisions committee identify improvements, input on several questions for the committee’s review is requested. Visit the Meta-wiki pages ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Revision_discussions|Enforcement Guidelines revision discussions]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Policy text/Revision_discussions|Policy text revision discussions]]) to get your ideas to the Committee - it is very important that viewpoints are heard from different communities before the Committee begins drafting revision proposals.

On behalf of the UCoC project team &lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 22:57, 3 June 2022 (UTC)
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== Desktop Improvements update ==

[[File:Table of contents shown on English Wikipedia 02.webm|thumb]]
; Making this the new default
Hello. I wanted to give you an update about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements|Desktop Improvements]] project, which the Wikimedia Foundation Web team has been working on for the past few years. Our work is almost finished! 🎉

We would love to see these improvements become the default for readers and editors across all wikis. &lt;span style=&quot;background-color:#fc3;&quot;&gt;In the coming weeks, we will begin conversations on more wikis, including yours. 🗓️&lt;/span&gt; We will gladly read your suggestions!

The goals of the project are to make the interface more welcoming and comfortable for readers and useful for advanced users. The project consists of a series of feature improvements which make it easier to read and learn, navigate within the page, search, switch between languages, use article tabs and the user menu, and more. The improvements are already visible by default for readers and editors on more than 30 wikis, including Wikipedias in [[:fr:|French]], [[:pt:|Portuguese]], and [[:fa:|Persian]].

The changes apply to the [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAMEE}}|useskin=vector}} Vector] skin only, although it will always be possible to revert to the previous version on an individual basis. [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAMEE}}|useskin=monobook}} Monobook] or [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAMEE}}|useskin=timeless}} Timeless] users will not notice any changes.

; The newest features
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements/Features/Table of contents|Table of contents]] - our version is easier to reach, gain context of the page, and navigate throughout the page without needing to scroll. It is currently tested across our pilot wikis.  It is also available for editors who have opted into the Vector 2022 skin.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements/Features/Page tools|Page tools]] - now, there are two types of links in the sidebar. There are actions and tools for individual pages (like [[Special:RecentChangesLinked|Related changes]]) and links of the wiki-wide nature (like [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent changes]]). We are going to separate these into two intuitive menus.
; How to enable/disable the improvements
[[File:Desktop Improvements - how to enable globally.png|thumb|[[Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|{{int:globalpreferences}}]]]]
* It is possible to opt-in individually [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|in the appearance tab within the preferences]] by selecting &quot;{{int:skinname-vector-2022}}&quot;. Also, it is possible to opt-in on all wikis using the [[Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|global preferences]].
* On wikis where the changes are visible by default for all, logged-in users can always opt-out to the Legacy Vector. There is an easily accessible link in the sidebar of the new Vector.

; Learn more and join our events

If you would like to follow the progress of our project, you can [[mw:Special:Newsletter/28/subscribe|subscribe to our newsletter]]. You can read the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements|pages of the project]], check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements/Frequently_asked_questions|our FAQ]], write on the [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements|project talk page]], and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web|join an online meeting with us]].

Thank you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 16:59, 21 June 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/MM/En_fallback&amp;oldid=23430301 --&gt;

; Join us on Tuesday

Join an online meeting with the team working on the Desktop Improvements! It will take place on '''28 June 2022 at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20220628T1200 12:00 UTC] and [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20220628T1900 19:00 UTC]''' on Zoom. '''[https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/5304280674 Click here to join]'''. Meeting ID: 5304280674. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/kc2hamfYz9 Dial by your location]. The following events will take place on 12 July and 26 July.

The meeting will not be recorded or streamed. Notes will be taken in a [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1G4tfss-JBVxyZMxGlOj5MCBhOO-0sLekquFoa2XiQb8/edit# Google Docs file] and copied to [[etherpad:p/web-team-office-hours|Etherpad]]. [[mw:User:OVasileva_(WMF)|Olga Vasileva]] (the Product Manager) will be hosting this meeting. The presentation part will be given in English. At this meeting, both [[foundation:Friendly_space_policy|Friendly space policy]] and the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Code_of_Conduct|Code of Conduct]] for Wikimedia technical spaces apply. Zoom is not subject to the [[foundation:Privacy_policy|WMF Privacy Policy]].

We can answer questions asked in English and [[mw:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web/28-06-2022|a number of other languages]]. If you would like to ask questions in advance, add them on the [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements|talk page]] or send them to sgrabarczuk{{@}}wikimedia.org. We hope to see you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 21:47, 23 June 2022 (UTC)

== Results of Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 is out! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:please-translate}}
[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]

Hi, Greetings

The winners for '''[[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' is announced!

We are happy to share with you winning images for this year's edition. This year saw over 8,584 images represented on commons in over 92 countries. Kindly see images '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Winners|here]]'''

Our profound gratitude to all the people who participated and organized local contests and photo walks for this project.

We hope to have you contribute to the campaign next year.

'''Thank you,'''

'''Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''

--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 16:12, 4 July 2022 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass ==

:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi all,

Community members in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|propose statements to use in the Election Compass.]]

An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views.

;Here is the timeline for the Election Compass:

* July 8 - 20: Community members propose statements for the Election Compass
* July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements
* July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements
* August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements
* August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements
* August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision

The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August. The Elections Committee will oversee the process, supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance team. MSG will check that the questions are clear, there are no duplicates, no typos, and so on.

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ([[User talk:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|talk]]) 11:34, 14 July 2022 (UTC)
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== Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 7 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 7, July-September 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt; 
----
Welcome to the 7th issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! The newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the implementation of Wikimedia's [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives|Movement Strategy recommendations]], other relevant topics regarding Movement governance, as well as different projects and activities supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance (MSG) team of the Wikimedia Foundation.  

The MSG Newsletter is delivered quarterly, while the more frequent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Updates|Movement Strategy Weekly]] will be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt; 

* '''Movement sustainability''': Wikimedia Foundation's annual sustainability report has been published. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A1|continue reading]])
* '''Improving user experience''': recent improvements on the desktop interface for Wikimedia projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A2|continue reading]])
* '''Safety and inclusion''': updates on the revision process of the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A3|continue reading]])
* '''Equity in decisionmaking''': reports from Hubs pilots conversations, recent progress from the Movement Charter Drafting Committee, and a new white paper for futures of participation in the Wikimedia movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A4|continue reading]])
* '''Stakeholders coordination''': launch of a helpdesk for Affiliates and volunteer communities working on content partnership. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A5|continue reading]])
* '''Leadership development''': updates on leadership projects by Wikimedia movement organizers in Brazil and Cape Verde. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A6|continue reading]])
* '''Internal knowledge management''': launch of a new portal for technical documentation and community resources. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A7|continue reading]])
* '''Innovate in free knowledge''': high-quality audiovisual resources for scientific experiments and a new toolkit to record oral transcripts. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A8|continue reading]])
* '''Evaluate, iterate, and adapt''': results from the Equity Landscape project pilot ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A9|continue reading]])
* '''Other news and updates''': a new forum to discuss Movement Strategy implementation, upcoming Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election, a new podcast to discuss Movement Strategy, and change of personnel for the Foundation's Movement Strategy and Governance team. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A10|continue reading]])
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;

Thank you for reading! [[User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 01:38, 18 July 2022 (UTC)
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== Let's talk about the Desktop Improvements ==

[[File:Vector 2022 showing language menu with a blue menu trigger and blue menu items 01.jpg|thumb]]
Join an online meeting with the team working on the [[mw:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Desktop Improvements]]! It will take place on '''26 July 2022 at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20220726T1200 12:00 UTC] and [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20220726T1900 19:00 UTC]''' on Zoom. '''[https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/5304280674 Click here to join]'''. Meeting ID: 5304280674. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/kc2hamfYz9 Dial by your location].

[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web|Read more]]. See you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 16:19, 25 July 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/MM/En_fallback&amp;oldid=23430301 --&gt;

== Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi everyone,

'''The Affiliate voting process has concluded.''' Representatives from each Affiliate organization learned about the candidates by reading candidates’ statements, reviewing candidates’ answers to questions, and considering the candidates’ ratings provided by the Analysis Committee. The selected 2022 Board of Trustees candidates are:

* Tobechukwu Precious Friday ([[:m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]])
* Farah Jack Mustaklem ([[:m:User:Fjmustak|Fjmustak]])
* Shani Evenstein Sigalov ([[:m:User:Esh77|Esh77]])
* Kunal Mehta ([[:m:User:Legoktm|Legoktm]])
* Michał Buczyński ([[:m:User:Aegis Maelstrom|Aegis Maelstrom]])
* Mike Peel ([[:m:User:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]])

You may see more information about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Results|Results]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Stats|Statistics]] of this Board election.

Please take a moment to appreciate the Affiliate Representatives and Analysis Committee members for taking part in this process and helping to grow the Board of Trustees in capacity and diversity. These hours of volunteer work connect us across understanding and perspective. Thank you for your participation.

Thank you to the community members who put themselves forward as candidates for the Board of Trustees. Considering joining the Board of Trustees is no small decision. The time and dedication candidates have shown to this point speaks to their commitment to this movement. Congratulations to those candidates who have been selected. A great amount of appreciation and gratitude for those candidates not selected. Please continue to share your leadership with Wikimedia.

Thank you to those who followed the Affiliate process for this Board election. You may review the results of the Affiliate selection process.

'''The next part of the Board election process is the community voting period.''' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022#Timeline|You may view the Board election timeline here]]. To prepare for the community voting period, there are several things community members can engage with in the following ways:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Read candidates’ statements]] and read the candidates’ answers to the questions posed by the Affiliate Representatives.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Questions_for_Candidates|Propose and select the 6 questions for candidates to answer during their video Q&amp;A]].
* See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee’s ratings of candidates on each candidate’s statement]].
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community Voting/Election Compass|Propose statements for the Election Compass]] voters can use to find which candidates best fit their principles.
* Encourage others in your community to take part in the election.

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] 14:03, 27 July 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23530132 --&gt;

== Vote for Election Compass Statements ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi all,

Volunteers in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass/Statements|vote for statements to use in the Election Compass]]. You can vote for the statements you would like to see included in the Election Compass on Meta-wiki.

An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views.

Here is the timeline for the Election Compass:

*&lt;s&gt;July 8 - 20: Volunteers propose statements for the Election Compass&lt;/s&gt;
*&lt;s&gt;July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements&lt;/s&gt;
*July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements
*August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements
*August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements
*August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision

The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August

Best, 

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] 21:01, 27 July 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23530132 --&gt;

== The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi everyone,

The Community Voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Here are some helpful links to get you the information you need to vote:

* Try the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|Election Compass]], showing how candidates stand on 15 different topics.
* Read the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|candidate statements]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Affiliate_Organization_Participation/Candidate_Questions|answers to Affiliate questions]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Learn more about the skills the Board seeks]] and how the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee found candidates align with those skills]]

If you are ready to vote, you may go to [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_Elections_2022|SecurePoll voting page]] to vote now. '''You may vote from August 23 at 00:00 UTC to September 6 at 23:59 UTC.''' To see about your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]].

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz_(WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]]
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23708360 --&gt;

== Invitation to join the Movement Strategy Forum ==

:''{{More languages}}''
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
Hello everyone,

The [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/ Movement Strategy Forum] (MS Forum) is a multilingual collaborative space for all conversations about Movement Strategy implementation. 

We are inviting all Movement participants to collaborate on the MS Forum. The goal of the forum is to build community collaboration, using an inclusive multilingual platform.

The [[m:Movement Strategy|Movement Strategy]] is a collaborative effort to imagine and build the future of the Wikimedia Movement. Anyone can contribute to the Movement Strategy, from a comment to a full-time project.

;Join this forum with your Wikimedia account, engage in conversations, and ask questions in your language.

The Movement Strategy and Governance team (MSG) launched the proposal for the MS Forum in May 2022. There was a 2-month community review period, which ended on 24 July 2022. The community review process included several questions that resulted in interesting conversations. You can read the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/ms-forum-community-review-report/1436 Community Review Report]. 

We look forward to seeing you at the MS Forum! 

Best regards,

the Movement Strategy and Governance Team

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] 11:32, 29 August 2022 (UTC)
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      <sha1>qtknnklhls0n67y4rahg9ozg9n5m1p6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Occupational Medicine for Medical Students at the Faculty of Health/University of Panama</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33745</id>
    <revision>
      <id>351526</id>
      <parentid>317606</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-29T02:10:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Weather Top Wizard</username>
        <id>40754</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>added [[Category:EN]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="30405" xml:space="preserve">Introduction
This module aims to provide students with understanding of and tools to describe and analyze how workplace risk factors determines and interacts with the worker´s health: The course shall provide insights of how to undertake clinical examens to identify work related health conditions of all types of patients and propose adequate prevention intervention advices. Further the students will understand how the primary-, secundary and tertiary prevention types interact in all patients and populations. More specifically that all diagnosis, etiology, treatment, prevention, prognosis, notification and compensation are obligatory issues for occupational- as all other medical patients.
{{book title|Tropical Occupational Medicine - in developing countries}}
&lt;!-- ### Preface ### --&gt;
== Introduction ==
[[File:Pg 14-15.0D3U6800 RT8.jpg|240px|thumb|Seafarer on board a ship.]]
[[File:Miraflores locks Panama.jpg|240px|left|thumb|Miraflores locks in the Panama Canal]]
[[File:Dole Pineapple Harvesting.jpg|240px|left|thumb|Pineapple Harvest in the Philippines]]
[[File:Sugar Cane Harvest.jpg|thumb|240px|Sugar Cane Harvest]]

The incentive to start the Wikibook was based on the increasing problem on chronic renal diseases of unknown origin among the poorest farm workers in Central America, Sri Lanka and other tropical countries 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoamerican_nephropathy - as described in this Wiki '''The Mesoamerican nephropathy''']. The victims of this deadly disease are most often among the poorest agricultural workers and we have to ask why hash´t this disease never been diagnosed as an occupational disease. Part of the answer may relate to the fact that the tropical occupational medical problems are mostly absent in the occupational medical textbooks written by authors from outside the tropical areas. There is a strong need for the development of occupational medicine in the developing tropical countries. The intention is to strengthen the development of occupational medicine as a clinical speciality and the development of an occupational health peventive culture and practice globally. No to forget that occupational accidents constitute an important part of work related health complaints, so the definition and the prevention of the work related accidents will be included here as well. All health professionals are invited to participate with linguistic corrections and by adding new texts and chapters. When the book is more developed we hope it will be used as one of the basic books for teaching occupational health in tin the tropical countries. The book is primarily in English, later in Spanish and other languages. Welcome to use and to particpate in the development of this Wikibook. Please note, that many of the headlines can be opened with links to Wikipages not to repeat what already has been well described.
[[File:Asklepios - Epidauros.jpg|thumb|Asclepius]]
[[File:Ramazzini.jpg|left|200px|thumb|Bernado Ramazzini]]

== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preventive_healthcare Preventive healthcare] ==
Occupational medicine is a medical speciality that aims for the prevention among workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions; the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health need to be studied so epidemiological research is an important part of the speciality; placing and maintenance of a worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physiological and psychological equipment and the promotion and maintenance of physical, mental and social well-being of workers.

== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_determinants_of_health| Social determinants of health (Social Medicine) ] ==
The association between socioeconomic status and health has been known for centuries &lt;ref&gt; 	Feinstein JS. The relationship between socioeconomic status and health: a review of the literature. Milbank Q. 1993;71(2):279–322. &lt;/ref&gt;. The socioeconomic derterminants of health is a sine qua non in all medical specialities includning occupational medical research and clinical practice. Socioeconomic status is related to mainly three indicators: education, income and occupational status. Powerty is a strong indicator for mental and physical occupational diseases &lt;ref&gt;1. scientificamerican1205-92.pdf [Internet]. [cited 2016 Apr 19]. Available from: http://www.nature.com.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/scientificamerican/journal/v293/n6/pdf/scientificamerican1205-92.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Today the field of social medicine is most commonly addressed by public health efforts to understand what are known as social determinants of health. [http://www.publichealthreports.org/issueopen.cfm?articleID=3078 The Social Determinants of Health: It’s Time to Consider the Causes of the Causes]. Hippocrates sought to show a connection between the climate of the area and the diseases that plagued that area, still he also must have known the impact of the socioeconomic indicators for disease &lt;ref&gt;Cruz-Coke R. [Hippocratic philosophy]. Rev Med Chil. 1999 May;127(5):611–4. &lt;/ref&gt;

== [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_thinking Critical thinking] ==
Critical thinking and asking questions is significant in academics, research and especially important in occupational medicine. One basic question for the physicians is to ask the patient about his/her job and to pursue the causalities of the disease in order to propose prevention in the branch and for the patient. Critical thinking is closely related to Evidence Based Medicine, as described below


== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence-based_medicine Evidence-Based Medicine] ==
Evidence based medical practice is an approach to clinical decision making that has gained considerable interest and influence during the decades. The phrase 'evidence based medicine' originated in the 1980s as a way of describing the problem based learning approach&lt;ref&gt;Sally Bennett and John W. Bennett The process of evidence based practice in occupational therapy: Informing clinical decision. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal (2000), 47, 171-180 &lt;/ref&gt;

== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicine What is Medicine - Wikipedia] ==

== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_medicine Definition of occupational medicine] ==

== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_disease Definiton of an occupational disease] ==

== [[/Clinical diagnostic guidelines/]] ==

== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_diagnosis Medical diagnosis] ==
Medical diagnostics is &quot;sine qua non&quot; in occupational medical practice with patients and epidemiological research. The occupational clinical diagnosis is closely related to the establishment of the causality, as the diagnostic and compensation of an occupational disease involve the diagnosis and the probability of the etiology. 

== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causality Medical causality] ==
Medical causality or etiology is &quot;sine qua non&quot; in medical practice with patients and research for adequate treatment and prevention with roots back to Aristotle [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle Wikipedia Aristotle]. Especially for occupational medicine, the development of causality is closely related to the diagnostic process of the single patients and epidemiological research. The importance of the work as possible contribution factor to many diseases was stated by Doctor B.Ramazinni from Italy some 300 years ago[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardino_Ramazzini Article in Wikipedia]

== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prognosis Medical prognosis] ==
Occupational medical prognosis and advice to the patient depend on the diagnosis, the seriousness of the disease and the specific working conditions. The occupational medical advice might include that the patient needs to change job or leave the labour market. 

== [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Code_of_Medical_Ethics Code of Medical Ethics] ==

[[File:Hippocrates.jpg|200px|right|thumb|Hippocrates]]

The international Code of Medical Ethics forms the basic content of the specific demands of ethics in all the medical specialities. The Spanish version is more elaborated than the English [http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3digo_Internacional_de_%C3%89tica_M%C3%A9dica Spanish version]. The ethics for occupational physicians are normally seen from two main viewpoints: 1) the legal standing and ethics in job execution; 2) ethics in research on occupational medicine. Among lots of guidelines we choose for a start the International Code of Ethics for Occupational Health Professionals from the [http://www.icohweb.org/site_new/multimedia/core_documents/pdf/code_ethics_eng_2012.pdf ICOH code of ethics] and the translation into Spanish [http://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/trabajo/lm-2001/lm012b.pdf ICOH Ethics code in Spanish].

== [[/Occupational diseases/]] ==
The underreporting of occupational accidents and occupational diseases, globally is well recognised. However, the degree of underreporting is especially high in Latinamerca &lt;ref&gt;Mora AM, Mora-Mora MG, Partanen T, Wesseling C. Registration of fatal occupational injuries in Costa Rica, 2005-2006. Int J Occup Environ Health. 2011 Sep;17(3):243–50. &lt;/ref&gt;.For 2010 in Panama (1,5 million economic active) 66 occupational diseases &lt;ref&gt; Vinda P, Acosta H, Alpírez M, Ureña K, Gordón C. Perfil de Salud Ocupacional Panamá. 2013 [cited 2014 Aug 7]; Available from: http://repositorio.una.ac.cr/handle/11056/8631&lt;/ref&gt;. For comparison in Denmark with 2,6 million economic actives there were reported about 20000 occupational diseases. Of course any comparison depends on a lot of different conditions on the labor market, of the definition of the inclusion criteria and the degree of underreporting. These issues will be debated in the text.

== [[/Occupational accidents/]] ==

The underreporting of occupational accidents and occupational diseases, globally is well recognised. However, the degree of underreporting is especially high in Latinamerca &lt;ref&gt;Mora AM, Mora-Mora MG, Partanen T, Wesseling C. Registration of fatal occupational injuries in Costa Rica, 2005-2006. Int J Occup Environ Health. 2011 Sep;17(3):243–50. &lt;/ref&gt;.For 2010 in Panama (1,5 million economic active) there were reported 10,311 occupational accidents, 66 occupational diseases and 135 fatal accidents &lt;ref&gt; Vinda P, Acosta H, Alpírez M, Ureña K, Gordón C. Perfil de Salud Ocupacional Panamá. 2013 [cited 2014 Aug 7]; Available from: http://repositorio.una.ac.cr/handle/11056/8631&lt;/ref&gt;. For comparison in Denmark with 2,6 million economic actives there were reported about 20000 occupational diseases, 44000 occupational accidents (at least 1 day off from work) and only 39 fatal accidents. It is supposed that the underreporting for non-fatal accidents is about 50%. From 10 different information sources the estimate was 8.3 per 100,000 in 2005 &lt;ref&gt; López-Bonilla IM1, Flores-Urbina L, Partanen T, Wesseling C. Fatal occupational injuries in Nicaragua, 2005. Int J Occup Environ Health. 2011 Jul-Sep;17(3):238-42. &lt;/ref&gt;
100,000 employed

== [[/Occupational medicine in general practice/]] ==
General practice and occupational medicine share close similarities in their focus on disease prevention and health promotion. The workforce constitutes a significant part of the population and thus the patient load of a typical primary healthcare practice. Moreover, with an ageing population and rising retirement age, we can expect that there will be an increasing number of health issues to be addressed among older working people. Both occupational and non-occupational factors are important in determining an individual's health. Thus, family physicians need to adequately understand occupational medicine and vice versa .Most occupational health care will continue to be provided by family physicians, who may also be the physicians closest to the workers and their families. There are many opportunities for family physicians to develop their skills in occupational health care and to incorporate occupational medicine into their practices&lt;ref&gt;Sng J, Lee SM, Koh D. Bridging the gap between occupational medicine and family medicine. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2008 Feb;37(2):158–61. &lt;/ref&gt;

== [[/Occupational psychiatry/]] ==
Organisational and occupational psychiatry (OOP) is the subspecialty of psychiatry that focuses on work, its importance in the lives of individuals and work organizations. The psychiatrists do many important occupational health functions. For example they help the patients to stay in the job or to get another change position without the mental hazards they have been exposed to. 
As the psychiatry include much occupational medicine, a specific chapter will be written about the occupational psychiatry. 
However there is a gap of knowledge on how much mental disease and symptoms are related to job hazards not only in Panamá but globally. Therefore it is found relevant to do a prevalence study of the proportion of mental disease associated with job hazards. The study is similar to a study planned for general practice. The objective is to answer the questions: How many per cents of the mental health disease can be related to hazards in the work-place? Why should the study be done a psychiatry hospital and not in general practice? 
The answer is that the patients in the psychiatric clinics are selected via the General Practice. So the main part of the patients have an established psychiatric diagnosis. The questionnaire page 2 is different than that for general practice. On page two the psychiatrist will mark the general area of the ICD-10 diagnosis and not the International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC) that is used for general practice. This has the methodical advance that the diagnosis is on a specialist level and less patients is needed to make conclusions about the percentage of work-related psychiatric diseases.
[https://www.dropbox.com/s/91kvy9gpojrqc5a/Psychiatry%20Encuesta%20sobre%20enfermedades%20del%20trabajo%20%20.docx Psychiatry questionnaire % related to work]

== [[/Occupational dermatology/]] ==
Dermatologic complaints are among the most common occupational illnesses. Many occupational exposures can cause skin disease. The most frequent occupational skin disease is contact dermatitis. This may be either irritant or allergic contact dermatitis but often is a combination of both. Irritations may occur from chemical factors including caustics, solvents, detergents, and even plain water. Physical factors that cause irritation include friction, repeated trauma, heat, and low humidity. Contact allergy may be caused by several thousand chemicals and substances, but relatively few agents are common causes of allergic contact dermatitis. Some of the more important include metals (nickel, cobalt, chrome), preservatives, rubber additives, and plastic components (epoxy resins, acrylates). Contact urticaria is an immediate hypersensitivity reaction distinct from allergic contact dermatitis. Latex allergy is the most well-known cause of immunologic contact urticaria, but many other substances, usually protein-based, can also cause contact urticaria. A variety of other skin conditions can also be occupationally related. Skin cancer caused by ultraviolet light (sunlight) exposure or certain chemicals can be attributed in some cases to occupational exposure. Chloracne, a specific acneiform eruption caused by exposure to various halogenated hydrocarbons, is a sensitive indicator of systemic exposure to these agents. Various cutaneous infections are seen more commonly in some occupations, such as warts in meat cutters or erysipelothrix in fishermen. Cutaneous hypopigmentation (chemical leukoderma) can be seen in certain workers who are exposed to depigmenting agents such as phenolic germicides. Systemic sclerosis has been occasionally seen in association with certain job exposures. In evaluating a patient with a possible occupational dermatosis, accurate diagnosis is essential. Certain diagnostic tests, especially the patch test, are important adjuncts to the clinical evaluation. Consideration of nonoccupational components of the disease (confounders) is necessary to arrive at a proper assessment of causation. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S104004869890000X&lt;/ref&gt;
Fowler Jr JF. Occupational dermatology. Current Problems in Dermatology. 1998 Nov;10(6):211–44.

== Company occupational medicine ==
== Occupational medical specialist clinic ==
==== [[/The OM Patient Record/]] ====
==== [[/Literature reviews/]] ====
==== [[/Clinical diagnostic guidelines/]] ====


== The needs for more public-,scientific- and political interest ==
Occupational health remains neglected in developing countries because of competing social, economic, and political challenges. Occupational health research in developing countries should recognize the social and political context of work relations, especially the fact that the majority of developing countries lack the political mechanisms to translate scientific findings into effective policies.&lt;ref&gt; Iman A. Nuwayhid.Occupational Health Research in Developing Countries: A Partner for Social Justice. Am J Public Health. 2004 November; 94(11): 1916–1921.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Impact of unions and safety representatives ==
Research on safety reps’ effectiveness and impact on occupational health lend support to the notion that trade unions, joint arrangements, and trade union representation on occupational health and
safety are associated with higher levels of compliance, lower workplace injury rates and ill-health problems, and better overall health and safety performance [https://www.google.com/search?q=unions+importance+for+occupational+health&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;oe=utf-8 Unions importance for occupational health &amp; safety]
(Shannon et al., 1997; Milgate et al., 2002; Walters 2006).

== Action research in the workplace ==
Bernardino Ramazzini (1633–1714) published his most famous book 1713, De Morbis Artificum Diatriba (Diseases of workers) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardino_Ramazzini Ramazzini] . The book is a descriptive account of working conditions in more than fifty occupations and of the diseases of workers in these occupations. Ramazzini's observations were accurate and precise, although he provided no numerical information and made statements implying rather than expressing levels of risk, so readers could not determine, for example, whether pottery was a safer occupation than knife grinding. His accounts remain a good model for occupational health. We want to continue in his footsteps by describing the working conditions in the diferent occupations and the diseases of the workers but in a modernized form, action research. The descriptions will be based on the workers own descriptions and proposals for prevention and the existing scientific evidence about the exposure hazards and the health risks. The objective is to prepare the health professionals with knowledge about the workers´daily conditions so they are well prepared to establish the correct diagnosis, identify the causal factors and so to give the best treatment and guide for prevention. And possibly notify the disease or symptoms as work-related where relevant. Further it is the aim to increase the political interest for prevention of the specific problems. 
== [[/The action research process/]] ==

== Descriptions of the health and risks in the jobs ==
* '''[[/Los trabajadores de la construcción/]]''' 
* '''[[/Los canillitas/]]''' 
* '''[http://www.uoc.edu/portal/en/uoc-news/actualitat/2016/036-e-nomads.html E-nomads]''' Workers without any fixed office that use all the avialable technological resources, always staying available are the 21st century electronic working nomads.
*
== [[/“Where are the sections on industrial/occupational hygiene?” /]] ==
There are no separate sections on industrial/occupational hygiene and why not ?” it is there - but with other words. The concepts in occupational medicine have changed over time and the concept occupational hygiene has been in some countries replaced by other words like occupational health risk assessment. Please also see the Wikibook [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Industrial_Hygiene_Association American_Industrial_Hygiene_Association] The same question can be added about Toxicology, - see more by opening the chapter.

== [[/Occupational and environmental exposure and health risks assessments|Occupational and environmental exposure and health risks assessments]] ==

== [[/Community intervention programs|Community intervention programs]] ==
[[File:Circular effect asessment.png|400px|thumb|EBM]] 
Health interventions applied on a community-wide basis have come into increasing use in public health and epidemiologic research over the past decades. The emphasis on interventions focusing on
communities has created distinct methodological challenges for researchers. Effective program evaluation is a systematic way to improve and account for public health actions. Evaluation involves procedures that are useful, feasible, ethical, and accurate &lt;ref&gt;CDC - A Framework for Program Evaluation [Internet]. [cited 2014 Jun 19]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/EVAL/framework/&lt;/ref&gt; 
It is important to develop a tool to measure success and to include these results in the promotion campaign. Even if the program is part of the global campain, it is essetial to establish goals and measure the progress against your goals. By reviewing the program’s successes and failures you can see how it has been the most effective. In conclusion there is a need to add research programs to the interventions. 
This could be an attractive research area for public health students in Panama and students from outside!

== [[/Legal regulations on health and safety at work|Legal regulations on health and safety at work]] ==

== Post-grade training courses ==
The intention is to offer short theoretical and practical courses, that are of relevance to improve the quality of the daily practice in not alone occupational medicine but all areas of medical and health practices and research
[[File:Dr._John_Snow_Cholera_Map.svg|400px|left|thumb|Dr. John Snow Cholera Map]]

== 1. Epidemiology ==
Research is an indispensable part of occupational medicine and the epidemiology is traditionally viewed as the main research tool for occupational medical researchers, practitioners and administrators. Though many other disciplines are important to occupational medicine the epidemiology is often described as the ‘basic science of public health and occupational medicine. Unfortunately the university teaching in epidemiology rarely give the students sufficient interest and understanding of the basic principles of epidemiology &lt;ref&gt;Gouda HN, Powles JW. The science of epidemiology and the methods needed for public health assessments: a review of epidemiology textbooks. BMC Public Health. 2014 Feb 10;14(1):139.&lt;/ref&gt;. Therefore we want to amend the gab of skills and knowledge by offering an integrated course in Epidemiology. The course forms the scientific base for the other three courses (see below) This course will include epidemiology as an integrated part of EBM, OM and basic research. 
[[File:EBMfr.jpg|200px|th
== 2. Evidence Based Medicine ==
The participants will learn to pose relevant questions related to medical diagnosis, treatment, prevention and research. Further to search the relevant literature, read and get the information and be able to communicate the message and the answer to the question effectively and systematically. Some useful existing reviews and guidelines for occupational medicine diagnosis will be presented and explained how they were developed.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence-based_medicine

== 3. Occupational Medicine ==
We are planning to offer short OM courses for students, nurses, physicians at the hospitals, general practice and other health professionals. Later we pretend to offer more advanced courses when the course materials are sufficiently developed. The courses will be structured like the content of this Handbook. The intention is that '''the participants will add new knowledge to the Handbook''' and get a valuable learning at the same time. The course content reflect the content of the Handbook. The aim of the course is to improve the diagnostics, treatment and prevention of occupational diseases in Panamá by application of the Evidence Based Medicine. 
After the course the participants will be better to establish the diagnosis and give attention about the notification as occupational diseases. Also be better to try to discover any relevant relation between the work hazards (psychological, physical, chemical, ergonomic etc) and the symptoms. This in order to give the best advice on how to solve the problems for the patient and how to prevent the same could happen for others. The participant will learn to edit and to add text and new chapters to the Wikibook. The homework could be to write and add a chapter to this book, for example 1) diagnostic guidelines for occupational asthma or 2) description of the work processes and health risk factors for urban bus drivers.
=== [[/Overview of the content of the courses|Overview of the content of the course]] ===

== 4. Basic research course for health professionals ==
[[File:Program Scheme.png|1000px|right|The programme for a basis course in health research]]
We are planning to offer a basic research training course for health professionals in the clinics and in the health administrations. The participants should have access to patients (handout the questionnaires) or access to administrative health data. The participants will stepwise learn how to plan and perform an epidemiological prevalence study based on a given questionnaire. See the questionnaires for general practice, dermatology and psychiatry. Training in the relevant computer programs like Epidata is included. The aim of the training is that '''the participants will add knowledge to the Handbook''' and get a relevant learning at the same time. Patient records in general practice (and health registers in the public administrations) are unique resources that can provide evidence to help to improve their understanding of research, improve patient diagnostics (attention to occupational medicine), patient treatment and prevention. We hope the course will be a valuable for general practitioners, administrative health professionals, medical and nurse students and other students so that many of them will enter in to active research activity. After the course the participants will be able to perform their own research, do literature searches and publish articles.
=== General Practice ===
[https://www.dropbox.com/s/f21j8p6gezm18rq/Encuesta%20sobre%20enfermedades%20del%20trabajo.docx Encuesta GP]

