Wikipedia scowiki https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.39.0-wmf.25 first-letter Media Special Collogue Uiser Uiser collogue Wikipedia Wikipedia collogue File File collogue MediaWiki MediaWiki collogue Template Template collogue Help Help collogue Category Category collogue Portal Portal talk Define Define talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Gadget Gadget talk Gadget definition Gadget definition talk Odessa 0 4577 869903 857145 2022-08-23T23:28:32Z 2003:F6:F09:A783:D00:7B88:D684:DC58 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |name =Odesa (Одеса)<br>Odessa (Одесса) |image_skyline = Odessa-Montage-2016.png |image_caption = '''Clockwise:''' monument tae Duke de Richelieu, [[Vorontsov Lichthoose]], [[Odessa ceety gairden|ceety gairden]], [[Odessa Opera an Ballet Theater|Opera an Ballet Theatre]], [[Potemkin Stairs]], Square de Richelieu |image_flag =Flag of Odessa.svg |image_shield =Coat of Arms of Odessa.svg |image_blank_emblem = Odessa-logo.gif |shield_size =90px |pushpin_map =Ukraine |pushpin_mapsize =250 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Ukraine |subdivision_type =Kintra |subdivision_name ={{UKR}} |subdivision_type1 =[[Oblast]] |subdivision_name1 ={{flag|Odessa Oblast}} |subdivision_type2 =[[Raion|Ceety Municipality]] |subdivision_name2 ={{flagicon image|Flag of Odessa.svg}} Odessa |leader_title =Mayor |leader_name =[[Aleksey A Kostusyev]]<ref>[http://www.odessa.ua/en/mayor/ Official site of Odessa], ''Odessa City Mayor''.</ref> |established_title =Port foondit |established_date =2 September 1794 |area_total_km2 =236.9 |population_as_of =1 Julie 2011 |population_total =1,003,705 |population_metro =1,191,000<sup>1</sup> |population_blank1_title= [[Demonym]] |population_blank1= {{lang-uk|Одесит, одеситка}} |population_density_km2= 6141 |timezone =EET |utc_offset =+2 |timezone_DST =EEST |utc_offset_DST =+3 |coordinates = {{coord|46|28|N|30|44|E|region:UA|display=inline,title}} |elevation_m =40 |elevation_max_m =65 |elevation_min_m =-4.2 |postal_code_type =Postal code |postal_code =65000–65480 |area_code =+380 48 |website =[http://www.odessa.ua/?lang=en www.odessa.ua] |footnotes =<sup>1</sup> The population o the metropolitan aurie is as o 2001. }} '''Odessa''' or '''Odesa''' ({{lang-uk|Оде́са}}, {{IPA-uk|ɔˈdɛsɑ|pron}}), is the third lairgest ceety in [[Ukraine]], wi a population o 1,003,705. At the beginnin o the 20t century it wis the biggest ceety o Ukraine an haed a special unthirlt jurisdiction. The ceety is a major [[Port o Odessa|seaport]] an transportation hub locatit on the northwastren shore o the [[Black Sea]]. Odessa is an aa an [[admeenistrative centre]] o the [[Odessa Oblast]] an major cultural centre o multi-ethnic population. Its alternative Roushie name is the ''Soothren Palmira''. The predecessor o Odessa, a smaa [[Tatars|Tatar]] [[Human dounset|dounset]], wis foondit bi [[Hacı I Giray]], the [[Khan (teetle)|Khan]] o [[Crimean Khanate|Crimea]] in 1440. Efter a period o [[Grand Duchy o Lithuanie|Lithuanie]] control, it passed intae the domain o the [[Ottoman Dynasty|Ottoman]] [[Sultan]] in 1529 an remained in Ottoman haunds till the [[Ottoman Empire]]'s defeat in the [[Russo-Turkis War (1787–1792)|Russo-Turkis War]] o 1792. The ceety o Odessa wis foondit bi a decree o the Empress [[Catherine the Great]] in 1794. Frae 1819 tae 1858 Odessa wis a [[Leet o free ports|free port]]. Durin the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] period it wis the maist important port o tred in the [[Soviet Union]] an a Soviet [[naval dockyard|naval base]]. On 1 Januar 2000 the Quarantine Pier o Odessa tred sea port wis declared a free port an [[free economic zone]] for a term o 25 years. In the 19t century it wis the fowert lairgest ceety o [[Roushie Empire|Imperial Roushie]], efter Moscow, [[Saunt Petersburg]] an [[Warsaw]].<ref name="PH">{{cite journal|first=Patricia|last=Herlihy|authorlink=Patricia Herlihy|year=1977|title=The Ethnic Composition of the City of Odessa in the Nineteenth Century|pages=g. 53}}</ref> Its historical airchitectur haes a style mair [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]] nor Roushie, haein been hivily influencit bi French an Italian styles. Some biggins are biggit in a mixtur o different styles, includin [[Art Nouveau]], [[Renaissance airchitectur|Renaissance]] an [[Clessicism|Clessicist]].<ref name="UKRWorld">{{cite web|url=http://ukrworld.com.ua/odesskaya-oblast/odessa/97-odessa-architecture-and-monuments.html|title=Odessa: Architecture and Monuments|publisher=2009 [http://ukrworld.com.ua/ UKRWorld.Com]|accessdate=2009-06-09|archive-date=2012-03-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306163050/http://ukrworld.com.ua/odesskaya-oblast/odessa/97-odessa-architecture-and-monuments.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Odessa is a [[Port o caw|wairm watter port]]. The ceety o Odessa hosts twa important ports: [[Port o Odessa]] itsel an [[Yuzhne|Port Yuzhne]] (an aa an internaitionally important ile [[Container terminal|terminal]]), situatit in the ceety's suburbs. Anither important port, [[Port o Illichivsk|Illichivsk]], is locatit in the same [[oblast]], tae the sooth-wast o Odessa. Thegither thay represent a major [[transport hub]] integratin wi railways. Odessa's ile an chemical processin facilities are connectit tae [[Roushie]]'s an EU's respective networks bi strategic [[Pipeline transport|pipeline]]s. ==Name== The oreegin o the name Odessa is unkent, but it is proponit the ceety wis namit efter the auncient Greek ceety o [[:en:Varna#Antiquity and Bulgarian conquest|Odessos]] (Oδησσός), which wis falsely believit tae hae been foondit at the location o present day Odessa; awtho Odessa is in fact locatit in the aurie atween the auncient Greek ceeties o [[Tyras]] (Τύρας) an [[Olbia, Ukraine|Olbia]] (Ὀλβία). == History == [[File:potemkinstairs.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The 142-metre-lang Potemkin (oreeginally Richelieu) Stairs (constructit 1834–1841), made famous bi [[Sergei Eisenstein]] in his movie ''[[Battleship Potemkin]]'' (1925). It is the set for arguably the maist celebratit short sequence ever filmed.]] === Frae foondation tae the end o the 19t century === <!-- The first paragraph needs tae be rewritten --> In the [[Anno Domini|AD]] [[15t century]], [[nomad]]ic tribes o the [[Nogays]] unner the [[suzerainty]] o the [[Crimean Khanate|Khanate o Crimea]] inhabitit what is nou the Odessa region. Durin the reign o [[Khan]] [[Haci I Giray]], the Khanate wis endangered bi the [[Golden Horde]] an the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman Turks]] an, in sairch o allies, the khan agreed tae cede the aurie tae the [[Grand Duchy o Lithuanie]]. The site o present-day Odessa wis then a toun kent as '''Khadjibey''' (an aa spelled as Khadjibei, Khadzhibei, or Gadzhibei; [[Lithuanian leid|Lithuanian]]: ''Chadžibėjus''; [[Crimean Tatar leid|Crimean Tatar]] an [[Turkish leid|Turkish]]: ''Hacibey'') an wis pairt o the [[Dykra]] region. Houever, the aurie wis ae sparsely populated wi [[Turkic fowks|Turkic]] tribes an consistit maistly o unpopulatit [[steppe]]s. Khadjibey came unner direct control o the [[Ottoman Empire]] efter [[1529]] an wis pairt o a region kent as [[Yedisan]] an wis administered in the Ottoman [[Silistra Province, Ottoman Empire|Silistra (Özi) Province]]. In the mid-[[18t century]], the Ottomans rebuilt a fortress at Khadjibey, which wis named '''Eni Dunia''' ([[Turkish leid|Turkish]]: ''Yeni Dünya'', literally "new warld"). Durin the [[Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792|Russo-Turkish War o 1787–1792]], on [[25 September]] [[1789]], a detachment o Roushie forces unner [[Ivan Gudovich]] teuk Khadjibey an Yeni Dünya for the [[Roushie Empire]]. Ane pairt o the troops wis unner command o a [[Spainyie fowk|Spaniard]] in Roushie service, Major General [[José de Ribas]] (kent in Roushie as Osip Mikhailovich Deribas) an the main street in Odessa the day, [[Deribasovskaya]] street, is named