=== Dermatology ===
[https://www.dropbox.com/s/n9hf18feazl5tnu/Dermatologia%20Encuesta%20sobre%20enfermedades%20del%20trabajo%20%20.docx Encuesta dermatologia]

=== Psychiatry ===
[https://www.dropbox.com/s/91kvy9gpojrqc5a/Psychiatry%20Encuesta%20sobre%20enfermedades%20del%20trabajo%20%20.docx Encuesta psychiatria]

=== Research plan for each speciality ===
* Phase 1 Prevalence study of suspected occupational diseases (in general practice, dermatology, psychatry and rheumatology) 5 main group of industries with the standard questionnaire
* Phase 2 Prevalence study of suspected occupational diseases in the specific job categories, use of Standard Industrial classification
* Phase 3 Intervention study: Instruction is given to the physians, the list of ILO and the country specific recognised occupational diseases and compared without instruction

== [[/Research Course Programme/]] ==

== The Panamenian Journal of Public, Occupational and Environmental Health ==
[http://www.u488424.mono.net/ La Revista de la Salud Publica, Ocupacional y Ambiental de Panama]
The course participants are invited to publish their comments and scientific work in this journal. The academic requirements are less than for international indexed journals, but still contribute with important new knowledge for the development of the occupational medicine in Panama. The articles can later be published in revised form in indexed international scientific journals. Articles with relevant new original knowledge will be added to the Handbook. So there is a dynamic relation between the journal, the research courses and the Wikibook.
[http://www.u488424.mono.net/ Revista de Salud Publica, Ambiental y Ocupacional de Panama]

== [[/Articles from the investigation course 2016/]] ==

= '''Research protocols''' =

== Rules for research in the CSS hospitals in Panama ==
The documents needed for a scientific study in the CSS hospitals are the following:
# [https://www.dropbox.com/s/b1bcx1m1vetytff/01%20Formulario%20para%20someter%20protocolos%20de%20investigaci%C3%B3n.pdf?dl=0 Formulario para someter protocolos de investigación]
# [https://www.dropbox.com/s/2xwqr2wx2zf86eh/02%20Declaraci%C3%B3n%20del%20Investigador.pdf?dl=0 Declaración del Investigador.]
# [https://www.dropbox.com/s/ecievcljmjxfvc4/03%20Guia%20para%20la%20redacci%C3%B3n%20los%20protocolos%20de%20investigaci%C3%B3n%20-%20OPS.pdf?dl=0 Guia para la redacción los protocolos de investigación - OPS]
# [https://www.dropbox.com/s/88jnxvfegw79mc4/04%20Guia%20para%20redactar%20consetimiento%20informado.pdf?dl=0 Guia para redactar consetimiento informado]
# [https://www.dropbox.com/s/peql9u3isfbir2z/05%20Registro%20de%20Responsabilidades.pdf?dl=0 Registro de Responsabilidades]
#

== 1. Estimate of the size of the chronic renal disease of undetermined origin (CKDu) problem in Panama ==
[https://www.dropbox.com/s/3qsj8kp3f0h8957/1%20Protocolo%20ERCnT-1%2015%20April%202016.docx?dl=0 La insuficiencia renal crónica de causas no tradicionales ]

== 2 Clinical Case (CKDu) ==
[https://www.dropbox.com/s/v22spvykgkcrgxh/2%20Un%20caso%20clinico%20CKDu.docx Occupational Clinica Case Study protocol ]

== 3 Ethiological study on risk factors for chronic renal disease of undetermined origine ==

[https://www.dropbox.com/s/265280kwzb5ztzi/3%20Etiological%20CKDu%20casecontrol%20study%20.docx Etiological case-control study protocol]
== [[Using Wikibooks/How To Edit A Wikibook|How to edit the Wikibook]] ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}.

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      <text bytes="37554" xml:space="preserve">[[File:View from Pedrera 1.png|thumb|1450px|View from La Pedrera 1]]
[[File:Sustainable Development Goals (Lima, Peru) 1.jpg|thumb|UN Sustainable Development Goals (Lima, Peru) ]]
[[File:Tanker 17 diciembre 2005 in the Atlantic.jpg|thumb|right|Tanker in the Atlantic 2005]]
[[File:Oil platform P-51 (Brazil).jpg|thumb|Oil platform P-51 Brazil 2005]]
[[File:Seemannsclub Oase Seafarer.jpg|thumb|right |Seemannsclub Oase, Stade, Germany 2020]]
[[File:Alternate Port Concept 150605-Z-UM297-228.jpg|right |thumb|Dockworkers Pearl Harbor Hickam in Hawaii 2015]]
[[File:Wreckless divers at Kelly&amp;#039;s anchor, Whittle Rock P8290152.jpg|thumb|right |Wreckless divers at Kellys anchor, Whittle Rock 2020]]
== 1 บทนำ ==
Maritime Health Research and Education-NET (MAR-NET) เป็นเครือข่ายนักศึกษาและนักวิจัยที่ไม่แสวงหาผลกำไรเพื่อทำงานร่วมกันภายในกลุ่ม [https://omeganetcohorts.eu/ OMEGA-NET ] ประชากรเป้าหมายในการศึกษา ได้แก่ นักเรียนเดินเรือนักเดินเรือชาวประมงคนงานท่าเรือคนงานนอกชายฝั่งนักดำน้ำและความสัมพันธ์ทางสังคมของพวกเขา เราเข้าร่วมขบวนการ OMEGA-NET ที่มีจุดมุ่งหมายเพื่อเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพและรวมกลุ่มประชากรตามอาชีพอุตสาหกรรมและประชากรในระดับยุโรป แต่ยังอยู่นอกยุโรปด้วย จุดมุ่งหมายคือเพื่อเป็นรากฐานสำหรับฐานหลักฐานที่เพิ่มขึ้นสำหรับการระบุความเสี่ยงต่อสุขภาพและผลประโยชน์ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับอาชีพและการจ้างงานเพื่อเสริมสร้างกลยุทธ์และนโยบายการป้องกันที่ปลอดภัยและดีต่อสุขภาพ
เราจะติดตามและสนับสนุนเยาวชนจากโรงเรียนการเดินเรือในเครือข่ายของพวกเขา วิธีการคือเราขอให้นักเรียนเดินเรือในชั้นเรียนกรอกแบบสอบถามสั้น ๆ เกี่ยวกับสุขภาพและความเป็นอยู่ที่ดีในช่วงเริ่มต้นของการศึกษา เมื่อพวกเขาเริ่มเวลาฝึกซ้อมในทะเลพวกเขาตอบคำถามเดียวกันเพื่อระบุอิทธิพลที่มีต่อความเป็นอยู่ที่ดีบนเรือ เราวัดว่ามีกี่คนที่ออกจากอาชีพทะเลและถามพวกเขาว่าพวกเขาคิดว่าอาชีพนี้สามารถดึงดูดเยาวชนได้อย่างไร หลังจากนั้นเรายังคงถามพวกเขาต่อไปโดยใช้แบบสอบถามเดียวกันเป็นระยะ ๆ เราให้แบบสอบถามเดียวกันกับนักเรียนเดินเรือในประเทศอื่น ๆ เพื่อเปรียบเทียบและเรียนรู้จากข้อเสนอของพวกเขาเกี่ยวกับวิธีการได้รับสภาพการทำงานที่ดีที่สุด นอกจากนี้เรายังขอให้สิ่งที่จำเป็นในการสอนเพื่อช่วยให้อุตสาหกรรมสามารถให้เงื่อนไขที่ดีที่สุดแก่พวกเขาเพื่อให้พวกเขาสามารถทำงานได้อย่างปลอดภัย &quot;Cohort&quot; ถูกกำหนดไว้ในวิทยาศาสตร์ระบาดวิทยาว่าเป็นกลุ่มคนที่มีลักษณะเดียวกันในกรณีนี้จะเกิดปีเดียวกันไม่มากก็น้อยและเราจะติดต่อกับพวกเขาหลายครั้งตลอดชีวิต กลุ่มประชากรตามรุ่นเริ่มต้นด้วยคนงานทางทะเลผ่านสหภาพแรงงานและองค์กรอื่น ๆ และ บริษัท ขนส่ง ผลของการวิจัยฐานหลักฐานขั้นสูงถูกนำมาใช้ร่วมกับหลักฐานอื่น ๆ จากการศึกษาทบทวนสำหรับสื่อการสอนและการสอนที่ปรับปรุงถาวรดังที่กล่าวไว้ด้านล่าง

== 2 ลิงค์ไปยังภาษาอื่น ==
# [https://es.wikiversity.org/wiki/Investigaci%C3%B3n_y_Educaci%C3%B3n_en_Salud_Mar%C3%ADtima-NET Spanish]
# [https://fr.wikiversity.org/wiki/Recherche_et_%C3%89ducation_en_Sant%C3%A9_Maritime-NET ภาษาฝรั่งเศส]
# [https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/User:Saltrabook/Ranns%C3%B3knir_og_menntun_%C3%A1_sj%C3%A1varheilsu-NET Icelandic]
# [https://fr.wikiversity.org/wiki/Recherche_et_%C3%89ducation_en_Sant%C3%A9_Maritime-NET ภาษาฝรั่งเศส]
# [https://pt.wikiversity.org/wiki/Pesquisa_e_Educa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_em_Sa%C3%BAde_Mar%C3%ADtima-NET โปรตุเกส]
# [https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/User:Saltrabook/Maritim_Sundhedsforskning_og_Uddannelse-NET ภาษาเดนมาร์ก]

== 3 ช่วยแก้ไขหน้า ==
[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=Wikipedia:Why_create_an_account%3F โปรดช่วยแก้ไขหน้าคลิกที่นี่เพื่อสร้างบัญชีของคุณใน Wiki โดยได้รับอนุญาตให้แก้ไข]

== 4 วัตถุประสงค์ ==
# การศึกษาตามกลุ่มผู้ที่คาดหวังในอนาคตและความเสี่ยงต่อสุขภาพกับนักเรียนและคนงานทางทะเล
# ใช้โปรโตคอลมาตรฐานที่มีธีมที่แตกต่างกัน
# ประสานข้อมูลการเปิดรับและผลลัพธ์โดยใช้แบบสอบถามมาตรฐาน
# การประเมินวัตถุประสงค์และอัตนัยของการสัมผัสอันตรายในสถานที่ทำงาน
# พัฒนาและตรวจสอบเมทริกซ์การเปิดเผยงาน
# บทวิจารณ์ที่เป็นระบบและการศึกษาแบบรวมกลุ่มจากรอบการศึกษา
# Cohort-Linkage กับการตรวจสุขภาพก่อนเข้าและติดตามผลและการลงทะเบียนสุขภาพอื่น ๆ
# จัดทำสื่อการฝึกอบรมโดยพิจารณาจากผลการศึกษาตามรุ่นและแหล่งข้อมูลทางวิทยาศาสตร์อื่น ๆ
# การฝึกอบรม OHS สำหรับแพทย์ทางทะเลนักเดินเรือชาวประมงนักเรียนและคนอื่น ๆ
# บูรณาการระเบียบวิธีวิจัยในการดูแลงานวิทยานิพนธ์ของนักศึกษา

== 5 วิธี ==
กลุ่มเป้าหมายที่ศึกษา ได้แก่ โรงเรียนการเดินเรือและองค์กรแรงงานทางทะเล สำหรับแต่ละรอบจะมีการใช้แบบสอบถามมาตรฐาน 1 รายการหรือบางส่วนและใช้บางรายการเช่น &lt;br&gt;
# แบบสอบถามระบบกระดูกและกล้ามเนื้อของชาวนอร์ดิก (NMQ) &lt;br&gt;
# Nordic Safety Climate Scheme (NOSACQ-50) &lt;br&gt;
# แบบสอบถามสังคมจิตวิทยาโคเปนเฮเกน (CoPSQ) &lt;br&gt;
# แบบสอบถามสุขภาพทั่วไป (GHQ-12) &lt;br&gt;
# แบบสอบถามความถี่อาหาร (FFQ) &lt;br&gt;
# รายงานตนเองบาดเจ็บในที่ทำงาน &lt;br&gt;
# แบบสอบถามสภาพผิวของชาวนอร์ดิก (NOSQ) &lt;br&gt;
# การประเมินวัตถุประสงค์และอัตนัยของการสัมผัสอันตรายในสถานที่ทำงาน &lt;br&gt;
# การสำรวจสภาพการทำงานในยุโรป (EWCS) &lt;br&gt;
# ตัวแปรทางประชากรและสุขภาพ: อายุเพศตำแหน่งงาน / ประเภทของสถานที่ทำงานส่วนสูงน้ำหนักการสูบบุหรี่และสุขภาพโดยทั่วไปเป็นตัวแปรถาวรสำหรับการเปรียบเทียบและการวิเคราะห์ทางสถิติ &lt;br&gt;
#

== ประเด็นที่ 5.1-5.9 เป็นเอกสารการทำงานที่พัฒนาเป็นภาษาอังกฤษเท่านั้น ==

== 5.1 [[/ รายงานการประชุม /]] ==
== 5.2 [https://www.dropbox.com/s/b5il3iq86tuw64p/List%20of%20members%20MAR-NET.xlsx?dl=0 สมาชิก] ==
== 5.3 [[/ Workplan /]] ==
== 5.4 [[/ ขั้นตอนพื้นฐานสำหรับการทำงานร่วมกันในโครงการกับมหาวิทยาลัย /]] ==

== 5.5 [[/ ร่างจดหมายถึงมหาวิทยาลัยการเดินเรือ /]] ==

== 5.6 [https://www.dropbox.com/s/k2seyd1i98jv5r6/Possible%20scenarios%20for%20start%20and%20follow-up%20of%20cohorts%20.docx?dl=0 สถานการณ์ที่เป็นไปได้สำหรับการเริ่มต้นและติดตาม - กลุ่มประชากรตามรุ่น] ==
== 5.7 [[/ Draft COST protocol /]] ==
== 5.8 [[/ Draft Cohort protocols /]] ==
== 5.9 [[/ ร่าง WPs /]] ==

== 6 การมีส่วนร่วมในอุตสาหกรรม ==
# แพทย์ทางทะเลและผู้เชี่ยวชาญด้านสุขภาพทางทะเลอื่น ๆ ได้รับความรู้ล่าสุดเกี่ยวกับความเสี่ยงต่อสุขภาพในทะเลสำหรับงานและพื้นที่ทำงานเฉพาะ
# เมทริกซ์การเปิดเผยงานจะสนับสนุนพวกเขาด้วยหลักฐานที่จำเป็นในการตรวจสุขภาพตามหลักเกณฑ์ของ ILO / WHO
# บริษัท ต่างๆจะได้รับความรู้ที่อัปเดตซึ่งช่วยให้สามารถใช้กลยุทธ์และความพยายามในการป้องกันที่คุ้มค่ามากขึ้นในเมทริกซ์การเปิดเผยงาน
# MAR-NET สนับสนุนองค์กรระหว่างประเทศด้วยหลักฐานทางวิทยาศาสตร์ที่อัปเดตสำหรับการปรับปรุงอนุสัญญาและข้อบังคับระหว่างประเทศ
# MAR-NET สนับสนุนรัฐธงให้ปฏิบัติตามพันธกรณีในการตรวจสอบสภาพแวดล้อมการทำงานและการใช้ชีวิตอย่างสม่ำเสมอตามอนุสัญญาของ ILO: MLC2006 สำหรับคนเดินเรือและ C188 สำหรับชาวประมง

== 7 ข้อกำหนดทางจริยธรรม ==
กฎทางจริยธรรมสำหรับการวิจัยฐานข้อมูลในมหาวิทยาลัยที่เกี่ยวข้องและจรรยาบรรณของ ICOH เป็นไปตาม
การรักษาความลับในการจัดการข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลจะกระทำตามกฎที่กำหนดโดยหน่วยงานคุ้มครองข้อมูลแห่งชาติ โดยปกติจะไม่มีข้อมูลที่ละเอียดอ่อนส่วนบุคคลรวมอยู่ด้วยดังนั้นจึงไม่จำเป็นต้องได้รับการอนุมัติจากคณะกรรมการจริยธรรม แบบสอบถามทั้งหมดขอความยินยอมเป็นคำถามแรก ผู้บังคับบัญชาดูแลรักษาความปลอดภัยว่าข้อมูลได้รับการประมวลผลภายใต้พระราชบัญญัติการรักษาความลับทางการแพทย์เพื่อเป็นแนวทางในการปฏิบัติทางระบาดวิทยาที่ดี การไม่เปิดเผยตัวตนของผู้เข้าร่วมจะได้รับการปกป้องทุกวิถีทาง
และจะระบุไว้ในรายละเอียดโครงการ จะทำให้มั่นใจได้ว่าโต๊ะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ถูกล็อคเพื่อไม่ให้ใครเห็นข้อมูลอื่นนอกจากนักวิจัย นักวิจัยเคารพความเป็นเจ้าของข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลและแบ่งปันสิ่งพิมพ์และข้อมูลที่สะดวกและรักษาความร่วมมือที่ดีเสมอตามที่อธิบายไว้ใน [https://allea.org/code-of-conduct/#toggle-id-18 '' European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity สำหรับการควบคุมตนเองในงานวิจัยทั้งหมด 18 ฉบับ ''] [https://www.allea.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/ALLEA-European-Code-of-Conduct -for-Research-Integrity-2017.pdf '' ฉบับภาษาอังกฤษ '']