efter him. Roushie formally gained possession o the aurie as a result o the [[Treaty o Jassy]] (Iaşi) in [[1792]] an it became a pairt o the sae-cawed [[Novorossiya]] ("New Roushie"). A ceety wis offeecially foondit in [[1794]] as a [[Roushie]] naval fortress on the ruins o Khadjibey an wis renamed '''Odessa''' bi Januar [[1795]] (when its new name wis first mentioned in offeecial correspondence). Neither origin o the new name nor reasons for renamin ar kent, tho [[etymology|etymologies]] an [[anecdote]]s aboond. Accordin tae ane o the stories, when someane suggestit [[Odessos]] as a name for the new Roushie port, [[Catherine II o Roushie|Catherine&nbsp;II]] said that aw names in the Sooth o the Empire wur already 'masculine,' an didna want yet anither ane, sae she decidit tae chynge it tae mair 'feminine' Odessa. This anecdote is hichtlie dubious, acause thare wur at least twa ceeties ([[Eupatoria]] an [[Theodosia]]) which names soond 'feminine' for a Roushie; besides, the [[Czarina]] wis no a native Roushie speaker, an finally, aw ceeties ar [[grammatical gender|feminine]] in [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] (as well as in [[Latin]]). Anither legend derives the name 'Odessa' frae the wird-play: in [[French leid|French]] (which ''wis'' then the leid spoken at the Roushie court), 'plenty o watter' is ''assez d'eau''; if said backwards, it soonds seemilar tae that o the Greek colony's name (an watter-relatit pun maks perfect sense, acause Odessa, tho situatit next tae the huge body o watter, haes limitit fresh watter supply). Onyhou, a link wi the name o the ancient Greek colony persists, sae thare might be some truth in the oral tradeetion. The new ceety quickly became a major success. Its early growthe owed muckle tae the wirk o the [[Armand-Emmanuel du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu|Duc de Richelieu]], who served as the ceety's governor atween [[1803]]–[[1814]]. Haein fled the [[French Revolution]], he haed served in Catherine's airmy against the Turks. He is creditit wit designin the ceety an organisin its amenities an infrastructure, an is considered ane o the foondin faithers o Odessa, thegither wi anither Frenchman, Coont [[Alexandre Langeron]], who succeedit him in office. Richelieu is commemoratit bi a bronze statue, unveiled in [[1828]] tae a design bi [[Ivan Martos]]. In [[1819]] the ceety wis made a free port, a status it retained till [[1859]]. It became hame tae an extremely diverse population o [[Roushies]], [[Ukrainians]], [[Jews]], [[Greeks]], [[Bulgarians]], [[Albanians]], [[Armenians]], [[Italians]], [[French fowk|Frenchmen]], [[Germans]] an traders representin mony ither European naitionalities (hence numerous 'ethnic' names on the ceety's cairt, ''e.g.'', ''Frantsuszkiy'' (French) an ''Italianskiy'' (Italian) Boulevards, ''Grecheskaya'' (Greek), ''Evreyskaya'' (Jewish), ''Arnautskaya'' (Albanian) Streets). Its cosmopolitan naitur wis documented bi the great Roushie poet [[Alexander Pushkin]], who lived in internal exile in Odessa atween [[1823]]–[[1824]]. In his letters he wrote that Odessa wis a ceety whaur "ye can smell Europe. French is spoken an there ar European papers an magazines tae read". Odessa's growthe wis interrupted bi the [[Crimean War]] o [[1853]]–[[1856]], durin which it wis bombardit bi [[Unitit Kinrick o Great Breetain an Ireland|Breetish]] an [[Fraunce|French]] naval forces. It suin recovered an the growthe in tred made Odessa Roushie's lairgest grain-exportin port. In [[1866]] the ceety wis linked bi rail wi [[Kiev]] an [[Kharkov]] as well as [[Iaşi]], [[Romanie]]. [[File:Odessa richelieu.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Richelieu Street an the Opera Theatre in the 1890s.]] The ceety became the hame o a lairge Jewish community durin the [[19t century]], an bi [[1897]] Jews wur estimatit tae comprise some 37% o the population. Thay wur, houever, repeatedly subjectit tae severe persecution. [[Pogrom]]s wur carried oot in [[1821]], [[1859]], [[1871]], [[1881]], an [[1905]]. Mony Odessan Jews fled abroad, parteecularly tae [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] efter [[1882]], an the ceety became an important base o support for [[Zionism]]. === First half o the 20t century === In [[1905]] Odessa wis the site o a workers' uprisin supportit bi the crew o the [[Roushie battleship Potemkin]] (an aa see [[Battleship Potemkin uprising]]) an [[Lenin]]'s [[Iskra]]. [[Sergei Eisenstein]]'s famous motion picture ''[[The Battleship Potemkin]]'' commemoratit the uprisin an includit a scene whaur hunders o Odessan ceetizens wur murdered on the great stane staircase (nou popularly kent as the "Potemkin Steps"), in ane o the maist famous scenes in motion picture history. At the tap o the steps, which lead doun tae the port, stands a statue o Richelieu. The actual massacre teuk place in streets nearbi, no on the steps themselves, but the movie caused mony tae veesit Odessa tae see the steid o the "slauchter". The "Odessa Steps" continue tae be a tourist attraction in Odessa. The film wis made at Odessa's Cinema Factory, ane o the auldest cinema studios in the umwhile Soviet Union. Follaein the [[Bolshevik Revolution]] in [[1917]] durin [[Warld War I]], Odessa wis occupied bi several groups, includin the [[Ukraine|Ukrainian]] ''[[Tsentral'na Rada]]'', the [[French Airmy]], the [[Reid Airmy]] an the [[White Airmy]]. Finally, in [[1920]], the Reid Airmy teuk control o Odessa an unitit it wi the [[Ukrainian SSR]], which later acame pairt o the [[USSR]]. The fowk o Odessa suffered frae a great [[faimin]] that occurred in [[1921]]–[[1922]] as a result o the war. Durin [[Warld War II]] Odessa wis occupied bi [[Romanie durin Warld War II|Romanie]] an [[Nazi Germany|German]] forces frae [[1941]]–[[1944]]. The ceety suffered severe damage an mony casualties. Unner the [[Axis forces|Axis]] occupation, approximately 60,000&nbsp;Odessans (maistly [[Jew]]s) wur aither [[Odessa Massacre|massacred]] or deportit. Mony pairts o Odessa wur damaged durin its faw an later recaptur in Aprile [[1944]], when the ceety wis finally liberatit bi the [[Soviet Army]]. It wis ane o the first fower Soviet ceeties tae be awardit the title o "[[Hero Ceety]]" in [[1945]]. {{clear}} === Second half o the 20t century an ayont === <!-- Needs tae be rewritten --> [[File:Odessa 1.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Pushkinskaya Street.]] During the [[1960s]] an [[1970s]] the ceety grew tremendously. Nivertheless, atween the [[1970s]] an [[1990s]], the majority o Odessa's [[Jew]]s emigratit tae [[Israel]], the [[Unitit States]] an ither [[Wastren warld|Wastren]] kintras, domestic [[migration]] o Odessan middle an upper classes tae [[Moscow]] an [[Saunt Petersburg|Leningrad]] affered even greater opportunities for career advancement, an aa occurred on a lairge scale. But the ceety's grew rapidly bi filling the void wi new rural migrants elsewhere frae the Ukraine, industrial professionals invitit frae Roushie as well as ither Soviet republics. Despite bein pairt o the Ukraine Socialist Republic, the ceety preserved an somewhit reinforced its unique cosmopolitan mix o Roushie/Ukrainian/Mediterranean cultur an a predominantly Russophone environment wi a uniquely accented dialect o Roushie spoken in the ceety. The ceety's Roushie, Ukrainian, Greek, Armenie, Moldovan an Azeri an Jewish communities hae influenced different aspects o Odessa. [[File:Odessa 3.