== 8 คณะกรรมการ บริษัท ==
# mai ของ MAR-NET

== 8 คณะกรรมการ บริษัท ==
# ผู้มีอำนาจในการตัดสินใจหลักของ MAR-NET คือคณะกรรมการ
# คณะกรรมการประกอบด้วยนักวิจัยสมทบและส่วนใหญ่เป็นผู้เชี่ยวชาญด้านการแพทย์อาชีวเวชศาสตร์
#

== 9 การประสานงานของกิจกรรม ==
# คณะกรรมการกระจายการประสานงานของกิจกรรมในหมู่พวกเขา
# การประชุมคณะกรรมการจะจัดขึ้นเมื่อจำเป็นในช่วงเริ่มต้นและหลังจากนั้นทุกๆ 3 เดือน
# กรรมการแต่ละคนมีหน้าที่ในการประชุมคณะกรรมการ
# นาทีสั้น ๆ จากการประชุมที่เขียนโดยตรงในระหว่างการประชุม
# แผนหนึ่งปีสำหรับกิจกรรมและการประชุมพร้อมแล้วในปลายเดือนธันวาคม

== 10 คณะกรรมการที่ปรึกษา ==
# สถาบันได้รับเชิญให้เข้าร่วมกับตัวแทนจากแต่ละสถาบัน: ILO, IMO, ITF, SIRC, Europêche, WMU และ IMHA-Board &lt;br&gt;
# การประชุมประจำปีควรเป็นการประชุมแบบซูม
#

== 11 ประตู ==
คณะกรรมการ MAR-NET กำหนดวัตถุประสงค์ที่ควรจัดลำดับความสำคัญของพื้นที่การวิจัยและคาดว่าจะได้ผลลัพธ์ใดในพื้นที่เหล่านี้

== 12 การประเมินผลกิจกรรม MAR-NET ==
คณะกรรมการ MAR-NET เข้าใจการประเมินกิจกรรมในโดเมนของตนเองทุกปี &lt;br&gt;
กรรมการแต่ละคนนำเสนอรายงานประจำปีสำหรับส่วนที่รับผิดชอบต่อคณะกรรมการในการประชุมคณะกรรมการปลายเดือนธันวาคม &lt;br&gt;

== 13 การบัญชีการเงิน ==
ไม่มีบัญชีแยกต่างหากสำหรับ MAR-NET เนื่องจากเศรษฐกิจถูกวางไว้กับแต่ละสถาบันของผู้เข้าร่วมโครงการความร่วมมือที่จัดตั้งขึ้น

== 14 แหล่งข้อมูลทางการเงิน ==
แหล่งข้อมูลทางการเงินหลักสำหรับกิจกรรมของ IMHR-NET คือทรัพยากรที่มีอยู่ของผู้เข้าร่วมแต่ละคนและฐานรากการวิจัยระดับชาติและนานาชาติ
== 15 ความผูกพันของผู้เขียนในสิ่งพิมพ์ ==
นอกจากสถาบันของตัวเองแล้วยังสามารถเพิ่มความเกี่ยวข้องกับ MAR-OMEGA-NET ได้

== 16 รายงานสถานะประจำปี ==
คณะกรรมการ MAR-NET มีหน้าที่จัดทำรายงานสถานะประจำปีที่ได้รับอนุมัติจากคณะกรรมการ บริษัท &lt;br&gt;
รายงานความคืบหน้าควรมีภาพรวมคร่าวๆของผลการดำเนินงานปีที่แล้วพร้อมลายเซ็นและวันที่

== 17 การฝึกอบรมเชิงบูรณาการเกี่ยวกับระเบียบวิธีวิจัยและการนิเทศวิทยานิพนธ์ ==
MAR-NET นำเสนอการฝึกอบรมเกี่ยวกับระเบียบวิธีวิจัยที่รวมเข้ากับการดูแลวิทยานิพนธ์ของนักเรียนซึ่งสามารถใช้แบบสอบถามมาตรฐานแบบใดแบบหนึ่งเพื่อให้นักเรียนมีส่วนร่วมในการผลิตความรู้ใหม่ ๆ ที่เกี่ยวข้องและอิงทางวิทยาศาสตร์ สิ่งนี้จะได้รับประโยชน์จากประสบการณ์ที่ดีในการดูแลของ Master of Maritime Medicine, MSc ผับ. นักศึกษาด้านสุขภาพและการเดินเรือในทะเลในสาขาวิชาที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการเดินเรือเช่น แบบสอบถาม NOSACQ-50, CoPSQ และ GHQ-12 และการฝึกอบรมและแนวทางการวิจัยแบบบูรณาการ

== 18 การศึกษาอย่างเป็นทางการ ==
มหาวิทยาลัยปริญญาโทอนุปริญญาและ [https://formacion.fueca.es/?curso=ssp19614_especialista-en-medicina-maritima-specialist-in-maritime-medicine ผู้เชี่ยวชาญด้านการแพทย์ทางทะเลมีให้บริการ] [https: //www.dropbox .com / s / fpbtbeftgdc3dz3 / 1% 20Basic% 20health% 20research% 20course% 20200% 20h.pdf? dl = 0 Diploma in Occupational, Maritime Research Methodology] เป็นส่วนบูรณาการของการนิเทศวิทยานิพนธ์ในการสำเร็จการศึกษาใน MSc PubHealth นักเรียนและปริญญาตรีในการเดินเรือ

== 19 การมีส่วนร่วมใน 17 เป้าหมายการพัฒนาที่ยั่งยืนของ UN ==
เป้าหมายที่ 3: สุขภาพและความเป็นอยู่ที่ดีของคนงานทุกคน &lt;br&gt;
เป้าหมาย 4: การศึกษาที่มีคุณภาพ &lt;br&gt;
เป้าหมาย 5: ความเท่าเทียมทางเพศ &lt;br&gt;
เป้าหมายที่ 8: งานที่มีคุณค่าและการเติบโตทางเศรษฐกิจ &lt;br&gt;
เป้าหมายที่ 10: ลดความเหลื่อมล้ำ (การปฏิบัติตาม MLC2006 และ C188) &lt;br&gt;
เป้าหมายที่ 12: การบริโภคและการผลิตอย่างรับผิดชอบ (การปล่อย SOx และ NOx ของเรือ) &lt;br&gt;
เป้าหมายที่ 14: การสังเกตสิ่งมีชีวิตใต้น้ำเกี่ยวกับการปฏิบัติตามการจัดการขยะที่ดี &lt;br&gt;
เป้าหมายที่ 17: ความร่วมมือเพื่อบรรลุเป้าหมาย &lt;br&gt;

== 20 การมีส่วนร่วมเพื่อการศึกษาที่มีคุณภาพ ==
===== สำหรับคนงานเดินเรือและอุตสาหกรรม =====
หลักฐานทางวิทยาศาสตร์ที่อัปเดตเกี่ยวกับความเสี่ยงด้านสุขภาพที่แพร่หลายและสภาวะสุขภาพบนเรือจะมีคุณสมบัติในการจัดลำดับความสำคัญของการดำเนินการป้องกันในคณะกรรมการความปลอดภัยในคณะกรรมการ บริษัท และในองค์กรของคนงาน คนงานจะได้รับประโยชน์จากแพทย์ทางทะเลที่ได้รับการปรับปรุงเพื่อทำความเข้าใจการเรียกร้องและอาการที่เป็นไปได้ของพวกเขาที่เรียกร้องให้มีการวินิจฉัยทางคลินิกและทางห้องปฏิบัติการที่เพียงพอและการแจ้งเตือนที่เป็นไปได้ว่าเป็นโรคจากการทำงาน

===== สำหรับแพทย์ทางทะเล =====
ผลลัพธ์ของการศึกษาตามกลุ่มประชากรจะเป็นส่วนสำคัญของการฝึกอบรมอย่างต่อเนื่องของแพทย์การแพทย์ทางทะเลและการฝึกอบรมสำหรับชาวประมงและนักเดินเรือ &lt;br&gt;
หากไม่มีความรู้นี้แพทย์จะไม่สามารถปฏิบัติตามภาระหน้าที่ของตนได้อย่างเพียงพอและให้คำแนะนำเชิงป้องกันสำหรับคนประจำเรือและชาวประมงตามแนวทางของ ILO / IMO เกี่ยวกับการตรวจทางการแพทย์ของคนประจำเรือและดำเนินการอย่างเพียงพอกับการแจ้งเตือนเกี่ยวกับโรคจากการทำงาน &lt;br&gt;

===== สำหรับนักเรียน =====
โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งเราใช้ผลการวิจัยด้านสุขภาพและความปลอดภัยทางทะเลเป็นพื้นฐานสำหรับการเรียนการสอนของเราสำหรับ MSc.Pub Health และนักเรียนการเดินเรือ พวกเขาเรียนรู้วิธีการวิจัยด้านอาชีวอนามัยทางทะเลโดยมีการประเมินความน่าเชื่อถือความสามารถทั่วไปและความลำเอียงประเภทต่างๆในบริบททางวิทยาศาสตร์รวมถึงความชัดเจนในการเป็นเจ้าของข้อมูล พวกเขาเรียนรู้วิธีการใช้วิธีการวิจัยในงานวิชาชีพที่กำลังจะมาถึงและวิธีค้นหาความรู้ทางวิทยาศาสตร์เพื่อแก้ปัญหาในทางปฏิบัติในชีวิตการทำงานของพวกเขา นักเรียนเดินเรือได้รับความสนใจและความรู้เกี่ยวกับวิธีการค้นหาและใช้ความรู้ทางวิทยาศาสตร์ทางทะเลเพื่อใช้ในตำแหน่งวิชาชีพในฐานะผู้นำบนเรือ

== 21 จุดแข็งและจุดอ่อน ==
ในหลายประเทศความสนใจในการเดินเรือในหมู่คนหนุ่มสาวนั้นค่อนข้างต่ำ เป็นจุดแข็งในการเริ่มต้นจากนักเดินเรือรุ่นเยาว์ที่โรงเรียนการเดินเรือเพราะพวกเขาสามารถนำมุมมองใหม่ ๆ และวิธีคิดที่แตกต่างไปสู่ธุรกิจการเดินเรือและช่วยดึงดูดนักเดินเรือรุ่นใหม่ จากข้อมูลของ Unicef ​​พบว่าพวกเขาส่วนใหญ่มีความกระตือรือร้นที่จะเรียนรู้สร้างประสบการณ์และนำทักษะไปใช้ในการทำงาน [https://www.unicef.org/thailand/stories/6-top-benefits-hiring-young-talent Unicef: 6 ประโยชน์สูงสุดในการจ้างเด็กที่มีความสามารถพิเศษ] วิธีที่ใช้นั้นง่ายต่อการใช้งานในงบประมาณที่ต่ำ เป็นจุดแข็งที่จะใช้วิธีการที่ระบุองค์ประกอบความเสี่ยงในสภาพแวดล้อมการทำงานในทันทีที่ผู้ตรวจการขนส่งไม่เห็นในท่าเรือเพื่อแก้ไขเพื่อประโยชน์ของคนเดินเรือและ บริษัท ในทางตรงกันข้ามกับการศึกษาตามการลงทะเบียนการศึกษาเหล่านี้ระบุองค์ประกอบความเสี่ยงในสภาพแวดล้อมการทำงานที่จะไม่ได้เรียนรู้จากการศึกษาตามทะเบียน นักเรียนได้เรียนรู้วิธีการใช้วิธีการวิจัยในงานวิชาชีพในภายหลังและวิธีการค้นหาความรู้ทางวิทยาศาสตร์เพื่อแก้ปัญหาในทางปฏิบัติในชีวิตการทำงานของพวกเขา นักเรียนเดินเรือได้รับความสนใจและความรู้เกี่ยวกับวิธีการค้นหาและใช้ความรู้ทางวิทยาศาสตร์ทางทะเลสำหรับตำแหน่งระดับมืออาชีพในฐานะผู้นำบนเรือ จุดอ่อนคืออัตราการตอบกลับอาจต่ำเกินไปตั้งแต่เริ่มต้นทำให้เปลี่ยนที่อยู่อีเมลทำให้เราไม่มีการติดต่อและไม่เต็มใจที่จะเข้าร่วมหรือไม่มีเวลาในรอบต่อมา จุดอ่อนอีกประการหนึ่งคือการออกแบบหน้าตัดไม่สามารถระบุความสัมพันธ์เชิงสาเหตุในการศึกษาเดี่ยวได้ อย่างไรก็ตามจากการเปรียบเทียบแบบสอบถามที่แตกต่างกันในแต่ละรอบความเสี่ยงต่อสุขภาพอาจมีอยู่ในบางส่วนของกลุ่มประชากรตามรุ่นไม่ใช่ในส่วนอื่น ๆ และจึงมีส่วนช่วยในการระบุความสัมพันธ์เชิงสาเหตุ

== 22 ลิงค์ไปยังองค์กรเอกสารและกองทุนที่เกี่ยวข้อง ==
[https://omeganetcohorts.eu/download/statement-on-research-integrity-and-responsible-research-practice/?wpdmdl=1075&amp;refresh=5f522fa85ef9e1599221672 OMEGA-NET cohorts statement on research integrity and responsible research practice ]&lt;br&gt;
[http://www.icohweb.org/site/homepage.asp ICOH International Commission on Occupational Health ] &lt;br&gt;
[http://www.icoh-epicoh.org/ EPICOH Scientific Committee on Epidemiology in Occupational Health ]&lt;br&gt; 
[https://omeganetcohorts.eu/ The OMEGA-NET Cohorts and COST ] &lt;br&gt;
[https://omeganetcohorts.eu/resources/scientific-publications/ Links to OMEGA-NET Scientific Publications] &lt;br&gt;
[https://www.heraresearcheu.eu/ The HERA network for an environmental, climate and health research agenda ]&lt;br&gt;
[https://www.cost.eu/who-we-are/mission-vision-and-values/ The COST mission vision and values] &lt;br&gt;
[https://www.europeansurveyresearch.org The European Survey Research Association] &lt;br&gt;
[https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/surveys/european-working-conditions-surveys-ewcs European Working Conditions Surveys (EWCS)]&lt;br&gt;
[https://ec.europa.eu/esf/main.jsp?catId=67&amp;langId=en&amp;newsId=9691 The European Social Fund] &lt;br&gt;
[https://www.norden.org/en/funding-opportunities/nordic-council-ministers-funding-programme-ngo-co-operation-baltic-sea-region Nordic Council Ministers Funding NGO Co-Operation Baltic Sea Region] &lt;br&gt;
[https://www.norden.org/en/information/about-funding-nordic-council-ministers Funding Nordic Council Ministers]&lt;br&gt;
[https://www.norden.org/en/funding-opportunities/nordic-council-ministers-open-call-funding-opportunity-nordic-russian-co Nordic Council Ministers Funding-opportunity Nordic-Russian Co-Operation ]&lt;br&gt;
[https://www.seafarerstrust.org/about/ ITF Seafarers Trust]&lt;br&gt; 
[https://terravivagrants.org/grant-makers/cross-cutting/nippon-foundation/ Nippon Foundation]&lt;br&gt;

==List of possible members edited last time Dec 2018 to be asked again==
Those who attended 14th International Symposium on Maritime Health, March 21 - 24, 2017 Manila, Philippines gave positive response in 2017 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|-
|  1  || Job-exposure matrixes  ||Rafi Lefkowitz     || rlefkowitz@gmail.com
|- 
|  2 ||  Philippines  || Antonio Abya     || aabaya@healthmetrics.com.ph   
|-
|  3 || Japan       || Shuji Hiasamune|| hisamune6@yahoo.co.jp     
|-
|  4 || Germany     || Clara Schlaich || praxis@schlaichpartner.de    
|-
|  5  || Germany || Marcus Oldenburg || marcus.oldenburg@bgv.hamburg.de
|-
|  6 ||Indonesia  || Dewa Nyoman Budiasa|| director@pbmcgroup.com   
|-
|  7|| Norway     || Ralf Stahlke   ||  ralf.stahlke@gmail.com    
|-
|  8 ||France || David Lucas   ||  d.lucas@metrabrest.com    
|-
|  9|| Panama || Rimsky Sucre  ||  dr.sucre@clinicaeinstein.com  
|-
|  10 ||Sweden || Ralph Nilsson   || ralph.nilsson@amm.gu.se    
|-
|  11 ||US Yale  ||  Rafi Lefkowitz   || rlefkowitz@gmail.com     
|-
| 12 || US NIOSH Maritime CDC     ||  Jennifer Lincoln  || jxw7@cdc.gov
|-
| 13 ||Venezuela       || Maite Duque   || medicina.maritima@gmail.com
|-
| 14 ||Colombia        || Enrique Castellanos   || cendiatra@gmail.com
|-
| 15 ||  Costa Rica   || Hannah Diermissen    || hannahdiermissen@gmail.com
|-
| 16 ||  Cuba   || Caristina Robaina    || naserafi@yahoo.es
|-
|}

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      <text bytes="21293" xml:space="preserve">&lt;small&gt;DEN INTERNATIONALE DIABETES OG HYPERTENSION FORSKNINGS GRUPPE FOR FISKERE, SØMÆND OG ANDRE TRANSPORTARBEJDERE&lt;/small&gt; 
&lt;ref&gt;https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/en/projects/the-international-diabetes-and-hypertension-research-group-in-sea&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Maritime_Health_Research_and_Education-NET/The_International_Type_2_Diabetes_Mellitus_and_Hypertension_Research_Group&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;small&gt;'''PROTOKOL TIL AT AFPRØVE SCREENING MED NØJAGTIGE METODER FOR DIABETES OG HYPERTENSION DIAGNOSTIK VED FIT-FOR-DUTY UNDERSØGELSERNE'''&lt;/small&gt;

Excel skema til at downloade til brug for indtastning af data &lt;ref&gt;https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1fWDiBl6_bxOBcAt6bt0YO1GTxwEUvW_e/edit?usp=sharing&amp;ouid=110601640014670950274&amp;rtpof=true&amp;sd=true&lt;/ref&gt;

Engelsk udgave af projektbeskrivelsen&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Maritime_Health_Research_and_Education-NET/The_International_Type_2_Diabetes_Mellitus_and_Hypertension_Research_Group/Screening_program_for_diabetes_type_2_and_hypertension_in_seafarers%E2%80%99_routine_medical_examinations&lt;/ref&gt;

====Baggrund====
Søfarende har stor ulighed på arbejdspladsen med øget risiko for overvægt, metabolisk syndrom, type 2-diabetes og hypertension med stort behov for tidlig og præcis diagnose og forebyggelse&lt;ref&gt;Baygi F, Djalalinia S, Qorbani M, Dejman M, Nielsen JB. Lifestyle interventions in the maritime settings: a systematic review. Environ Health Prev Med. 2020;25:10&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Baygi F, Mohammadi-Nasrabadi F, Zyriax B-C, Jensen OC, Bygvraa DA, Oldenburg M, et al. Global overview of dietary outcomes and dietary intake assessment methods in maritime settings: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2021 Aug 21;21(1):1579&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Baygi F, Mohammadi-Nasrabadi F, Zyriax B-C, Heitmann BL. Healthy nutrition for seafarers during and after COVID-19 pandemic. Int Marit Health. 2022;73(1):56–7&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Nittari G, Tomassoni D, Di Canio M, Traini E, Pirillo I, Minciacchi A et al. Overvægt blandt søfolk, der arbejder om bord på handelsskibe. BMC Public Health. 2019 Jan 9;19(1):45&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Oldenburg M, Jensen H-J, Latza U, Baur X. Koronarrisici blandt søfarende ombord på tyskflagede skibe. Int Arch Occupy Environ Health. 2008 maj;81(6):735-41&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;Tu M, Jepsen JR. Hypertension blandt danske sømænd. Health Int Marit. 2016;67(4):196–204&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;Herttua K, Ahrenfeldt LJ, Paljarvi T. Risiko for større kroniske sygdomme i transport-, rednings- og sikkerhedsindustrien: en longitudinel registerbaseret undersøgelse. Occupy Environ Med. 2022 marts; 79 (3): 162–8.
&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;Kaerlev L, Dahl S, Nielsen PS, Olsen J, Hannerz H, Jensen A, et al. Kronisk sygdom hospitalskontakter blandt danske sømænd og fiskere: en befolkningsbaseret kohorteundersøgelse. Scan J Public Health. 2007;35(5):481–9.
&lt;/ref&gt;
Hvor formålet med lægeundersøgelser, fit-for-duty undersøgelser for egnethed til tjeneste for hundrede år siden udelukkende var relateret til sikkerheden for søfarende og skibe, inspirerer ILO-retningslinjerne nu til at inkludere protokoller vedrørende søfarendes generelle sundhed. Fokus på tidlig diagnosticering og forebyggelse af type 2-diabetes og hypertension er fornuftigt baseret på evidens for, at præ-hypertension og præ-diabetes mellitus type 2 kan normaliseres med farmakologiske og ikke-farmakologiske tiltag. Screening i lægepraksis for hypertension kan give problemer med validiteten, og der er brug for mere forskning.&lt;ref&gt;Guirguis-Blake, Janelle M., Corinne V. Evans, Elizabeth M. Webber, Erin L. Coppola, Leslie A. Perdue, og Meghan Soulsby Weyrich. “Screening for Hypertension in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force”. JAMA 325, nr. 16 (27. april 2021): 1657–69. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.21669&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Ugeskriftet.dk. “To screen or not to screen – for højt blodtryk?” Set 3. april 2022. https://ugeskriftet.dk/videnskab/screen-or-not-screen-hojt-blodtryk&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Tu, Mingshan, og Jorgen Riis Jepsen. “Hypertension among Danish Seafarers”. International Maritime Health 67, nr. 4 (2016): 196–204. https://doi.org/10.5603/IMH.2016.0037&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Ny vejledning om blodtrykskontrol hos voksne med lav risiko med stadium 1 hypertension [Internet]. American College of Cardiology. [citeret 7. februar 2022]. Tilgængelig på: https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2021/06/21/13/05/http%3a%2f%2fwww.acc.org%2flatest-in-cardiology%2farticles %2f2021%2f06%2f21%2f13%2f05%2fnye retningslinjer for behandling af bp hos voksne med lav risiko med HTN stadium 1&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Rådmand MH. Ikke-farmakologisk behandling af hypertension. lancetten 1994 Jul 30;344(8918):307-11&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Taylor R, Al-Mrabeh A, Sattar N. Forståelse af vendemekanismerne ved type 2-diabetes. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019 Sep 1;7(9):726–36&lt;/ref&gt;
Den aktuelle baggrund for dette initiativ går tilbage til februar 2021 hvor præsidenten for IMHA&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Maritime_Health_Association &lt;/ref&gt; Rob Verbist med opbakning fra ''Europeche'' &lt;ref&gt;http://europeche.chil.me/&lt;/ref&gt; og ''Det Europæiske Transportarbejder Forbund'' (ETF) &lt;ref&gt;https://www.etf-europe.org&lt;/ref&gt; opfordrer ''MAHRE-Net'' &lt;ref&gt;http://mahre-net.mono.net/ &lt;/ref&gt; til at etablere en forskningsgruppe omkring en valid, tidlig diagnostik af diabetes og hypertension ved fit-for-duty undersøgelserne, at iværksætte et forebyggende program og at foretage den relevante revision af ILOs vejledning for helbredsundersøgelser af søfarende &lt;ref&gt;https://www.ilo.org/sector/Resources/codes-of-practice-and-guidelines/WCMS_174794/lang--en/index.htm&lt;/ref&gt; Problemet med betydelige fejl ved brug af urinstix til bl.a. diagnostik af diabetes er der redegjort for i tidligere publikationer&lt;ref&gt;Jensen OC, Flores A, Corman V, Canals ML, Lucas D, Denisenko I, et al. Early diagnosis of T2DM using high sensitive tests in the mandatory medical examinations for fishers, seafarers and other transport workers. Primary Care Diabetes. 2022 Feb;16(1):211–3: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34996691/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jensen OC, Flores A, Corman V, Luisa Canals M, Lucas D, Denisenko I, et al. Rethinking the use of urine dipstick for early diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 2022 Jan;109222 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35114298/&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Wei, Ooi Yau og Stewart Teece. &quot;Urinpinde  ved screening for diabetes mellitus&quot;. Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ 23, nr. 2 (februar 2006): 138. https://doi.org/10.1136/emj.2005.033456 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2564040/ 
&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Friderichsen, Bolette, og Margareta Maunsbach.&quot;Glykosuriske test bør ikke anvendes i befolkningsscreeninger for NIDDM&quot;. Journal of Public Health 19, nr. 1 (1. marts 1997): 55-60. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubmed.a024588&lt;/ref&gt;. Hensigten med denne pilot undersøgelse er at beskrive og afprøve hvordan en præcis diagnostik af diabetes og hypertension i forskellige stadier og registrering af risikofaktorer kan integreres ved fit-for-duty undersøgelserne.

====Formål====
# At integrere en test for diabetes type 2, med en blodprøve for Hb1Ac, Faste Blodsukker eller Glukosemeter , præcist blodtryk og risikofaktorer
# At afprøve, hvordan denne proces fungerer ved helbredsundersøgelserne, hvor tidskrævende er det at registrere de kliniske oplysninger
# At udvikle et &quot;Green-Ship&quot; program med uddannelse og arbejdsrutiner så medarbejdere med Diabetes Type 2 og Hypertension kan fortsætte arbejdet i velbehandlet status. 
# At registrere arbejdsfunktioner fx skippere med siddende arbejde, højere risiko for HTN og DMT2 med særlig hensyntagen i forebyggelsen
# At bruge de registrerede data i den daglige kliniske vurdering, behandling og at centralisere data til forskning

====Uddannelse og træning i sundhedsfremme og sikkerhed for maritime læger og søfarende====
Hensigten er at udvikle online-uddannelses- og træningsprogrammer for søfarende, maritime læger og andre relevante grupper hovedsageligt baseret på tilgængelige materialer som &quot;Marihealth-project&quot;&lt;ref&gt;https://marihealth-project.maritimehealth.org/&lt;/ref&gt;, MARIWEL-kurserne&lt;ref&gt;https://mariwel.wmu.se/&lt;/ref&gt;og de 7 måder at gøre sunde vaner til en prioritet på havet&lt;ref&gt;https://safety4sea.com/7-ways-to -make-healthy-habits-a-priority-when-at-sea/&lt;/ref&gt;og det afsluttede &quot;E-Healthy Ship Hamburg &lt;ref&gt;https://www.e-healthy-ship.eu/de/start/&lt;/ref&gt;, understøttet af forslag om, hvad der bør gøres. 
&lt;ref&gt;https://journals.viamedica.pl/international_maritime_health/article/viewFile/26296/21090&lt;/ref&gt;the MariHealth EU project og en artikel fra et dansk Ph.D project&lt;ref&gt;https://marihealth-project.maritimehealth.org/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-13-1165&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.google.com/search?q=lulu+hjarn%C3%B8+ph.d.+health+promotion+in+the+danish+maritime+setting%3A+challenges+and+possibilities+for+changing+lifestyle+behavior+and+health+among+seafarers+lulu+hjarnoe+ph.d.&amp;rlz=1C5CHFA_enPA874PA874&amp;oq=&amp;aqs=chrome.0.35i39i362l8.121468644j0j7&amp;sourceid=chrome&amp;ie=UTF-8&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://journals.viamedica.pl/international_maritime_health/article/view/IMH.2017.0019/42475&lt;/ref&gt; For blot at nævne nogle få eksempler af mange bidrag til emnet. Et internationalt online seminar om emnet vil blive planlagt.
[[File:Table 1 Clinical variables 28-3 2022.png|thumb|385px|Table 1 Clinical variables to be recorded in screening for hypertension and diabetes T228/3 2022]]
[[File:On Board ONLINE EDUCATION AND TRAINING.png|thumb|385px|Figure 1 On Board Online Health Education and Training]]
[[File:Figure 1- Maritime medical doctor in dialogue with seafarer.png|thumb|500px|Figure 2 Maritime medical doctor in dialogue with seafarer]]
[[File:Screening for DMT2 and HTN.png|thumb|500px|Figure 3 Screening for Diabetes and Hypertension in &quot;Green-ship&quot; health promotion for seafarers]]

====Mål====
Systematisering og centralisering af resultaterne fra de rutinemæssige lægeundersøgelser for forskellige job grupper til brug for uddannelse/træning, forskning og planlægning af &quot;Green-ship&quot;

====Undersøgelses design====
Tværsnits undersøgelse ved hjælp af data indsamlet i de maritime sundhedsklinikker, hovedsagelig i lægepraksis.

====Tidsramme for dataindsamling====
Pilot dataindsamling efter aftale i 2022

====Inklusionskriterier====
# Alle søfarende og fiskere, der kommer til rutinemæssige helbredsundersøgelser, er inkluderet i pilotundersøgelsen i 2022
# Alle er inkluderet uanset alder og risikostatus, for eksempel ikke kun dem med synlig højere risikostatus for eksempel med fedme og ældre
# Dem med normale lab-resultater i testen indgår som positiv diabetes/hypertension, hvis de har svaret ja i interviewskemaet til at de bruger diabetes og eller anti-hypertensiv medicin

====Demografi====
Køn, alder, nationalitet,

====Data for arbejdsområde om bord====
Data indsamles for at kunne vurdere niveau helbredsrisiko for forskellige arbejdsområder: Kyst fisker bro (kaptajn) =11; Kyst Fisker ikke kaptajn =1; Dybhavsfisker (kaptajn)= 12; Dybhavsfisker Ikke bro=2; Søfarende (navigatør)  =3; Søfarende på dæk = 4; Maskinmester/assistent= 5; Dykker=6; Off-shore =7

====Personlig sundhedsfremme====
Rygning (ikke ryger/tidligere ryger/ryger) indtag af frugt og grøntsager (høj/lidt/ingen) og fysisk aktivitet (høj/lidt/ingen)

====Laboratoriedata====
Højde, vægt --&gt;BMI, glykeret hæmoglobin (HbA1c), talje omkreds, blodtryk,
Hvis fastende plasmaglukose (FPG) tages i klinikken pr. rutine, tages resultatet med i Excel arket til sammenligning af forskel i prævalens med de to metoder. 
Excel skema til at downloade til brug for indtastning af data &lt;ref&gt;https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1fWDiBl6_bxOBcAt6bt0YO1GTxwEUvW_e/edit?usp=sharing&amp;ouid=110601640014670950274&amp;rtpof=true&amp;sd=true&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Table 2 Clinical data limits HTN &amp; T2D.png|thumb|500px|Figure 4: Clinical data T2D &amp; HTN limits]]
[[File:TABLE Clinical data record scheme for screening of HTN and T2DM at PEME.png|thumb|500px|Clinical data record scheme for screening of HTN and T2DM at PEME]]
====Dataindsamling ====
# Laboratoriedata som ovenfor
# Personoplysninger fra standard skema ved ankomsten om brug af medicin mod diabetes og/eller hypertension
# Excel-datablad til brug i pilotprojektet&lt;ref&gt;https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1cYQT0b812Damia-0NyKY_eAFl9Xv40UZ/edit?usp=sharing&amp;ouid=110601640014670950274&amp;rtpof=true&amp;sd=true&lt;/ref&gt;
# Lægen reducerer den administrative arbejdstid med hjælp fra klinikpersonalet
# Dataindsamlingen kan opdeles i tidsperioder, f.eks. hver anden måned og stadig beholde en tilfældig stikprøve
====Nøjagtig måling af blodtryk====
Nøjagtig måling af blodtryk er afgørende for at klassificere individer, for at fastslå blodtryksrelateret risiko og for at vejlede behandling og forebyggelsen. Den auskultatoriske teknik med en trænet observatør og kviksølvs manometer er fortsat den foretrukne metode til måling på kontoret ved at bruge den første og femte fase af Korotkoff-lyden. Brugen af ​​kviksølv er faldende, og der er behov for alternativer. Aneroid enheder er velegnede, men de kræver hyppig kalibrering. Hybride enheder, der bruger elektroniske transducere i stedet for kviksølv, lover. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Pickering|first=Thomas G.|sidste2=Hall|first2=John E.|last3=Appel|first3=Lawrence J.|sidste4=Falkner|first4=Bonita E.|sidste5= Graves|first5=John|sidste6=Back|first6=Martha N.|sidste7=Jones|første7=Daniel W.|last8=Kurtz|første8=Theodore|sidste9=Sheps|første9=Sheldon G.|dato=2005-02- 08|title=Anbefalinger til blodtryksmåling hos mennesker og forsøgsdyr|url=https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/01.cir.0000154900.76284.f6|journal=Circulation|volume=111|issue =5|pages=697–716|doi=10.1161/01.CIR.0000154900.76284.F6}}&lt;/ref&gt; Retningslinjer for diagnosticering af HTN anbefaler visse aspekter, som vi skal tage højde for, og visse ting, som vi skal undgå:
# I de 30 minutter før dit blodtryk tages, ingen rygning, ingen koffein og ingen motion. Sid stille i de 5 minutter før dit blodtryk tages.
# Under blodtrykket skal du sørge for, at manchetten har den rigtige størrelse og på det rigtige sted, hold din arm med manchet på en flad overflade, som et bord og i hjertehøjde, sæt dig oprejst, fødderne fladt på gulvet og tal ikke&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.heart.org/en/news/2020/05/22/how-to-accurately-measure-blood-pressure-at-home|title=How to mål nøjagtigt blodtrykket derhjemme|website=www.heart.org|language=da|access-date=2022-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Sid med ret ryg
# Undgå alkohol &gt; 4 genstande dagen før
'''Undgå disse ting:'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Handler|first=Joel|date=2009|title=Vigtigheden af ​​nøjagtig blodtryksmåling|url=https://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2911816/|journal=The Permanente Journal|bind=13|issue=3|pages=51–54|issn=1552-5767|pmc=2911816|pmid=20740091}&lt;/ref&gt;
# At lægge manchetten over tøjet i stedet for en bar arm kan tilføje 10-40 mm Hg til en måling.
# At have en fuld blære kan tilføje 10-15 mm Hg.
# At tale eller have en samtale: yderligere 10-15 mm Hg.
# Undladelse af at støtte armen i hjertehøjde kan tilføje 10 mm Hg.
# En ustøttet ryg kan øge en måling med 5-10 mm Hg. Det samme område gælder for fødder, der hænger ved et eksamensbord eller en høj stol.
# Krydsende ben betyder ekstra 2-8 mm Hg