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Odessa [[tram]].]] In [[1991]], efter the collapse o [[Communism]], the ceety became pairt o newly independent [[Ukraine]]. The day Odessa is a ceety o aroond 1.1 million fowk. The ceety's industries include shipbiggin, ile refinin, chemicals, metalworkin an fuid processin. Odessa is an aa a Ukrainian [[naval]] [[Militar base|base]] an hame tae a fishin fleet. It is an aa kent for its huge ootdoor mercat, the [[Seivent-Kilometer Mercat]]. The transportation network o Odessa consists o trams<ref name = "trams">{{cite web | author = | year = | url =http://www.dgmaestro.com/tram | title =Odessa Tram Themes | format =HTML | work = | publisher = | accessdate =May 2 2006 }}</ref> (streetcaurs), [[trolleybus]]es, [[bus]]es; an [[marshrutka]]s. {{clear}} == Geography and features == Odessa is situatit ({{Coord|46|28|N|30|44|E|type:city(1,012,500)_region:UA}}) on terraced hills owerleukin a smaa harbor, approximately 31&nbsp;km (19&nbsp;mi.) north o the estuary o the [[Dniester]] river an some 443&nbsp;km (275&nbsp;mi) sooth o the Ukrainian caipital [[Kiev]]. The ceety haes a mild an dry climate wi average temperaturs in Januar o -2&nbsp;°C (29&nbsp;°F), an Julie o 22&nbsp;°C (73&nbsp;°F). It averages anly 350&nbsp;mm (14&nbsp;in) o precipitation annually. The primary leid spoken is [[Roushie leid|Roushie]], wi [[Ukrainian leid|Ukrainian]] bein less common despite its bein an offeecial leid in Ukraine. The ceety is a mix o mony nationalities an ethnic groups, includin [[Ukrainians]], [[Roushies]], [[Jews]], [[Greeks]], [[Moldovans]], [[Bulgaries]], [[Armenies]], [[Georgians]], [[Turkis fowk|Turks]], an [[Vietnamese fowk|Vietnamese]], amang ithers. == Cultur == [[File:Odessa library.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Odessa Public Library (nou Archaeological Museum), lik sae mony ither laundmerks in the ceety, wis designed in [[Neoclassicism|Neoclassical]] style.]] Odessa is a popular tourist destination, wi mony therapeutic resorts in and aroond the ceety. The [[Tolstoy]], [[Mikhail Vorontsov|Vorontsov]], an [[Potocki]] families awned pailaces in Odessa, which can still be visitit. The writer [[Isaac Babel]] wis born in the ceety, which haes an aa produced several famous muisicians, includin the [[violinist]]s [[Nathan Milstein]], [[Mischa Elman]] an [[David Oistrakh]], an the [[pianist]]s [[Benno Moiseiwitsch]], [[Sviatoslav Richter]] an [[Emil Gilels]]. The [[chess]] player [[Efim Geller]] wis born in the ceety. (Aw leetit, except for Richter, ar representatives o the ceety's Jewish community.) The maist popular Roushie shaw-business fowk frae Odessa ar [[Yakov Smirnoff]] ([[comedian]]), [[Mikhail Zhvanetsky]] (legendary [[humorist]] writer, who began his career as port ingineer) an [[Roman Kartsev]] ([[comedian]]). Thair success in [[1970s]] contributit tae Odessa's established status o a "caipital o Soviet humour". Later several humour [[festival]]s wur established in the ceety, includin the celebration o the [[Aprile Fool's Day]]. See mair fowk born in Odessa in [[:Category:Fowk frae Odessa]]. Maist o the ceety's 19t century hooses wur biggit o [[limestane]] mined nearbi. Abandoned mines wur later uised an broadened bi local [[smuggler]]s. This creatit a complicatit [[labyrinth]] o unnergrund tunnels aneath Odessa, kent as "[[catacombs]]". Thay ar a nou a great attraction for [[extreme tourist]]s. Sic tours, houever, ar no offeecially sanctioned an ar dangerous acause the layoot o the catacombs haes no been fully mapped an the tunnels themselves ar unsafe. Thir tunnels ar a primary reason why subway wis niver biggit in Odessa. == Internaitional relations == {{See an aa|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Ukraine}} === Twin touns - sister ceeties === '''Odessa''' is [[Twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]], haes sister an pairtner relationships wi mony ither ceeties throughoot the Warld: {{div col|3}} *{{flagicon|EGY}} [[Alexandria]], Egyp, ''(syne 1968)'' *{{flagicon|USA}} [[Baltimore]], Unitit States, ''(syne 1975)''<ref name="Baltimore">{{cite web|url=http://baltimore.org/visitors/international/sister-cities|title=Sister Cities|publisher=Baltimore Convention & Tourism Board|accessdate=2011-10-19|archive-date=2011-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011195723/http://baltimore.org/visitors/international/sister-cities/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *{{flagicon|MDA}} [[Chişinău]], Moldovae, ''(syne 1994)''<ref name="Chișinău twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.chisinau.md/tabview.php?l=ro&idc=526|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120903122220/http://www.chisinau.md/tabview.php?l=ro&idc=526|title=Oraşe înfrăţite (Twin cities of Minsk) ''[via WaybackMachine.com]''|publisher=Primăria Municipiului Chişinău|archivedate=2012-09-03|accessdate=2013-07-21|language=Romanian|url-status=live}}</ref> *{{flagicon|ROU}} [[Constanţa]], Romanie, ''(syne 1991)'' *{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Genoa]], Italy, ''(syne 1972)'' *{{flagicon|ISR}} [[Haifa]], Israel, ''(syne 1992)''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.haifa.muni.il/Cultures/en-US/city/CitySecretary_ForeignAffairs/EngActs.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080621013813/http://www.haifa.muni.il/Cultures/en-US/city/CitySecretary_ForeignAffairs/EngActs.htm |archivedate=2008-06-21 |title=Twin City acitivities |publisher=Haifa Municipality |accessdate=2008-11-02 |url-status=live }}</ref> *{{flagicon|TUR}} [[Istanbul]], Turkey, ''(syne 1997)''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greatistanbul.com/sister_cities.htm|title=Sister Cities of Istanbul|accessdate=2008-11-02|archive-date=2010-01-17|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5mq0Igk9U?url=http://www.greatistanbul.com/sister_cities.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=94185|publisher=Radikal|language=Turkish|date=2003-11-03|quote=49 sister cities in 2003|title=İstanbul'a 49 kardeş|last=Erdem|first=Selim Efe|accessdate=2008-11-02}}</ref> *{{flagicon|IND}} [[Kolkata]], Indie, ''(syne 1986)''<ref name="Kolkata twinnings">{{cite news|last=Mazumdar|first=Jaideep|title=A tale of two cities: Will Kolkata learn from her sister?|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/A-tale-of-two-cities-Will-Kolkata-learn-from-her-sister/articleshow/25916888.cms|accessdate=17 November 2013|newspaper=Times of India|date=17 November 2013|location=New Delhi}}</ref> *{{flagicon|MEX}} [[León, Guanajuato|León]], Mexico, ''(syne 2012)'' *{{flagicon|UK}} [[Liverpool]], Unitit Kinrick, ''(syne 1957)''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.liverpool.gov.uk/Community_and_living/Twinning/index.asp|title=Liverpool City Council: twinning|accessdate=2008-11-02|archive-date=2010-12-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101218003809/http://liverpool.gov.uk/Community_and_living/Twinning/index.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> *{{flagicon|POL}} [[Łódź]], Poland, ''(syne 1993)''<ref name="Łódź twinning">{{cite web|url=http://www.uml.lodz.pl/samorzad/miasta_partnerskie_lodzi/tabelka|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624211727/http://www.uml.lodz.pl/samorzad/miasta_partnerskie_lodzi/tabelka/|title=Miasta partnerskie - Urząd Miasta Łodzi ''[via WaybackMachine.com]''|accessdate=2013-07-21|archivedate=2013-06-24|work=City of Łódź|language=Polish|url-status=dead}}{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624211727/http://www.uml.lodz.pl/samorzad/miasta_partnerskie_lodzi/tabelka/ |date=2013-06-24 }}</ref> *{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Marseille]], Fraunce, ''(syne 1973)''<ref name="Marseille">{{cite web |url=http://www.marseille.fr/vdm/cms/accueil/mairie/international/pid/185 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080505065256/http://www.marseille.fr/vdm/cms/accueil/mairie/international/pid/185 |archivedate=2008-05-05 |title=Marseille Official Website – Twin Cities |accessdate=2008-11-26 |publisher=[[File:Flag of France.svg|10px]] {{fr icon}} 2008 Ville de Marseille |url-status=dead }}{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222232554/http://www.marseille.fr/vdm/cms/accueil/mairie/international/pid/185 |date=2008-12-22 }}</ref> *{{flagicon|CYP}} [[Nicosia]], Cyprus, ''(syne 1996)'' *{{flagicon|FIN}} [[Oulu]], Finland, ''(syne 1957)''<ref name="Oulu Twin Cities">{{cite web|url=http://www.ouka.fi/oulu/kansainvalisyys/ystavyyskaupungit|title=Ystävyyskaupungit (Twin Cities)|accessdate=2013-07-27|work = Oulun kaupunki (City of Oulu)|language = Finnish}}</ref> *{{flagicon|GRE}} [[Piraeus]], Greece, ''(syne 1993)''<ref name="Greek twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.kedke.gr/uploads/twinnedcities.pdf|title=Twinnings|accessdate=2013-08-25|work=Central Union of Municipalities & Communities of Greece|archive-date=2019-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805053212/http://www.kedke.gr/uploads/twinnedcities.