====Beskyttelse af personlige data====
Fortrolighed i håndteringen af personoplysninger er i overensstemmelse med de nationale myndigheders regler og den generelle forordning for databeskyttelse (GDPR). Der indgår ingen personfølsomme oplysninger i det datasæt, der gives til forskerne, så godkendelse fra Den Etiske Komité er oftest ikke nødvendig (afhænger af nationale regler). Alle spørgeskemaer beder om informeret samtykke som det første spørgsmål. Data i dette projekt svarer til de data der bliver indsamlet i lægepraksis som en del af et igangværende kvalitets sikrings system i almen praksis KiAP. Persondata er enhver form for information om en identificerbar person, såsom navn, e-mail, personligt identifikationsnummer, adresse, helbredsoplysninger, race eller seksuel orientering mv. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.kiap.dk/kiap/klynge/klyngekoordinator/hjaelp/jura.php.&lt;/ref&gt;Data om patienterne er aggregerede til et niveau, hvor de er anonyme og ikke er omfattet af GDPR. Hvis klyngen og de enkelte praksis i klyngen kan tilgå data, der er aggregeret for det enkelte ydernummer på en måde, der ikke gør det mulig at identificere enkelte patienter, er der tale om ''statistiske oplysninger'' for så vidt angår patienterne og personoplysninger i forhold til lægen, der er identificeret via sit ydernummer(Ifølge den juridiske vurdering). Her vil det blive tilstræbt '''ikke at anvende persondata''', dvs alle muligheder for at identificere personer i data skal fjernes. I alle tilfælde vil anmeldelse vdr. indsamling eller alene behandling af data blive anmeldt til RIO SDU. Ved tvivl om hvorvidt alle sikkerhedsforanstaltninger er etableret spørges juristerne i SDU RIO og tilsvarende enheder på de andre universiteter. Juristerne på SDU RIO undersøger og godkender registrering af forskningsprojekter, der behandler personoplysninger. 
&lt;ref&gt;https://www.kiap.dk/resources/files/klynge/administration/vejledning/juridiske_rammer_for_data_til_klyngerne.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.kiap.dk/kiap/klynge/klyngekoordinator/hjaelp/jura.php&lt;/ref&gt;

====Diagnostik====
Ændringer er nødvendige i uddannelsesplanen for maritime læger og de internationale og nationale retningslinjer&lt;ref&gt;Jensen OC, Flores A, Corman V, Canals ML, Lucas D, Denisenko I, et al. Early diagnosis of T2DM using high sensitive tests in the mandatory medical examinations for fishers, seafarers and other transport workers. Primary Care Diabetes. 2022 Feb;16(1):211–3: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34996691/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jensen OC, Flores A, Corman V, Luisa Canals M, Lucas D, Denisenko I, et al. Rethinking the use of urine dipstick for early diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 2022 Jan;109222 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35114298/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Wei, Ooi Yau og Stewart Teece. &quot;Urinpinde ved screening for diabetes mellitus&quot;. Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ 23, nr. 2 (februar 2006): 138. https://doi.org/10.1136/emj.2005.033456&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Friderichsen, Bolette, og Margareta Maunsbach.&quot;Glykosuriske test bør ikke anvendes i befolkningsscreeninger for NIDDM&quot;. Journal of Public Health 19, nr. 1 (1. marts 1997): 55-60. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubmed.a024588&lt;/ref&gt;.
# Én Hb1Ac-test på (5,7%-6,4% = pre-diabetes) Diabetes ≥ 6.5% er tilstrækkelig til at bekræfte diagnosen (Figur 4)
# Forebyggende rådgivning med adgang til online information gives for at holde diabetes og hypertension under kontrol og for at holde sig i form til arbejdet
[https://www.diabetes.org/a1c/diagnosis '''American Diabetes Association'''] [https://endocrinology.dk/ '''Danish Endocrinological Society'''] og '''International Society of Hypertension Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines'''&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Unger T, Borghi C, Charchar F, Khan NA, Poulter NR, Prabhakaran D, et al. 2020 International Society of Hypertension Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines. Forhøjet blodtryk. 2020 Jun;75(6):1334–57 https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15026&lt;/ref&gt;

====Forebyggelse====
Simple livsstilsforanstaltninger har vist sig at være effektive til at forebygge eller forsinke starten af type 2-diabetes og hypertension. For at hjælpe med at forhindre type 2-diabetes og dens komplikationer bør folk:
# Opnå og opretholde en sund kropsvægt
# Fysisk aktiv – lav mindst 30 minutters regelmæssig aktivitet med moderat intensitet på de fleste dage. Der kræves mere aktivitet for vægtkontrol
# Spis en sund kost, undgå sukker og mættet fedt; og
# Undgå tobaksbrug – rygning øger risikoen for diabetes og hjerte-kar-sygdomme En test, HbA1c er tilstrækkelig til at diagnosticere diabetes. En positiv diagnose kan stilles, hvis HbA1c-niveauet er ≥6,5 % (se tabel)
[https://www.diabetes.org/a1c/diagnosis American Diabetes Association ADA]
[https://endocrinology.dk/ Dansk Endokrinologisk Selskab]

====Samarbejde med partnerne ====
Repræsentanter for de respektive jobgrupper inkluderes for at hjælpe med at skaffe de nødvendige specifikke betingelser til rådighed for at opretholde god sundhedspraksis for medarbejdere med diabetes type 2 og hypertension i job grupperne. Dette for at have gode muligheder i løbet af arbejdsdagen for at få tid til relevante arbejdspauser, toiletbesøg, adgang til sunde måltider i et godt socialt selskab samt mulighed for passende fysisk træning. Disse forhold er forskellige for hver job gruppe, og analysen af disse forhold og forslag til, hvordan det kan gøres optimalt, er en del af projektet. Installationer til passende strukturændringer på arbejdspladserne, tid til spisepauser og toiletbesøg. Kokke hyres til at lave sunde måltider, der etableres attraktive fitnessrum og andre relevante installationer.

====[[/Referat fra møder/]]====

==Referencer==

[[Category:DA]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Rannsóknir og Menntun á Sjávarheilsu-NET</title>
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      <id>351524</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Weather Top Wizard</username>
        <id>40754</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>added [[Category:IS]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="16862" xml:space="preserve">[[File:View from Pedrera 1.png|thumb|1450px|        ]]
[[File:Sustainable Development Goals (Lima, Peru) 1.jpg|thumb|UN Sustainable Development Goals (Lima, Peru) ]]
[[File:Tanker 17 diciembre 2005 in the Atlantic.jpg|thumb|right|Tanker in the Atlantic 2005]]
[[File:Oil platform P-51 (Brazil).jpg|thumb|Oil platform P-51 Brazil 2005]]
[[File:Seemannsclub Oase Seafarer.jpg|thumb|right |Seemannsclub Oase, Stade, Germany 2020]]
[[File:Alternate Port Concept 150605-Z-UM297-228.jpg|right |thumb|Dockworkers Pearl Harbor Hickam in Hawaii 2015]]
[[File:Wreckless divers at Kelly&amp;#039;s anchor, Whittle Rock P8290152.jpg|thumb|right |Wreckless divers at Kellys anchor, Whittle Rock 2020]]
[[File:Health and safety training of Fishermen in Panamá.jpg|thumb|right|Health and safety training of Fishermen in Panamá]]
== 1 Inngangur ==
Maritime Health Research and Education-NET (MAR-NET) er almannaheillanet námsmanna og vísindamanna til samstarfs innan [https://omeganetcohorts.eu/ OMEGA-NET árganganna. ] Markmið íbúa rannsóknarinnar eru sjófararnemar, sjómenn, sjómenn, hafnarstarfsmenn, aflandsstarfsmenn, kafarar og félagsleg tengsl þeirra. Við tökum þátt í OMEGA-NET hreyfingunni sem miðar að því að hagræða og samþætta árganga atvinnu, iðnaðar og íbúa á evrópsku stigi en einnig utan Evrópu. Markmiðið er að leggja grunn að auknum gagnagrunni til að bera kennsl á heilsufarsáhættu og hagnað sem tengist atvinnu og atvinnu til að efla örugga og heilbrigða forvarnarstefnu og stefnu.
Aðferðin er sú að við biðjum bekkina í sjómannanemum að fylla út stuttan spurningalista um heilsufar þeirra og líðan í upphafi námsins. Þegar þeir hefja æfingatíma sinn á sjó svara þeir sömu spurningum til að bera kennsl á áhrifin um líðan þeirra um borð. Við mælum hve margir þeirra hætta í sjóstéttinni og við spyrjum þá hvernig þeir halda að stéttin geti haldið áfram að vera aðlaðandi fyrir unga fólkið. Seinna höldum við áfram að spyrja þá með nokkurra ára millibili með sömu spurningalistum. Við leggjum sömu spurningalista til sjómannanemanna í öðrum löndum til samanburðar og til að læra af tillögum þeirra um hvernig best sé að fá vinnuaðstæður. Einnig spyrjum við hvað sé þörf á kennslu til að hjálpa atvinnugreininni að veita þeim bestu aðstæður svo þeir geti verið öruggir í starfi. „Árgangur“ er skilgreindur í faraldsfræðilegum vísindum sem hópur fólks sem hefur sömu einkenni, í þessu tilfelli meira og minna sömu fæðingarár og við tökum nokkur tengiliðir við þá um ævina. Árgangar eru einnig hafnir með siglingafólki í gegnum stéttarfélag sitt og aðrar stofnanir og skipafélögin. Niðurstaða rannsóknarinnar, aukinn gagnagrunnur er notaður ásamt öðrum gögnum úr rannsóknum á varanlegu uppfærðu kennsluefni og kennslu, eins og getið er hér að neðan.

== 2 Tenglar á önnur tungumál ==
[https://es.wikiversity.org/wiki/Investigaci%C3%B3n_y_Educaci%C3%B3n_en_Salud_Mar%C3%ADtima-NET Spænska] &lt;br&gt;
[https://fr.wikiversity.org/wiki/Recherche_et_%C3%89ducation_en_Sant%C3%A9_Maritime-NET French] &lt;br&gt;
[https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Maritime_Health_Research_and_Education-NET English ]

== 3 Hjálp til að breyta síðunum ==
[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=Wikipedia:Why_create_an_account%3F Vinsamlegast hjálpaðu við að breyta síðunum, smelltu hér til að búa til reikninginn þinn á Wiki með leyfi til að breyta]

== 4 MARKMIÐ ==
# Koma á alþjóðlegu væntanlegu árgangsnámi með siglinganemakennslu *
# Nota staðlaðar samskiptareglur með mismunandi þemum fyrir nemendur
# Samræmdu upplýsingar um útsetningu og niðurstöður með því að nota staðlaða spurningalista
# Hlutlægt og huglægt mat á áhættu á vinnustað
# Þróaðu og fullgiltu fylki fyrir starfslýsingu
# Kerfisbundnar umsagnir og sameinaðar rannsóknir úr árgangahringunum
# Árgangstenging við heilsufarspróf og aðrar heilsufarsskrár fyrir inngöngu og eftirfylgni
# Búðu til þjálfunarefni byggt á niðurstöðum árgangsnámsins og öðrum vísindalegum heimildum
# Veittu sjómannalæknum, sjómönnum, sjómönnum, námsmönnum og öðrum þjálfun í OHS
# Sameina rannsóknaraðferðafræði í umsjón með ritgerðarvinnu nemenda

== 5 AÐFERÐIR ==
Markhópur rannsóknarinnar er sjóskólar og samtök sjómanna. Fyrir hverja umferð er notaður einn venjulegur spurningalisti eða hluti af honum og nokkur tiltekin atriði t.d. &lt;br&gt;
Norræni stoðkerfaspurningalistinn (NMQ) &lt;br&gt;
Norræna loftslagsáætlunin (NOSACQ-50) &lt;br&gt;
Kaupmannahafnar sálfélagsleg félagsleg spurningalisti (CoPSQ) &lt;br&gt;
Almenn heilsufarspurningalisti (GHQ-12) &lt;br&gt;
Spurningalisti yfir tíðni matvæla (FFQ) &lt;br&gt;
Sjálfskýrð meiðsl í vinnunni &lt;br&gt;
Norrænn iðjuhúðspurningalisti (NOSQ) &lt;br&gt;
Hlutlægt og huglægt mat á áhættuskuldbindingum á vinnustað &lt;br&gt;
Evrópskar vinnuskilyrðakannanir (EWCS) &lt;br&gt;
Lýðfræðilegar og heilsubreytur: aldur, kyn, starfsstaða / tegund vinnustaðar, hæð, þyngd, reykingar og almenn heilsa eru varanlegar breytur til samanburðar og tölfræðilegrar greiningar &lt;br&gt;

== Punktur 5.1-5.9 er í þróun og er ekki enn þýddur ==
Vinsamlegast opnaðu [https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Maritime_Health_Research_and_Education-NET''English Version ''] &lt;br&gt;
5.1 Minutes from Board meetings &lt;br&gt;
5.2 Members &lt;br&gt;
5.3 Workplan &lt;br&gt;
5.4 Basic procedure for project collaboration with the universities &lt;br&gt;
5.5 Draft Letter to the Maritime University &lt;br&gt;
5.6 Possible scenarios for start and follow-up of cohorts&lt;br&gt;
5.7 Draft COST protocol &lt;br&gt;
5.8 Draft Cohort protocols &lt;br&gt;
5.9 Draft Work Packets &lt;br&gt;

== 6 Framlög til iðnaðarins ==
# Siglingalæknarnir og aðrir sérfræðingar í sjávarheilsu fá uppfærða þekkingu á heilsufarsáhættu á sjó fyrir tiltekin störf og vinnusvæði
# Starfslýsingarmatrín mun styðja þau með nauðsynleg sönnunargögn fyrir heilbrigðisskoðanir samkvæmt leiðbeiningum ILO / WHO
# Fyrirtækin fá uppfærða þekkingu sem gerir kleift að vinna að stefnumótandi og þar með hagkvæmari forvarnarstarfi, einnig í starfslýsingarmatrínunum
# T styður alþjóðastofnanir með uppfærðar vísindalegar sannanir fyrir uppfærslu alþjóðasamþykkta og reglugerða
# MAR-NET styður fánaríkin til að uppfylla skyldur sínar til að fylgjast reglulega með vinnu- og búsetu í samræmi við samþykktir Alþjóðavinnumálastofnunarinnar: MLC2006 fyrir sjómenn og C188 fyrir sjómenn.