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> *{{flagicon|PRC}} [[Qingdao]], Cheenae, ''(syne 1993)'' *{{flagicon|GER}} [[Regensburg]], Germany, ''(syne 1990)'' *{{flagicon|ISR}} [[Rosh HaAyin]], Israel *{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Rostov-on-Don]], Roushie, ''(syne 1999)'' *{{flagicon|CRO}} [[Split, Croatie|Split]], Croatie, ''(syne 1964)''<ref name="Split twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.split.hr/Default.aspx?sec=526|title=Gradovi prijatelji Splita|accessdate=2013-12-19|work=Grad Split [Split Official City Website]|language=Croatian|trans_title=Split Twin Towns|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324035937/http://www.split.hr/Default.aspx?sec=526|archivedate=2012-03-24|url-status=live}}</ref> *{{flagicon|HUN}} [[Szeged]], Hungary, ''(syne 1977)'' *{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Valencia]], Spain, ''(syne 1922)''<ref name="Valencia twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.valencia.es/ayuntamiento/rinternacionales_accesible.nsf/vDocumentosTituloAux/D80022569C2533B9C12571F100285E72?OpenDocument&bdOrigen=ayuntamiento%2Frinternacionales_accesible.nsf&idapoyo=&lang=1&nivel=3|title=Ciudades Hermanadas con València|accessdate=2013-08-08|work=Ajuntament de València [City of Valencia]|trans_title=Valencia Twin/Sister Cities|language=Spanish|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029071705/http://www.valencia.es/ayuntamiento/rinternacionales_accesible.nsf/vDocumentosTituloAux/D80022569C2533B9C12571F100285E72?OpenDocument&bdOrigen=ayuntamiento%2Frinternacionales_accesible.nsf&idapoyo=&lang=1&nivel=3|archivedate=2012-10-29|url-status=live}}</ref> *{{flagicon|CAN}} [[Vancouver]], Canadae, ''(syne 1944)''<ref name="Vancouver">{{cite web|url=http://vancouver.ca/ctyclerk/cclerk/20080311/documents/a14.pdf|format=PDF|title=Vancouver Twinning Relationships|publisher=City of Vancouver|accessdate=2009-07-18}}</ref> *{{flagicon|BUL}} [[Varna]], Bulgarie <small>''(syne 1992)''</small> *{{flagicon|ARM}} [[Yerevan]], Armenie <small>''(syne 1995)''<ref name="Yerevan twinnings 2">{{cite web|url=http://www.yerevan.am/3-194-194.html|title=Yerevan - Twin Towns & Sister Cities|accessdate=2013-11-04|work=Yerevan Municipality Official Website|publisher=© 2005—2013 www.yerevan.am|archive-date=2013-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105095529/http://www.yerevan.am/3-194-194.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Yerevan twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.yerevan.am/pages.php?lang=1&id=184&page_name=news|title=ԵՐԵՎԱՆԻ ՔԱՂԱՔԱՊԵՏԱՐԱՆՊԱՇՏՈՆԱԿԱՆ ԿԱՅՔ|publisher=[http://www.yerevan.amwww.yerevan.am]|accessdate=2013-08-05|trans_title=Yerevan expanding its international relations|language=Armenian|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512174924/http://www.yerevan.am/pages.php?lang=1&id=184&page_name=news|archivedate=2013-05-12|url-status=live}}</ref></small> *{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Yokohama]], Japan <small>''(syne 1968)''<ref name="Yokohama">{{cite web|url=http://www.welcome.city.yokohama.jp/eng/tourism/mame/a3000.html|title=Official Yokohama City Tourism Website: ''Sister Cities''|accessdate=2008-11-11|publisher=Yokohama Convention & Visitors Bureau|archive-date=2009-05-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090505110044/http://www.welcome.city.yokohama.jp/eng/tourism/mame/a3000.html|url-status=dead}}</ref></small> {{div col end}} === Pairtner ceeties === {|style="width:100%" |- | style="width:33.3%;"| * {{Flag icon|Belarus}} [[Brest, Belaroushie|Brest]], [[Belaroushie]] <small>''(syne 2004)''</small><ref>{{cite web |url=http://city.brest.by/article_in.php?id=1464&tc=26&tc2=31 |title=Побратимские связи г. Бреста |language={{ru icon}} |publisher=City.brest.by |date= |accessdate=2010-10-03 |archive-date=2009-04-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090418161507/http://city.brest.by/article_in.php?id=1464&tc=26&tc2=31 |url-status=dead }}</ref></small> * {{Flagicon|Poland}} [[Gdańsk|Gdansk]], [[Poland]] <small>''(syne 1996)''</small><ref name="Gdańsk">{{cite web|url=http://www.gdansk.pl/samorzad,62,733.html|title=Gdańsk Official Website: 'Miasta partnerskie'|publisher=[[copyright|©]] 2009 [http://www.gdansk.pl/ Urząd Miejski w Gdańsku]|language=Polish & English|accessdate=2009-07-11|archive-date=2013-07-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723091807/http://www.gdansk.pl/samorzad%2C62%2C733.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * {{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Volgograd]], [[Roushie]] <small>''(syne 2001)''</small> * {{Flagicon|Lithuania}} [[Klaipėda|Klaipeda]], [[Lithuanie]] <small>''(syne 2004)''</small> * {{Flagicon|Cyprus}} [[Larnaca]], [[Cyprus]] <small>''(syne 2004)''</small><ref name="Greek twinnings"/> | style="width:33.3%;"| * {{Flagicon|Belarus}} [[Minsk]], [[Belaroushie]] <small>''(syne 1996)''</small> * {{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Moscow]], [[Roushie]] <small>''(syne 1995)''</small> * {{Flagicon|China}} [[Ningbo]], [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae|Cheenae]] <small>''(syne 2008)''</small> * {{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Saunt Petersburg]], [[Roushie]] <small>''(syne 2002)''</small> * {{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Taganrog]], [[Roushie]] <small>''(syne 1993)''</small> | style="width:33.3%;"| * {{Flagicon|Estonia}} [[Tallinn]], [[Estonie]] <small>''(syne 1997)''</small> * {{Flagicon|Chile}} [[Valparaíso|Valparaiso]], [[Chile]] <small>''(syne 2004)''</small> * {{Flagicon|Austria}} [[Vienna]], [[Austrick]] <small>''(syne 2006)''</small> |} == References == {{Reflist|30em}} == External links == * [http://www.2odessa.com Odessa guide] {{Commonscat}} {{Cities in Ukraine}} [[Category:Black Sea]] [[Category:Odessa| ]]<!--leave the empty space as standard--> [[Category:Ceeties in Odessa Oblast]] [[Category:Historic Jewish commonties]] [[Category:Jewish Ukrainian history]] [[Category:Populatit coastal places in Ukraine]] [[Category:Port ceeties an touns in Ukraine]] [[Category:Roushie an Soviet Navy bases]] [[Category:Seaside resorts in Ukraine]] [[Category:Ukrainian Navy]] s9x0x2a48gkbcku31b8i1ywie1by12d 869904 869903 2022-08-23T23:41:56Z CiphriusKane 74958 Ondae reveesion 869903 bi [[Special:Contributions/2003:F6:F09:A783:D00:7B88:D684:DC58|2003:F6:F09:A783:D00:7B88:D684:DC58]] ([[User talk:2003:F6:F09:A783:D00:7B88:D684:DC58|Tauk]])Unexplaitn remuival wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |name =Odesa (Одеса)<br>Odessa (Одесса) |image_skyline = Odessa-Montage-2016.png |image_caption = '''Clockwise:''' monument tae Duke de Richelieu, [[Vorontsov Lichthoose]], [[Odessa ceety gairden|ceety gairden]], [[Odessa Opera an Ballet Theater|Opera an Ballet Theatre]], [[Potemkin Stairs]], Square de Richelieu |image_flag =Flag of Odessa.svg |image_shield =Coat of Arms of Odessa.svg |image_blank_emblem = Odessa-logo.gif |shield_size =90px |pushpin_map =Ukraine |pushpin_mapsize =250 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Ukraine |subdivision_type =Kintra |subdivision_name ={{UKR}} |subdivision_type1 =[[Oblast]] |subdivision_name1 ={{flag|Odessa Oblast}} |subdivision_type2 =[[Raion|Ceety Municipality]] |subdivision_name2 ={{flagicon image|Flag of Odessa.svg}} Odessa |leader_title =Mayor |leader_name =[[Aleksey A Kostusyev]]<ref>[http://www.odessa.ua/en/mayor/ Official site of Odessa], ''Odessa City Mayor''.