== 7 Siðfræðilegar kröfur ==
Siðareglum fyrir rannsóknir gagnagrunna í viðkomandi háskólum og siðareglum ICOH er fylgt.
Trúnaður við meðhöndlun persónuupplýsinga er gerður í samræmi við reglur sem settar eru af innlendum persónuverndarstofnunum. Venjulega eru engar persónulegar viðkvæmar upplýsingar innifaldar svo samþykki siðanefndar er ekki nauðsynlegt. Allir spurningalistar biðja um upplýst samþykki sem fyrsta spurningin. Umsjónarmenn sjá um að tryggja að unnið sé með gögnin samkvæmt lögum um trúnað læknis sem leiðbeiningar um góða faraldsfræðilega starfshætti. Nafnleynd þátttakenda verður vernduð á allan hátt
og það verður gefið til kynna í verklýsingunni. Það verður tryggt að rafræna taflan sé læst þannig að upplýsingarnar sjáist ekki af öðrum en vísindamönnunum. Vísindamennirnir virða einstaklingsbundið eignarhald gagnanna og deila ritum og gögnunum þar sem þetta er hentugt og halda ávallt góðu samstarfi eins og lýst er í [https://allea.org/code-of-conduct/#toggle-id-18 'The Evrópskar siðareglur um heilindi rannsókna til sjálfstjórnar við allar rannsóknir í 18 þýðingum] [https://www.allea.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/ALLEA-European-Code-of-Conduct -rannsóknir-heiðarleiki-2017.pdf '' Enska útgáfan '']

== 8 Stjórn ==
* Helsta ákvörðunarvald MAR-NET er stjórnin.
* Stjórnin er skipuð virkum rannsóknaraðilum og flestir þeirra eru sérfræðilæknar á vinnusviði.
*

== 9 Samræming starfseminnar ==
# Stjórnin dreifir samhæfingu starfseminnar meðal þeirra
# Stjórnarfundir eru haldnir þegar þess er þörf í upphafi og síðar á 3 mánaða fresti
# Hver stjórnarmaður sér um að boða til stjórnarfunda
# Stuttar fundargerðir frá fundunum skrifaðar beint á fundinum
# Eins árs áætlun fyrir starfsemi og fundi er tilbúin í lok desember.

== 10 Ráðgjafarnefnd ==
Stofnunum er boðið að taka þátt með fulltrúa frá hverju þeirra: ILO, IMO, ITF, SIRC, Europêche, WMU og IMHA-stjórn &lt;br&gt;
Ársfundir eru æskilegri en Zoom fundir.

== 11 Markmið ==
Stjórn MAR-NET setur sér markmið um hvaða forgangsrannsóknasvið skuli forgangsraðað og hvaða árangurs er vænst að fáist á þessum sviðum.

== 12 Mat á MAR-NET starfsemi ==
Stjórnendur MAR-NET skilja á hverju ári mat á starfseminni í þeirra eigin léni &lt;br&gt;
Hver stjórnarmaður leggur fram ársskýrslu um ábyrgðarsvið sitt fyrir stjórninni í lok desember stjórnarfundar &lt;br&gt;

== 13 Fjárhagsbókhald ==
Það eru engir sérstakir reikningar fyrir MAR-NET þar sem hagkerfið er komið fyrir hjá öllum stofnunum þátttakenda fyrir komið samstarfsverkefni.

== 14 Fjármagn ==
Helsta fjármagnið fyrir starfsemi IMHR-NET er núverandi auðlindir einstakra þátttakenda og innlendar og alþjóðlegar rannsóknarstofnanir &lt;br&gt;
== 15 Tengsl höfunda í ritunum ==
Auk eigin stofnunar er hægt að bæta við aðild að MAR-OMEGA-NET

== 16 Árleg stöðuskýrsla ==
MAR-NET stjórnendur bera ábyrgð á gerð árlegrar stöðuskýrslu sem samþykkt er af stjórninni &lt;br&gt;
Framvinduskýrslan ætti að innihalda stutt yfirlit yfir árangur síðasta árs með undirskrift og dagsetningum.

== 17 Samþætt þjálfun í aðferðafræði rannsókna og umsjón með ritgerð ==
MAR-NET býður upp á þjálfun í aðferðafræði rannsókna samþætt við umsjón með ritgerð nemanda, sem getur verið byggð á einum af stöðluðu spurningalistunum og þannig stuðla nemendur að framleiðslu nýrrar viðeigandi og vísindalegrar þekkingar. Þetta nýtur góðs af góðri reynslu af umsjón með meistaragráðu í siglingalækningum, MSc. Krá. Nemendur í heilbrigðis- og sjómennsku í sjávarútvegi, t.d. NOSACQ-50, CoPSQ og GHQ-12 spurningalistar og samþætt aðferðafræðileg þjálfun og leiðsögn.

== 18 Formleg menntun ==
Háskólameistari, prófskírteini og [https://formacion.fueca.es/?curso=ssp19614_especialista-en-medicina-maritima-specialist-in-maritime-medicine Sérfræðingur í sjólækningum er í boði]. [Https: //www.dropbox / PubHealth námsmenn og unglingar í sjómennsku

== 19 Framlag til 17 markmiða sjálfbærrar þróunar Sameinuðu þjóðanna ==
Markmið 3: Góð heilsa og vellíðan fyrir alla starfsmenn &lt;br&gt;
Markmið 4: Gæðamenntun &lt;br&gt;
Markmið 5: Jafnrétti kynjanna
Markmið 8: Sæmileg vinna og hagvöxtur &lt;br&gt;
Markmið 10: Minni ójöfnuður (samræmi við MLC2006 og C188) &lt;br&gt;
Markmið 12: Ábyrg neysla og framleiðsla (SOx og NOx losun skipa) &lt;br&gt;
Markmið 14: Lífsathuganir neðansjávar um samræmi við góða sorphirðu &lt;br&gt;
Markmið 17: Samstarf til að ná markmiðum &lt;br&gt;

== 20 Framlag til gæðamenntunar ==
===== Fyrir siglingaverkamenn og iðnaðinn =====
Uppfærðar vísindalegar sannanir um ríkjandi áhættu vegna heilsufarsáhættu og heilsufar um borð munu gera forgangsröðun fyrirbyggjandi aðgerða í öryggisnefndum um borð, í fyrirtækjunum og í samtökum launafólks. Starfsmennirnir munu njóta góðs af uppfærðum sjólæknum til að skilja betur hugsanlegar fullyrðingar þeirra og einkenni sem kalla á fullnægjandi klíníska greiningu og rannsóknarstofu og mögulega tilkynningu sem atvinnusjúkdóma.

===== Fyrir siglingalækna =====
Árangur árgangsrannsókna verður mikilvægur þáttur í áframhaldandi þjálfun sjólækna og þjálfun sjómanna og sjómanna. &lt;br&gt;
Án þessarar vitneskju geta læknarnir ekki sinnt skyldum sínum með fullnægjandi hætti og veitt fyrirbyggjandi ráð fyrir sjómenn og sjómenn samkvæmt leiðbeiningum ILO / IMO um læknisskoðun sjómanna og brugðist nægjanlega við mögulegri tilkynningu um atvinnusjúkdóma. &lt;br&gt;

===== Fyrir nemendur =====
Helst notum við niðurstöður rannsókna á heilsu og öryggi til sjós sem grunn að kennslu okkar fyrir MSc.Pub Health og sjómennskuna. Þeir læra rannsóknaraðferðir í sjósundheilsu með mati á áreiðanleika, alhæfingu og mismunandi tegundum hlutdrægni í vísindalegu samhengi, þar með talið hreinsun á eignarhaldi gagnanna. Þeir læra hvernig á að beita rannsóknaraðferðum í komandi faglegum verkefnum sínum og hvernig á að leita vísindalegrar þekkingar til að leysa hagnýt vandamál í atvinnulífi sínu. Siglinganemarnir fá áhuga og þekkingu á því hvernig á að leita og nota vísindalega byggða sjóþekkingu til notkunar í faglegum störfum sínum sem leiðtogar um borð.

== 21 Styrkur og veikleiki ==
Í mörgum löndum er áhugi sjófaranda frekar lítill. Það er styrkur að byrja með unga sjómenn við sjóskólana því þeir geta fært sjómannastarfseminni ferskt sjónarhorn og annan hugsunarhátt og hjálpað til við að laða að unga sjómenn. Samkvæmt Unicef ​​eru flestir áhugasamir um að læra, byggja upp reynslu sína og beita kunnáttu sinni í vinnuaflinu. [Https://www.unicef.org/thailand/stories/6-top-benefits-hiring-young-talent Unicef: 6 helstu kostir við að ráða unga hæfileika] Aðferðin sem notuð er er auðvelt að framkvæma með lágu fjárhagsáætlun. Það er styrkleiki að nota aðferðina sem skilgreinir strax áhættuþætti í vinnuumhverfinu sem skipaeftirlitsmenn í höfnunum sjá ekki til að breyta í þágu sjómanna og fyrirtækjanna. Öfugt við skráningarrannsóknirnar greina þessar rannsóknir áhættuþætti í vinnuumhverfinu sem aldrei verða lærðir af skráningarrannsóknum. Þeir læra að beita rannsóknaraðferðum í seinna faglegum verkefnum sínum og hvernig þeir geta leitað vísindalegrar þekkingar til að leysa verkleg vandamál í atvinnulífi sínu. Siglinganemarnir fá áhuga og þekkingu á því hvernig leita og nota vísindalega byggða sjóþekkingu til faglegra starfa sinna sem leiðtogar um borð. Meðal veikleika er að svarhlutfall gæti verið of lágt frá upphafi, að þeir breyta netfangi sínu svo við höfum engin samskipti og þeir eru ekki tilbúnir að taka þátt eða hafa engan tíma í síðari umferðum. Annar veikleiki er að þversniðshönnunin getur ekki borið kennsl á orsakasamhengi í stöku rannsóknum. En ef borið er saman mismunandi spurningalista getur hættan á heilsu verið til staðar í sumum árgangshlutum en ekki öðrum og þar með stuðlað að því að greina orsakasamhengi.

== 22 Tenglar á viðeigandi samtök, skjöl og sjóði ==
[https://omeganetcohorts.eu/download/statement-on-research-integrity-and-responsible-research-practice/?wpdmdl=1075&amp;refresh=5f522fa85ef9e1599221672 OMEGA-NET cohorts statement on research integrity and responsible research practice ]&lt;br&gt;
[http://www.icohweb.org/site/homepage.asp ICOH International Commission on Occupational Health ] &lt;br&gt;
[http://www.icoh-epicoh.org/ EPICOH Scientific Committee on Epidemiology in Occupational Health ]&lt;br&gt; 
[https://omeganetcohorts.eu/ The OMEGA-NET Cohorts and COST ] &lt;br&gt;
[https://omeganetcohorts.eu/resources/scientific-publications/ Links to OMEGA-NET Scientific Publications] &lt;br&gt;
[https://www.heraresearcheu.eu/ The HERA network for an environmental, climate and health research agenda ]&lt;br&gt;
[https://www.cost.eu/who-we-are/mission-vision-and-values/ The COST mission vision and values] &lt;br&gt;
[https://www.europeansurveyresearch.org The European Survey Research Association] &lt;br&gt;
[https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/surveys/european-working-conditions-surveys-ewcs European Working Conditions Surveys (EWCS)]&lt;br&gt;
[https://ec.europa.eu/esf/main.jsp?catId=67&amp;langId=en&amp;newsId=9691 The European Social Fund] &lt;br&gt;
[https://www.norden.org/en/funding-opportunities/nordic-council-ministers-funding-programme-ngo-co-operation-baltic-sea-region Nordic Council Ministers Funding NGO Co-Operation Baltic Sea Region] &lt;br&gt;
[https://www.norden.org/en/information/about-funding-nordic-council-ministers Funding Nordic Council Ministers]&lt;br&gt;
[https://www.norden.org/en/funding-opportunities/nordic-council-ministers-open-call-funding-opportunity-nordic-russian-co Nordic Council Ministers Funding-opportunity Nordic-Russian Co-Operation ]&lt;br&gt;
[https://www.seafarerstrust.org/about/ ITF Seafarers Trust]&lt;br&gt; 
[https://terravivagrants.org/grant-makers/cross-cutting/nippon-foundation/ Nippon Foundation]&lt;br&gt;

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    <title>Maritim Sundhedsforskning og Uddannelse-NET/Diabetes 2 Den Danske Gruppe</title>
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      <text bytes="8397" xml:space="preserve">[https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Maritime_Health_Research_and_Education-NET/DM2/Diabetes_2_Danish_Group Engelsk udgave]
== Diabetes 2 ==
== Baggrund ==
Diabetes2 prævalens stiger globalt og i takt med den sociale ulighed i sundhed i forhold til arbejde og leveforhold.  
Som en del af DASAMS arbejde med ulighed i sundhed i relation til arbejdsmedicinen, vil vi fokusere på nogle faggrupper i transportområdet med størst ulighed i sundhed og som samtidig er omfattet af regelmæssige obligatoriske helbredsundersøgelser. Det drejer sig bl.a. lokoførerne hos DSB, buschaufførerne, flypiloterne og det maritime personale. Hensigten er at udnytte de et- eller toårige obligatoriske helbredsundersøgelser i disse grupper ved at teste for diabetes 2 med Hb1Ac strategisk udvalgte stikprøver af de forskellige faggrupper i disse erhverv. Den nye overenskomst 2021 for de praktiserende læger har også fokus på ulighed i sundhed og faglig udvikling &lt;ref&gt;https://ugeskriftet.dk/nyhed/ny-overenskomst-de-praktiserende-laeger-har-fokus-pa-ulighed-i-sundhed-og-faglig-udvikling&lt;/ref&gt; Urin sticks har for lav sensitivitet 35%-50% sensitivity til kunne bruges validt som screening redskab i en asymptomatisk gruppe af ansatte&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2564040/&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Formål == 
Tidlig diagnostik og forebyggelse af diabetes2 blandt ansatte i nogle jobs med obligatoriske helbredsundersøgelser.  
De obligatoriske helbredsundersøgelser bebyttes til at inkludere valide test for diabetes 2, bl.a. med en blodprøve for måling af Hb1Ac. 
At bruge valide metoder til diagnostik, forebyggelse og opfølgning af effekt.  
Forebyggelsen omfatter bl.a. at indrette arbejdspladserne så ansatte med Diabetes 2 kan forsætte deres ansættelse under den nødvendige hensyntagen til velreguleret Diabetes 2  
iværksætte specifikke forebyggelses-programmer i faggrupperne
[[]]
== Målsætning ==
# Systematisering af indholdet af helbredsundersøgelser for de forskellige grupper af job. 
# At foretage en central registrering af data fra disse helbredsundersøgelser der stilles til rådighed for forskning. # At anvende information, uddannelse, indretning af arbejdspladsen efter de ansattes behov, dvs. arbejdsrutiner og kantinetilbud der tillader alle med diabetes 2 at fortsætte i jobbet med sygdommen som før. 
# Den videnskabelige dokumentation af forløb og effekt med epidemiologiske undersøgelser og interviews som vejledning til at optímere interventionen. 

== Målgrupper ==
Det første skridt i diabetesforebyggelse er at identificere patienter, der har den højeste risiko. Denne gruppe inkluderer individer i alle aldre, der er overvægtige og overvægtige (BMI&gt; 25 kg / m2) med mindst en risikofaktor (såsom etnisk gruppe med høj risiko, førstegrads slægtning med diabetes, personlig svangerskabsdiabetes eller stillesiddende livsstil). American Diabetes Association (ADA) anbefaler, at disse patienter screenes hvert 3. år (tabel 2). Alle andre patienter skal begynde screening i en alder af 45 år.