</ref> |established_title =Port foondit |established_date =2 September 1794 |area_total_km2 =236.9 |population_as_of =1 Julie 2011 |population_total =1,003,705 |population_metro =1,191,000<sup>1</sup> |population_blank1_title= [[Demonym]] |population_blank1= {{lang-uk|Одесит, одеситка}} |population_density_km2= 6141 |timezone =EET |utc_offset =+2 |timezone_DST =EEST |utc_offset_DST =+3 |coordinates = {{coord|46|28|N|30|44|E|region:UA|display=inline,title}} |elevation_m =40 |elevation_max_m =65 |elevation_min_m =-4.2 |postal_code_type =Postal code |postal_code =65000–65480 |area_code =+380 48 |website =[http://www.odessa.ua/?lang=en www.odessa.ua] |footnotes =<sup>1</sup> The population o the metropolitan aurie is as o 2001. }} '''Odessa''' or '''Odesa''' ({{lang-uk|Оде́са}}, {{IPA-uk|ɔˈdɛsɑ|pron}}), ({{lang-rus|Оде́сса|p=ɐˈdʲesə}}), is the third lairgest ceety in [[Ukraine]], wi a population o 1,003,705. At the beginnin o the 20t century it wis the biggest ceety o Ukraine an haed a special unthirlt jurisdiction. The ceety is a major [[Port o Odessa|seaport]] an transportation hub locatit on the northwastren shore o the [[Black Sea]]. Odessa is an aa an [[admeenistrative centre]] o the [[Odessa Oblast]] an major cultural centre o multi-ethnic population. Its alternative Roushie name is the ''Soothren Palmira''. The predecessor o Odessa, a smaa [[Tatars|Tatar]] [[Human dounset|dounset]], wis foondit bi [[Hacı I Giray]], the [[Khan (teetle)|Khan]] o [[Crimean Khanate|Crimea]] in 1440. Efter a period o [[Grand Duchy o Lithuanie|Lithuanie]] control, it passed intae the domain o the [[Ottoman Dynasty|Ottoman]] [[Sultan]] in 1529 an remained in Ottoman haunds till the [[Ottoman Empire]]'s defeat in the [[Russo-Turkis War (1787–1792)|Russo-Turkis War]] o 1792. The ceety o Odessa wis foondit bi a decree o the Empress [[Catherine the Great]] in 1794. Frae 1819 tae 1858 Odessa wis a [[Leet o free ports|free port]]. Durin the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] period it wis the maist important port o tred in the [[Soviet Union]] an a Soviet [[naval dockyard|naval base]]. On 1 Januar 2000 the Quarantine Pier o Odessa tred sea port wis declared a free port an [[free economic zone]] for a term o 25 years. In the 19t century it wis the fowert lairgest ceety o [[Roushie Empire|Imperial Roushie]], efter Moscow, [[Saunt Petersburg]] an [[Warsaw]].<ref name="PH">{{cite journal|first=Patricia|last=Herlihy|authorlink=Patricia Herlihy|year=1977|title=The Ethnic Composition of the City of Odessa in the Nineteenth Century|pages=g. 53}}</ref> Its historical airchitectur haes a style mair [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]] nor Roushie, haein been hivily influencit bi French an Italian styles. Some biggins are biggit in a mixtur o different styles, includin [[Art Nouveau]], [[Renaissance airchitectur|Renaissance]] an [[Clessicism|Clessicist]].<ref name="UKRWorld">{{cite web|url=http://ukrworld.com.ua/odesskaya-oblast/odessa/97-odessa-architecture-and-monuments.html|title=Odessa: Architecture and Monuments|publisher=2009 [http://ukrworld.com.ua/ UKRWorld.Com]|accessdate=2009-06-09|archive-date=2012-03-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306163050/http://ukrworld.com.ua/odesskaya-oblast/odessa/97-odessa-architecture-and-monuments.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Odessa is a [[Port o caw|wairm watter port]]. The ceety o Odessa hosts twa important ports: [[Port o Odessa]] itsel an [[Yuzhne|Port Yuzhne]] (an aa an internaitionally important ile [[Container terminal|terminal]]), situatit in the ceety's suburbs. Anither important port, [[Port o Illichivsk|Illichivsk]], is locatit in the same [[oblast]], tae the sooth-wast o Odessa. Thegither thay represent a major [[transport hub]] integratin wi railways. Odessa's ile an chemical processin facilities are connectit tae [[Roushie]]'s an EU's respective networks bi strategic [[Pipeline transport|pipeline]]s. ==Name== The oreegin o the name Odessa is unkent, but it is proponit the ceety wis namit efter the auncient Greek ceety o [[:en:Varna#Antiquity and Bulgarian conquest|Odessos]] (Oδησσός), which wis falsely believit tae hae been foondit at the location o present day Odessa; awtho Odessa is in fact locatit in the aurie atween the auncient Greek ceeties o [[Tyras]] (Τύρας) an [[Olbia, Ukraine|Olbia]] (Ὀλβία). == History == [[File:potemkinstairs.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The 142-metre-lang Potemkin (oreeginally Richelieu) Stairs (constructit 1834–1841), made famous bi [[Sergei Eisenstein]] in his movie ''[[Battleship Potemkin]]'' (1925). It is the set for arguably the maist celebratit short sequence ever filmed.]] === Frae foondation tae the end o the 19t century === <!-- The first paragraph needs tae be rewritten --> In the [[Anno Domini|AD]] [[15t century]], [[nomad]]ic tribes o the [[Nogays]] unner the [[suzerainty]] o the [[Crimean Khanate|Khanate o Crimea]] inhabitit what is nou the Odessa region. Durin the reign o [[Khan]] [[Haci I Giray]], the Khanate wis endangered bi the [[Golden Horde]] an the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman Turks]] an, in sairch o allies, the khan agreed tae cede the aurie tae the [[Grand Duchy o Lithuanie]]. The site o present-day Odessa wis then a toun kent as '''Khadjibey''' (an aa spelled as Khadjibei, Khadzhibei, or Gadzhibei; [[Lithuanian leid|Lithuanian]]: ''Chadžibėjus''; [[Crimean Tatar leid|Crimean Tatar]] an [[Turkish leid|Turkish]]: ''Hacibey'') an wis pairt o the [[Dykra]] region. Houever, the aurie wis ae sparsely populated wi [[Turkic fowks|Turkic]] tribes an consistit maistly o unpopulatit [[steppe]]s. Khadjibey came unner direct control o the [[Ottoman Empire]] efter [[1529]] an wis pairt o a region kent as [[Yedisan]] an wis administered in the Ottoman [[Silistra Province, Ottoman Empire|Silistra (Özi) Province]]. In the mid-[[18t century]], the Ottomans rebuilt a fortress at Khadjibey, which wis named '''Eni Dunia''' ([[Turkish leid|Turkish]]: ''Yeni Dünya'', literally "new warld"). Durin the [[Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792|Russo-Turkish War o 1787–1792]], on [[25 September]] [[1789]], a detachment o Roushie forces unner [[Ivan Gudovich]] teuk Khadjibey an Yeni Dünya for the [[Roushie Empire]]. Ane pairt o the troops wis unner command o a [[Spainyie fowk|Spaniard]] in Roushie service, Major General [[José de Ribas]] (kent in Roushie as Osip Mikhailovich Deribas) an the main street in Odessa the day, [[Deribasovskaya]] street, is named efter him. Roushie formally gained possession o the aurie as a result o the [[Treaty o Jassy]] (Iaşi) in [[1792]] an it became a pairt o the sae-cawed [[Novorossiya]] ("New Roushie"). A ceety wis offeecially foondit in [[1794]] as a [[Roushie]] naval fortress on the ruins o Khadjibey an wis renamed '''Odessa''' bi Januar [[1795]] (when its new name wis first mentioned in offeecial correspondence). Neither origin o the new name nor reasons for renamin ar kent, tho [[etymology|etymologies]] an [[anecdote]]s aboond. Accordin tae ane o the stories, when someane suggestit [[Odessos]] as a name for the new Roushie port, [[Catherine II o Roushie|Catherine&nbsp;II]] said that aw names in the Sooth o the Empire wur already 'masculine,' an didna want yet anither ane, sae she decidit tae chynge it tae mair 'feminine' Odessa. This anecdote is hichtlie dubious, acause thare wur at least twa ceeties ([[Eupatoria]] an [[Theodosia]]) which names soond 'feminine' for a Roushie; besides, the [[Czarina]] wis no a native Roushie speaker, an finally, aw ceeties ar [[grammatical gender|feminine]] in [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] (as well as in [[Latin]]). Anither legend derives the name 'Odessa' frae the wird-play: in [[French leid|French]] (which ''wis'' then the leid spoken at the Roushie court), 'plenty o watter' is ''assez d'eau''; if said backwards, it soonds seemilar tae that o the Greek colony's name (an watter-relatit pun maks perfect sense, acause Odessa, tho situatit next tae the huge body o watter, haes limitit fresh watter supply). Onyhou, a link wi the name o the ancient Greek colony persists, sae thare might be some truth in the oral tradeetion. The new ceety quickly became a major success. Its early growthe owed muckle tae the wirk o the [[Armand-Emmanuel du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu|Duc de Richelieu]], who served as the ceety's governor atween [[1803]]–[[1814]]. Haein fled the [[French Revolution]], he haed served in Catherine's airmy against the Turks. He is creditit wit designin the ceety an organisin its amenities an infrastructure, an is considered ane o the foondin faithers o Odessa, thegither wi anither Frenchman, Coont [[Alexandre Langeron]], who succeedit him in office. Richelieu is commemoratit bi a bronze statue, unveiled in [[1828]] tae a design bi [[Ivan Martos]]. In [[1819]] the ceety wis made a free port, a status it retained till [[1859]]. It became hame tae an extremely diverse population o [[Roushies]], [[Ukrainians]], [[Jews]], [[Greeks]], [[Bulgarians]], [[Albanians]], [[Armenians]], [[Italians]], [[French fowk|Frenchmen]], [[Germans]] an traders representin mony ither European naitionalities (hence numerous 'ethnic' names on the ceety's cairt, ''e.g.'', ''Frantsuszkiy'' (French) an ''Italianskiy'' (Italian) Boulevards, ''Grecheskaya'' (Greek), ''Evreyskaya'' (Jewish), ''Arnautskaya'' (Albanian) Streets). Its cosmopolitan naitur wis documented bi the great Roushie poet [[Alexander Pushkin]], who lived in internal exile in Odessa atween [[1823]]–[[1824]]. In his letters he wrote that Odessa wis a ceety whaur "ye can smell Europe. French is spoken an there ar European papers an magazines tae read". Odessa's growthe wis interrupted bi the [[Crimean War]] o [[1853]]–[[1856]], durin which it wis bombardit bi [[Unitit Kinrick o Great Breetain an Ireland|Breetish]] an [[Fraunce|French]] naval forces. It suin recovered an the growthe in tred made Odessa Roushie's lairgest grain-exportin port. In [[1866]] the ceety wis linked bi rail wi [[Kiev]] an [[Kharkov]] as well as [[Iaşi]], [[Romanie]]. [[File:Odessa richelieu.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Richelieu Street an the Opera Theatre in the 1890s.]] The ceety became the hame o a lairge Jewish community durin the [[19t century]], an bi [[1897]] Jews wur estimatit tae comprise some 37% o the population. Thay wur, houever, repeatedly subjectit tae severe persecution. [[Pogrom]]s wur carried oot in [[1821]], [[1859]], [[1871]], [[1881]], an [[1905]]. Mony Odessan Jews fled abroad, parteecularly tae [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] efter [[1882]], an the ceety became an important base o support for [[Zionism]]. === First half o the 20t century === In [[1905]] Odessa wis the site o a workers' uprisin supportit bi the crew o the [[Roushie battleship Potemkin]] (an aa see [[Battleship Potemkin uprising]]) an [[Lenin]]'s [[Iskra]]. [[Sergei Eisenstein]]'s famous motion picture ''[[The Battleship Potemkin]]'' commemoratit the uprisin an includit a scene whaur hunders o Odessan ceetizens wur murdered on the great stane staircase (nou popularly kent as the "Potemkin Steps"), in ane o the maist famous scenes in motion picture history. At the tap o the steps, which lead doun tae the port, stands a statue o Richelieu. The actual massacre teuk place in streets nearbi, no on the steps themselves, but the movie caused mony tae veesit Odessa tae see the steid o the "slauchter". The "Odessa Steps" continue tae be a tourist attraction in Odessa. The film wis made at Odessa's Cinema Factory, ane o the auldest cinema studios in the umwhile Soviet Union. Follaein the [[Bolshevik Revolution]] in [[1917]] durin [[Warld War I]], Odessa wis occupied bi several groups, includin the [[Ukraine|Ukrainian]] ''[[Tsentral'na Rada]]'', the [[French Airmy]], the [[Reid Airmy]] an the [[White Airmy]]. Finally, in [[1920]], the Reid Airmy teuk control o Odessa an unitit it wi the [[Ukrainian SSR]], which later acame pairt o the [[USSR]]. The fowk o Odessa suffered frae a great [[faimin]] that occurred in [[1921]]–[[1922]] as a result o the war. Durin [[Warld War II]] Odessa wis occupied bi [[Romanie durin Warld War II|Romanie]] an [[Nazi Germany|German]] forces frae [[1941]]–[[1944]]. The ceety suffered severe damage an mony casualties. Unner the [[Axis forces|Axis]] occupation, approximately 60,000&nbsp;Odessans (maistly [[Jew]]s) wur aither [[Odessa Massacre|massacred]] or deportit. Mony pairts o Odessa wur damaged durin its faw an later recaptur in Aprile [[1944]], when the ceety wis finally liberatit bi the [[Soviet Army]]. It wis ane o the first fower Soviet ceeties tae be awardit the title o "[[Hero Ceety]]" in [[1945]]. {{clear}} === Second half o the 20t century an ayont === <!-- Needs tae be rewritten --> [[File:Odessa 1.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Pushkinskaya Street.]] During the [[1960s]] an [[1970s]] the ceety grew tremendously. Nivertheless, atween the [[1970s]] an [[1990s]], the majority o Odessa's [[Jew]]s emigratit tae [[Israel]], the [[Unitit States]] an ither [[Wastren warld|Wastren]] kintras, domestic [[migration]] o Odessan middle an upper classes tae [[Moscow]] an [[Saunt Petersburg|Leningrad]] affered even greater opportunities for career advancement, an aa occurred on a lairge scale. But the ceety's grew rapidly bi filling the void wi new rural migrants elsewhere frae the Ukraine, industrial professionals invitit frae Roushie as well as ither Soviet republics. Despite bein pairt o the Ukraine Socialist Republic, the ceety preserved an somewhit reinforced its unique cosmopolitan mix o Roushie/Ukrainian/Mediterranean cultur an a predominantly Russophone environment wi a uniquely accented dialect o Roushie spoken in the ceety. The ceety's Roushie, Ukrainian, Greek, Armenie, Moldovan an Azeri an Jewish communities hae influenced different aspects o Odessa. [[File:Odessa 3.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Odessa [[tram]].]] In [[1991]], efter the collapse o [[Communism]], the ceety became pairt o newly independent [[Ukraine]]. The day Odessa is a ceety o aroond 1.1 million fowk. The ceety's industries include shipbiggin, ile refinin, chemicals, metalworkin an fuid processin. Odessa is an aa a Ukrainian [[naval]] [[Militar base|base]] an hame tae a fishin fleet. It is an aa kent for its huge ootdoor mercat, the [[Seivent-Kilometer Mercat]]. The transportation network o Odessa consists o trams<ref name = "trams">{{cite web | author = | year = | url =http://www.dgmaestro.com/tram | title =Odessa Tram Themes | format =HTML | work = | publisher = | accessdate =May 2 2006 }}</ref> (streetcaurs), [[trolleybus]]es, [[bus]]es; an [[marshrutka]]s. {{clear}} == Geography and features == Odessa is situatit ({{Coord|46|28|N|30|44|E|type:city(1,012,500)_region:UA}}) on terraced hills owerleukin a smaa harbor, approximately 31&nbsp;km (19&nbsp;mi.) north o the estuary o the [[Dniester]] river an some 443&nbsp;km (275&nbsp;mi) sooth o the Ukrainian caipital [[Kiev]]. The ceety haes a mild an dry climate wi average temperaturs in Januar o -2&nbsp;°C (29&nbsp;°F), an Julie o 22&nbsp;°C (73&nbsp;°F). It averages anly 350&nbsp;mm (14&nbsp;in) o precipitation annually. The primary leid spoken is [[Roushie leid|Roushie]], wi [[Ukrainian leid|Ukrainian]] bein less common despite its bein an offeecial leid in Ukraine. The ceety is a mix o mony nationalities an ethnic groups, includin [[Ukrainians]], [[Roushies]], [[Jews]], [[Greeks]], [[Moldovans]], [[Bulgaries]], [[Armenies]], [[Georgians]], [[Turkis fowk|Turks]], an [[Vietnamese fowk|Vietnamese]], amang ithers. == Cultur == [[File:Odessa library.