== Diagnostik == 
Du har prædiabetes, hvis dine værdier ligger inden for disse områder:
* Fasteblodsukker: 6,1-6,9 mmol/l
* Blodsukker efter sukkerbelastningstest: 7,8-11,1 mmol/l
* Langtidsblodsukker (HbA1c): 42-47 mmol/mol

Imidlertid anbefaler de nuværende ADA-anbefalinger om klinisk praksis, at HbA1C-måling kan bruges som et screeningsværktøj med niveauer mellem 5,7 og 6,4%, der definerer dem, der har størst risiko for diabetes. Validering af denne tilgang er dog stadig afsluttet.One test, HbA1c is sufficient to diagnose diabetes. A positive diagnosis can be made if the HbA1c level is ≥6.5%
A case of positive diagnosis should be confirmed with a repeat HbA1c test and/or plasma glucose [https://endocrinology.dk/ '''Dansk Endokrinologisk Selskab'''][https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/type-2-diabetes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351199 '''Mayo Clinic Diabetes diagnosis and prevention''']

== Intervention ==
Review studier af diabetes2 forebyggelsen har vist at det er muligt at få effekt af intervencions specielt i højrisiko grupperne

== Model for forebyggelse (ADA) ==
* Fysisk aktivitet på moderat niveau (fx rask gang) i mindst 30 minutter om dagen, 5 dage om ugen
* Vægttabsmål på 5-15% af startvægten med et mål på 1–2 lb ugentligt
* Begræns fedtindholdet til &lt;30% af de samlede daglige kalorier
* Reducer portions størrelser og dagligt kalorieindtag
* Forøg frugt, grøntsager og fiber i kosten
* Støttende infrastruktur på arbejdspladsen til toiletadgang, hvile- og spisepauser

== Interventionen består af == 
* Epidemiologiske målinger af prævalens, vidensniveau og efterfølgelse af råd før og efter implementering af indsats. 
* Tidligere dataindsamlinger kan anvendes afgrænsningen af populationen i en tidsramme er velbeskrevet. 
* Uddannelse af de socialt forskellige målgrupper af ansatte og ledere 
* Indretning af arbejdspladserne og arbejdsrutiner der tillader den bedst mulige efterfølgelse af rådgivningen.
* Projektet sker i samarbejde med arbejdsmedicinere, arbejdsgiverne, ansattes organisationer, de ansatte og medicinske specialister i diabetes 2. 
* Materialet til uddannelse testes for forståelighed og anvendelighed med hensyntagen til ulighed i uddannelse.
*

== Forebyggelsen sker i samarbejde mellem alle relevante aktører == 
Alle relevante aktører og ledelses repræsentanter i de respektive jobgrupper og tilrettes efter de specifikke forhold og karakteristika af de relevante hæmmende og fremmende faktorer for god sundhedspraksis for i de forskellige job typer. Således at der er gode muligheder i løbet af arbejdsdagen for at der er relevante hvilepauser, adgang til toiletforhold og adgang til sunde måltider i godt socialt selskab. Disse forhold er forskellig på hver jobgruppe og analysen af disse forhold og bud på hvordan det kan gøres optimale er en del af projektet. Der udvikles forslag til de nødvendige former for strukturel ændring på forskellige typer af arbejdspladser, tid til spisepauser, kokke ansættes til fremstilling af sund frokost billigt Personlig rådgiving ved Dietist af patienter med Diabetes2 har ved forsøg ikke vist nogen varig virkning 

== Etik til beskyttelse af personoplysninger==
Fortrolighed ved håndtering af personlige oplysninger sker i henhold til reglerne i de nationale databeskyttelsesbureauer og den generelle databeskyttelsesforordning (GDPR) og er udarbejdet med. Ingen personligt følsomme oplysninger er inkluderet i datasættet givet til forskerne, så godkendelse fra Etisk Udvalg er ikke nødvendigt. Alle spørgeskemaer beder om informeret samtykke som det første spørgsmål.

==Referencer==

Data Registration Form
MAHRE-Net Diabetes Prevalence study start _______finish n = 200 in each country         
City :                                       FORM No : ______                                                                             &gt; Protocol
To estimate the real prevalence we invite at random all, regardless of their risk, such as obesity.......................
Example	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Date	1/8										
Informed Consent (1)	X										
Age	22										
Gender m/f	m										
Nationality (2)	1										
Fisherman	X										
Seafarer											
Years of experience	10										
First HbA1c (3)	5.1										
Second HbA1c											
Height cm	175										
Weight kg	75										
Comment											
(1) Ask the seafarer/fisherman if we can use anonyme data for research
(2) Spain = 1, Morocco = 2 , Other = 4

(3) Repeat HbA1c if value ≥ 6.5             

Comment participant no.	
Comment participant no.	
..............................................................................................................................................................................
Example	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20
Date	1/8										
Informed Consent (1)	X										
Age	22										
Gender m/f	m										
Nationality (2)	1										
Fisherman	X										
Seafarer											
Years of experience	10										
First HbA1c (3)	5.1										
Second HbA1c											
Height cm	175										
Weight kg	75										
Comment											
(1) Ask the seafarer/fisherman if we can use anonyme data for research
(2) Spain = 1, Morocco = 2 , Other = 4

(3) Repeat HbA1c if value ≥ 6.5             

Comment participant no.	
Comment participant no.

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      <text bytes="916" xml:space="preserve">Zoommøde 12/1-2022 med: OJ, LC, DP, ID, VC, FG, ALS, GSA, AF for at oprette den nye forskningsgruppe kl. 9:00 i Panama, 15:00 i Spanien og Frankrig, 17:00 i Rusland og 22:00 i Manila. Velkomst og kort præsentationsrunde og formelt &quot;Constitution of the International Diabetes and Hypertension Research Group&quot; 
&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Maritime_Health_Association&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/en/projects/the-international-diabetes-and-hypertension-research-group-in-sea&lt;/ref&gt;for søfarende, andre transportarbejdere og fiskere. Sammensætning af styregruppen (valgt formand: OJ). Foreløbige opgaver (efter opfordring fra IMHA, &quot;Europeche&quot; og &quot;ETF&quot;): 
# Revision af ILO Guidelines for lægeundersøgelser af søfarende til screening for T2DM og blodtryksmåling med valide tests. 
# Nye opgaver er senere kommet til 
(slutter efter 45 min)


==Referencer==

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      <text bytes="6146" xml:space="preserve">[https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Maritime_Health_Research_and_Education-NET/EU_Consortium_for_Maritime_Health_Research_and_Education English version]

[https://es.wikiversity.org/wiki/El_Consorcio_Europeo_para_la_investigaci%C3%B3n_y_la_educaci%C3%B3n_en_salud_mar%C3%ADtima spansk version]

[[:fr:Le_Consortium_de_l'UE_pour_la_recherche_et_l'éducation_en_santé_maritime|fransk version]]

[[:de:Europäisches_Konsortium_für_maritime_Gesundheitsforschung_und_-erziehung|tysk version]]

[[betawikiversity:EU-konsortium_for_maritim_sundhedsforskning_og_-uddannelse|Dansk version]]

== Indledning ==
EU-konsortiet for forskning og uddannelse i maritim sundhed er et non-profit, internationalt netværk af maritim forskning og uddannelsesinstitutioner, der skal samarbejde om at fremme sundhedsforskning og -uddannelse til gavn for maritime og transportarbejdere. Det er et murstensfrit center, der forener interesserede institutioner med aktiviteter inden for maritim-, arbejds- og folkesundhedsforskning og -uddannelse for at søge midler.

== Målene ==
* Opret et netværk af forskere til at udvikle videnskabelig forskning og uddannelse i maritim sundhed og sikkerhed og ansøge om midler
* Etablere forsknings- og uddannelsesgrupper og søge midler
* Hovedfokus er på tidlig diagnosticering og forebyggelse af diabetes type 2 og hypertension
* Samarbejde med arbejderorganisationerne og rederierne
* Organisere offentlige møder for at præsentere forsknings- og uddannelsesaktiviteterne for et bredere publikum
* Uddanne maritime studerende, søfarende og transportarbejdere i diabetes type 2 og hypertension selvkontrol og sundhedsfremme

== Formål ==
Målene er at uddanne og levere forskningsresultater af høj kvalitet ved brug af standardiserede metoder til gavn for alle arbejdere og borgere.

== Etiske krav ==
De etiske regler for databaseforskning på de respektive universiteter og andre centre.[http://www.icohweb.org/site_new/multimedia/core_documents/pdf/code_ethics_eng_2012.pdf ICOH Code of ethics] overholdes. Fortrolighed ved håndtering af personoplysninger sker i henhold til reglerne fastsat af de nationale databeskyttelsesmyndigheder. Normalt er der ingen personfølsomme oplysninger inkluderet, så godkendelse fra den etiske komité er ikke nødvendig. Alle spørgeskemaer beder om informeret samtykke som det første spørgsmål. Tilsynsmyndighederne sørger for at sikre, at oplysningerne behandles efter lov om tavshedspligt som retningslinjer for god epidemiologisk praksis. Deltagernes anonymitet vil blive beskyttet på enhver måde, og dette vil fremgå af projektbeskrivelsen. Det vil blive sikret , at det elektroniske bord er låst, så informationen ikke kan ses af andre end forskerne. Forskerne respekterer individuelt ejerskab til dataene og deler publikationer og data, hvor det er praktisk, og holder altid gode partnerskaber. [https://allea.org/code-of-conduct/#toggle-id-18 Den europæiske adfærdskodeks for forskningsintegritet for selvregulering i al forskning]

== Bestyrelse ==
Konsortiets vigtigste beslutningsbeføjelse er bestyrelsen. Bestyrelsen består af repræsentanter fra de associerede institutioner

== Centerkoordinator ==
* Bestyrelsen vælger en koordinator for konsortiet for 1 år til genvalg på bestyrelsens årlige møde i august
* OneBoard-møder afholdes årligt
* Koordinatoren er ansvarlig for indkaldelse til bestyrelsesmøder

== Rådgivende Udvalg ==
Repræsentanter for partnere i fagforeninger, ministerier, universiteter og statslige myndigheder er inviteret

== Mål ==
Bestyrelsen fastlægger i samarbejde med koordinatoren målsætninger for, hvilke forsknings- og uddannelsesområder og ansøgninger om midler, der skal prioriteres, og hvilke resultater der forventes opnået af forskning på disse områder.

== Evaluering af centrets aktiviteter ==
Bestyrelsen forstår hvert år en evaluering af konsortiets aktiviteter. Koordinatoren fremlægger en årsrapport for bestyrelsen sidst i december.
Regnskab. Der er ikke et særskilt regnskab for Konsortiet, da økonomien er placeret hos hver af deltagerne.

== Finansielle ressourcer ==
Den væsentligste økonomiske ressource for konsortiets aktivitet er de eksisterende ressourcer fra individuelle deltagere og nationale og internationale forskningsfonde.

== Angivelse af publikationer ==
Publikationerne fra er anført nedenfor: Egen institution, EU Consortium Center i ...

== Årlig statusrapport ==
Koordinatoren har ansvaret for at udarbejde en årlig statusrapport, der godkendes af bestyrelsen. Statusrapporten bør indeholde en kort oversigt over sidste års resultater med underskrifter og datoer
==[[/Vedtægter/]]==

== Fonde og organisationer ==

European Foundation Study of Diabetes (EFSD)- http://www.europeandiabetesfoundation.org/&lt;br&gt;
ITF Seafarers Trust https://www.seafarerstrust.org/ &lt;br&gt;
[https://novonordiskfonden.dk/da/ Novo Nordisk fundet]&lt;br&gt;
https://www.eshonline.org/online-education/teaching-seminars/ &lt;br&gt;
Hypertension Research Foundation&lt;br&gt;
http://www.hypertensionresearchfoundation.ch/EN/projets.html &lt;br&gt;
https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/research-area/health/diabetes_en&lt;br&gt;
[https://ec.europa.eu/esf/main.jsp?catId=67&amp;langId=en&amp;newsId=9691 Den Europæiske Socialfond]&lt;br&gt;
[https://www.danishdiabetesacademy.dk/grants Danish Diabetes Academy]&lt;br&gt;
The European Society of Hypertension https://www.eshonline.org/&lt;br&gt;
[https://www.norden.org/en/funding-opportunities/nordic-council-ministers-funding-programme-ngo-co-operation-baltic-sea-region Nordisk Råds ministre Finansiering NGO-samarbejde Østersøregionen] &lt;br&gt;
[https://www.norden.org/en/information/about-funding-nordic-council-ministers Finansiering af Nordisk Råds ministre]&lt;br&gt;
[https://www.norden.org/en/funding-opportunities/nordic-council-ministers-open-call-funding-opportunity-nordic-russian-co Nordisk Råds ministre Finansieringsmulighed Nordisk-russisk samarbejde] &lt; br&gt;
[https://terravivagrants.org/grant-makers/cross-cutting/nippon-foundation/ Nippon Foundation]&lt;br&gt;

== Litteratur ==

[https://omeganetcohorts.eu/resources/scientific-publications/ Omeganet Publications]

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      <text bytes="1797" xml:space="preserve">§ 1&lt;br&gt;
Konsortiets navn er &quot;EU Consortium for Maritime Health Research and Education&quot;&lt;br&gt;

§ 2&lt;br&gt;
Konsortiet
* Konsortiet er underskrevet af koordinatoren eller to af dets udpegede medlemmer
* Medlemmerne af konsortiet er ikke personligt ansvarlige for de forpligtelser, der påhviler konsortiet&lt;br&gt;

§ 3&lt;br&gt;
Generalforsamlingen
* Er den højeste myndighed i konsortiet
* Afholdes en gang om året i december eller januar
* Det indkaldes skriftligt eller elektronisk (pr. post) mindst 3 uger i forvejen med angivelse af dagsordenen og med oplysning om de indkomne forslag rettidigt. Derudover findes information på konsortiets hjemmeside
* De forslag, der skal på dagsordenen, skal være koordinatoren i hænde inden den 1. december&lt;br&gt;

§ 4&lt;br&gt; Dagsorden Generalforsamlingen&lt;br&gt;
* Valg af koordinator, vicekoordinator, kasserer og sekretær.
* Koordinatorens rapport.
* Diskussion
* Muligvis&lt;br&gt;

§ 5&lt;br&gt;
* Regnskabsåret er kalenderåret
* Kontingenterne skal være betalt inden generalforsamlingens afholdelse, såfremt der ønskes stemmeret og udøvet stemmeret.
&lt;br&gt;
§ 6&lt;br&gt;
* Bestyrelsen afholder mindst 2 møder i løbet af året.
* Konsortiet afholder mindst ét ​​videnskabeligt møde hvert år&lt;br&gt;

§ 7&lt;br&gt;
Ændring af vedtægterne&lt;br&gt;
* Disse kan kun finde sted på den ordinære generalforsamling og kun såfremt 2/3 af de fremmødte stemmeberettigede medlemmer stemmer for&lt;br&gt;

§ 8&lt;br&gt;
Opsigelse af konsortiet&lt;br&gt;
* Dette kan ske på en generalforsamling, såfremt 2/3 af medlemmerne beslutter at møde skriftligt eller ved fuldmagt. Hvis konsortiet har aktiver, besluttes det at akkumulere dem til en destination, der er i overensstemmelse med selskabets formålsklausul&lt;br&gt;

Disse vedtægter blev vedtaget på generalforsamlingen....

==Referencer==

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      <text bytes="1095" xml:space="preserve">'''Witaj na Wikiwersytecie!''' Wikiwersytet to miejsce do nauki, gdzie możesz znaleźć materiały do uczenia się, oraz projekty naukowe. Każdy w tym może wziąć udział. Nie musisz płacić, nie ma tu reklam, nie potrzeba tu żadnych świadczeń. To po prostu miejsce do nauki!

Każdy może tu &quot;uczyć&quot;, czyli tworzyć materiały do nauki. Nie musisz mieć stopnia profesora, wystarczy wiedza na dany temat. Każdy może uczestniczyć w kursach, i każdy może je prowadzić. Każdy może tu edytować. Wikiwesytet jest oparty na oprogramowaniu wiki.

Stwórz lub zmień treść dowolnej strony. Po prostu odważ się!  Nie potrzeba nawet konta! Pamiętaj wszakże, że utworzenie takowego pomoże w zidentyfikowaniu Cię.

Jeżeli znasz się na czymś, dodaj treści edukacyjne, które Twoim zdaniem mogą być przydatne. Jeżeli jesteś tu nowy, wybierz się na [[Wikiwersytet:Wycieczka z przewodnikiem|wycieczkę z przewodnikiem]], dzięki któremu poznasz wszystkie tajniki tego projektu. 

A więc jeszcze raz - witaj na Wikiwersytecie, życząc Ci miłych wrażeń!

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      <text bytes="1458" xml:space="preserve">Aquesta secció desenvolupa el coneixement suficient dels algorismes.

=== La màquina ===

Desde molt antic s'utilitzen mecanismes per facilitar diverses feines tant militars com religioses, l'última troballa '''el mecanismes d'anticitera''', 87 a.C., que és un artefacte que es preveu pugui predir el moviment estelar seguint textos babilònics molt coneguts pel seu registres estelars en notació de graus sexagesimals, però lo més fascinant és que aquest mecanisme porta moltes inscripcions i està vinculat amb el calendari egipci.

Aquests artefactes antics es poden cosiderar com a maquinària capaç de reproduir activitats estàtiques i cícliques, inclus interactuar amb l'entorn o decidir mitjançant mecanismes molt curiosos.

Que manca doncs respecte els aparells actuals?

Resposta: A l'actualitat hi ha maquinària que encara fa feines semblants però d'altres han introduït als seus mecanismes enginys electrònic que els dota d'autonomia facilitant la programació arbitrària.

Esquema de les màquines en general:...

Objectius:

* Diagrames de flux i seudocodi.(1ESO al BOE)

* Estructuras condicionales.(2ESO al BOE)

* Bucles.(3ESO al BOE)

* Recursividad y funciones.(4ESO-A i 4ESO-B al BOE)

=== El programa ===

Definició de programa ...

==== Diagrames de flux ====

Intro...

Exemples...

Activitats...

==== JavaScript ====

Intro...

Exemples...

Activitats...

=== Projecte ===

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