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Odessa Public Library (nou Archaeological Museum), lik sae mony ither laundmerks in the ceety, wis designed in [[Neoclassicism|Neoclassical]] style.]] Odessa is a popular tourist destination, wi mony therapeutic resorts in and aroond the ceety. The [[Tolstoy]], [[Mikhail Vorontsov|Vorontsov]], an [[Potocki]] families awned pailaces in Odessa, which can still be visitit. The writer [[Isaac Babel]] wis born in the ceety, which haes an aa produced several famous muisicians, includin the [[violinist]]s [[Nathan Milstein]], [[Mischa Elman]] an [[David Oistrakh]], an the [[pianist]]s [[Benno Moiseiwitsch]], [[Sviatoslav Richter]] an [[Emil Gilels]]. The [[chess]] player [[Efim Geller]] wis born in the ceety. (Aw leetit, except for Richter, ar representatives o the ceety's Jewish community.) The maist popular Roushie shaw-business fowk frae Odessa ar [[Yakov Smirnoff]] ([[comedian]]), [[Mikhail Zhvanetsky]] (legendary [[humorist]] writer, who began his career as port ingineer) an [[Roman Kartsev]] ([[comedian]]). Thair success in [[1970s]] contributit tae Odessa's established status o a "caipital o Soviet humour". Later several humour [[festival]]s wur established in the ceety, includin the celebration o the [[Aprile Fool's Day]]. See mair fowk born in Odessa in [[:Category:Fowk frae Odessa]]. Maist o the ceety's 19t century hooses wur biggit o [[limestane]] mined nearbi. Abandoned mines wur later uised an broadened bi local [[smuggler]]s. This creatit a complicatit [[labyrinth]] o unnergrund tunnels aneath Odessa, kent as "[[catacombs]]". Thay ar a nou a great attraction for [[extreme tourist]]s. Sic tours, houever, ar no offeecially sanctioned an ar dangerous acause the layoot o the catacombs haes no been fully mapped an the tunnels themselves ar unsafe. Thir tunnels ar a primary reason why subway wis niver biggit in Odessa. == Internaitional relations == {{See an aa|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Ukraine}} === Twin touns - sister ceeties === '''Odessa''' is [[Twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]], haes sister an pairtner relationships wi mony ither ceeties throughoot the Warld: {{div col|3}} *{{flagicon|EGY}} [[Alexandria]], Egyp, ''(syne 1968)'' *{{flagicon|USA}} [[Baltimore]], Unitit States, ''(syne 1975)''<ref name="Baltimore">{{cite web|url=http://baltimore.org/visitors/international/sister-cities|title=Sister Cities|publisher=Baltimore Convention & Tourism Board|accessdate=2011-10-19|archive-date=2011-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011195723/http://baltimore.org/visitors/international/sister-cities/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *{{flagicon|MDA}} [[Chişinău]], Moldovae, ''(syne 1994)''<ref name="Chișinău twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.chisinau.md/tabview.php?l=ro&idc=526|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120903122220/http://www.chisinau.md/tabview.php?l=ro&idc=526|title=Oraşe înfrăţite (Twin cities of Minsk) ''[via WaybackMachine.com]''|publisher=Primăria Municipiului Chişinău|archivedate=2012-09-03|accessdate=2013-07-21|language=Romanian|url-status=live}}</ref> *{{flagicon|ROU}} [[Constanţa]], Romanie, ''(syne 1991)'' *{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Genoa]], Italy, ''(syne 1972)'' *{{flagicon|ISR}} [[Haifa]], Israel, ''(syne 1992)''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.haifa.muni.il/Cultures/en-US/city/CitySecretary_ForeignAffairs/EngActs.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080621013813/http://www.haifa.muni.il/Cultures/en-US/city/CitySecretary_ForeignAffairs/EngActs.htm |archivedate=2008-06-21 |title=Twin City acitivities |publisher=Haifa Municipality |accessdate=2008-11-02 |url-status=live }}</ref> *{{flagicon|TUR}} [[Istanbul]], Turkey, ''(syne 1997)''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greatistanbul.com/sister_cities.htm|title=Sister Cities of Istanbul|accessdate=2008-11-02|archive-date=2010-01-17|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5mq0Igk9U?url=http://www.greatistanbul.com/sister_cities.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=94185|publisher=Radikal|language=Turkish|date=2003-11-03|quote=49 sister cities in 2003|title=İstanbul'a 49 kardeş|last=Erdem|first=Selim Efe|accessdate=2008-11-02}}</ref> *{{flagicon|IND}} [[Kolkata]], Indie, ''(syne 1986)''<ref name="Kolkata twinnings">{{cite news|last=Mazumdar|first=Jaideep|title=A tale of two cities: Will Kolkata learn from her sister?|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/A-tale-of-two-cities-Will-Kolkata-learn-from-her-sister/articleshow/25916888.cms|accessdate=17 November 2013|newspaper=Times of India|date=17 November 2013|location=New Delhi}}</ref> *{{flagicon|MEX}} [[León, Guanajuato|León]], Mexico, ''(syne 2012)'' *{{flagicon|UK}} [[Liverpool]], Unitit Kinrick, ''(syne 1957)''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.liverpool.gov.uk/Community_and_living/Twinning/index.asp|title=Liverpool City Council: twinning|accessdate=2008-11-02|archive-date=2010-12-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101218003809/http://liverpool.gov.uk/Community_and_living/Twinning/index.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> *{{flagicon|POL}} [[Łódź]], Poland, ''(syne 1993)''<ref name="Łódź twinning">{{cite web|url=http://www.uml.lodz.pl/samorzad/miasta_partnerskie_lodzi/tabelka|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624211727/http://www.uml.lodz.pl/samorzad/miasta_partnerskie_lodzi/tabelka/|title=Miasta partnerskie - Urząd Miasta Łodzi ''[via WaybackMachine.com]''|accessdate=2013-07-21|archivedate=2013-06-24|work=City of Łódź|language=Polish|url-status=dead}}{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624211727/http://www.uml.lodz.pl/samorzad/miasta_partnerskie_lodzi/tabelka/ |date=2013-06-24 }}</ref> *{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Marseille]], Fraunce, ''(syne 1973)''<ref name="Marseille">{{cite web |url=http://www.marseille.fr/vdm/cms/accueil/mairie/international/pid/185 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080505065256/http://www.marseille.fr/vdm/cms/accueil/mairie/international/pid/185 |archivedate=2008-05-05 |title=Marseille Official Website – Twin Cities |accessdate=2008-11-26 |publisher=[[File:Flag of France.svg|10px]] {{fr icon}} 2008 Ville de Marseille |url-status=dead }}{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222232554/http://www.marseille.fr/vdm/cms/accueil/mairie/international/pid/185 |date=2008-12-22 }}</ref> *{{flagicon|CYP}} [[Nicosia]], Cyprus, ''(syne 1996)'' *{{flagicon|FIN}} [[Oulu]], Finland, ''(syne 1957)''<ref name="Oulu Twin Cities">{{cite web|url=http://www.ouka.fi/oulu/kansainvalisyys/ystavyyskaupungit|title=Ystävyyskaupungit (Twin Cities)|accessdate=2013-07-27|work = Oulun kaupunki (City of Oulu)|language = Finnish}}</ref> *{{flagicon|GRE}} [[Piraeus]], Greece, ''(syne 1993)''<ref name="Greek twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.kedke.gr/uploads/twinnedcities.pdf|title=Twinnings|accessdate=2013-08-25|work=Central Union of Municipalities & Communities of Greece|archive-date=2019-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805053212/http://www.kedke.gr/uploads/twinnedcities.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> *{{flagicon|PRC}} [[Qingdao]], Cheenae, ''(syne 1993)'' *{{flagicon|GER}} [[Regensburg]], Germany, ''(syne 1990)'' *{{flagicon|ISR}} [[Rosh HaAyin]], Israel *{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Rostov-on-Don]], Roushie, ''(syne 1999)'' *{{flagicon|CRO}} [[Split, Croatie|Split]], Croatie, ''(syne 1964)''<ref name="Split twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.split.hr/Default.aspx?sec=526|title=Gradovi prijatelji Splita|accessdate=2013-12-19|work=Grad Split [Split Official City Website]|language=Croatian|trans_title=Split Twin Towns|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324035937/http://www.split.hr/Default.aspx?sec=526|archivedate=2012-03-24|url-status=live}}</ref> *{{flagicon|HUN}} [[Szeged]], Hungary, ''(syne 1977)'' *{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Valencia]], Spain, ''(syne 1922)''<ref name="Valencia twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.valencia.es/ayuntamiento/rinternacionales_accesible.nsf/vDocumentosTituloAux/D80022569C2533B9C12571F100285E72?OpenDocument&bdOrigen=ayuntamiento%2Frinternacionales_accesible.nsf&idapoyo=&lang=1&nivel=3|title=Ciudades Hermanadas con València|accessdate=2013-08-08|work=Ajuntament de València [City of Valencia]|trans_title=Valencia Twin/Sister Cities|language=Spanish|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029071705/http://www.valencia.es/ayuntamiento/rinternacionales_accesible.nsf/vDocumentosTituloAux/D80022569C2533B9C12571F100285E72?OpenDocument&bdOrigen=ayuntamiento%2Frinternacionales_accesible.nsf&idapoyo=&lang=1&nivel=3|archivedate=2012-10-29|url-status=live}}</ref> *{{flagicon|CAN}} [[Vancouver]], Canadae, ''(syne 1944)''<ref name="Vancouver">{{cite web|url=http://vancouver.ca/ctyclerk/cclerk/20080311/documents/a14.pdf|format=PDF|title=Vancouver Twinning Relationships|publisher=City of Vancouver|accessdate=2009-07-18}}</ref> *{{flagicon|BUL}} [[Varna]], Bulgarie <small>''(syne 1992)''</small> *{{flagicon|ARM}} [[Yerevan]], Armenie <small>''(syne 1995)''<ref name="Yerevan twinnings 2">{{cite web|url=http://www.yerevan.am/3-194-194.html|title=Yerevan - Twin Towns & Sister Cities|accessdate=2013-11-04|work=Yerevan Municipality Official Website|publisher=© 2005—2013 www.yerevan.am|archive-date=2013-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105095529/http://www.yerevan.am/3-194-194.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Yerevan twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.yerevan.am/pages.php?lang=1&id=184&page_name=news|title=ԵՐԵՎԱՆԻ ՔԱՂԱՔԱՊԵՏԱՐԱՆՊԱՇՏՈՆԱԿԱՆ ԿԱՅՔ|publisher=[http://www.yerevan.amwww.yerevan.am]|accessdate=2013-08-05|trans_title=Yerevan expanding its international relations|language=Armenian|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512174924/http://www.yerevan.am/pages.php?lang=1&id=184&page_name=news|archivedate=2013-05-12|url-status=live}}</ref></small> *{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Yokohama]], Japan <small>''(syne 1968)''<ref name="Yokohama">{{cite web|url=http://www.welcome.city.yokohama.jp/eng/tourism/mame/a3000.html|title=Official Yokohama City Tourism Website: ''Sister Cities''|accessdate=2008-11-11|publisher=Yokohama Convention & Visitors Bureau|archive-date=2009-05-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090505110044/http://www.welcome.city.yokohama.jp/eng/tourism/mame/a3000.html|url-status=dead}}</ref></small> {{div col end}} === Pairtner ceeties === {|style="width:100%" |- | style="width:33.3%;"| * {{Flag icon|Belarus}} [[Brest, Belaroushie|Brest]], [[Belaroushie]] <small>''(syne 2004)''</small><ref>{{cite web |url=http://city.brest.by/article_in.php?id=1464&tc=26&tc2=31 |title=Побратимские связи г. Бреста |language={{ru icon}} |publisher=City.brest.by |date= |accessdate=2010-10-03 |archive-date=2009-04-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090418161507/http://city.brest.by/article_in.php?id=1464&tc=26&tc2=31 |url-status=dead }}</ref></small> * {{Flagicon|Poland}} [[Gdańsk|Gdansk]], [[Poland]] <small>''(syne 1996)''</small><ref name="Gdańsk">{{cite web|url=http://www.gdansk.pl/samorzad,62,733.html|title=Gdańsk Official Website: 'Miasta partnerskie'|publisher=[[copyright|©]] 2009 [http://www.gdansk.pl/ Urząd Miejski w Gdańsku]|language=Polish & English|accessdate=2009-07-11|archive-date=2013-07-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723091807/http://www.gdansk.pl/samorzad%2C62%2C733.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * {{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Volgograd]], [[Roushie]] <small>''(syne 2001)''</small> * {{Flagicon|Lithuania}} [[Klaipėda|Klaipeda]], [[Lithuanie]] <small>''(syne 2004)''</small> * {{Flagicon|Cyprus}} [[Larnaca]], [[Cyprus]] <small>''(syne 2004)''</small><ref name="Greek twinnings"/> | style="width:33.3%;"| * {{Flagicon|Belarus}} [[Minsk]], [[Belaroushie]] <small>''(syne 1996)''</small> * {{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Moscow]], [[Roushie]] <small>''(syne 1995)''</small> * {{Flagicon|China}} [[Ningbo]], [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae|Cheenae]] <small>''(syne 2008)''</small> * {{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Saunt Petersburg]], [[Roushie]] <small>''(syne 2002)''</small> * {{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Taganrog]], [[Roushie]] <small>''(syne 1993)''</small> | style="width:33.3%;"| * {{Flagicon|Estonia}} [[Tallinn]], [[Estonie]] <small>''(syne 1997)''</small> * {{Flagicon|Chile}} [[Valparaíso|Valparaiso]], [[Chile]] <small>''(syne 2004)''</small> * {{Flagicon|Austria}} [[Vienna]], [[Austrick]] <small>''(syne 2006)''</small> |} == References == {{Reflist|30em}} == External links == * [http://www.2odessa.com Odessa guide] {{Commonscat}} {{Cities in Ukraine}} [[Category:Black Sea]] [[Category:Odessa| ]]<!--leave the empty space as standard--> [[Category:Ceeties in Odessa Oblast]] [[Category:Historic Jewish commonties]] [[Category:Jewish Ukrainian history]] [[Category:Populatit coastal places in Ukraine]] [[Category:Port ceeties an touns in Ukraine]] [[Category:Roushie an Soviet Navy bases]] [[Category:Seaside resorts in Ukraine]] [[Category:Ukrainian Navy]] ie1deai4ejpll890qho0l4ciegkhpt9 Turkey 0 4774 869913 864531 2022-08-24T06:27:16Z 31.200.16.107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country |conventional_long_name = Republic o Turkey |native_name = {{native name|tr|Türkiye Cumhuriyeti}} |common_name = Turkey |national_motto = <!-- no official motto --> |national_anthem = {{lang|tr|''[[İstiklal Marşı]]''}}<br />{{small|"Unthirldom Mairch"}}<br /> |image_flag = Flag of Turkey.svg |image_coat = Emblem of Turkey.svg |symbol_type = [[Naitional emblem o Turkey|Naitional emblem]]<ref group=note>Nae specified bi law, as appears on the [[Turkis passport]]s, [[Turkis ID caird|ID cairds]] an [[:File:Botschaft 021.jpg|diplomatic missions o Turkey]].</ref> |image_map = Turkey (orthographic projection).svg |image_map2 = Tu-map.png |capital = [[Ankara]] |coordinates = {{Coord|39|55|N|32|50|E|type:city}} |largest_city = [[Istanbul]]<br />{{small|{{coord|41|1|N|28|57|E|display=inline}}}} |official_languages = [[Turkis leid|Turkis]] |languages_type = [[Spoken leid]]s |languages = [[Turkis leid|Turkis]], [[Kurmanji]], [[Arabic]], [[Zaza]], [[Kabardian leid|Kabardian]], [[Leids o Turkey|various leids]] |demonym = [[Demografics o Turkey|Turkis]] |ethnic_groups = ''No offeecial estimates'' |government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[pairlamentary seestem|pairlamentary]] [[constitutional republic]] |leader_title1 = [[Preses o Turkey|Preses]] |leader_name1 = [[{{#property:P35}}]] |leader_title2 = [[Vice President o Turkey|Vice President]] |leader_name2 = [[Fuat Oktay]] |leader_title3 = [[Speaker o the Grand Naitional Assembly o Turkey|Speaker o the Pairlament]] |leader_name3 = [[Mustafa Şentop]] |legislature = {{nowrap|[[Grand Naitional Assembly o Turkey|Grand Naitional Assembly]]}} |sovereignty_type = [[Pairteetionin o the Ottoman Empire#Republic o Turkey|Succession]] {{nobold|tae the [[Ottoman Empire]]}}<ref group=note>as statit in the [[Treaty o Lausanne#Aftermath|Treaty o Lausanne]]</ref> |established_event1 = [[Govrenment o the Grand Naitional Assembly]] |established_date1 = 23 Aprile 1920 |established_event2 = {{nowrap|[[Treaty o Lausanne]]}} |established_date2 = 24 Julie 1923 |established_event3 = {{nowrap|[[History o Turkey|Declaration o Republic]]}} |established_date3 = 29 October 1923 |established_event4 = {{nowrap|[[Constitution o Turkey|Current constitution]]}} |established_date4 = 7 November 1982 |area_km2 = 783562 <!--http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/DYB2003/Table03.pdf UN statistics, page 7 (PDF format) --> |area_sq_mi = 302535 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |area_rank = 37t |area_magnitude = 1 E11 |percent_water = 1.3 |population_census = 77,695,904 <ref name="Population of Turkey">{{cite web|url=http://www.tuik.gov.tr/HbGetirHTML.do?id=18616|title=The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2014|publisher=[[Turkish Statistical Institute]]|date=29 January 2015|accessdate=29 January 2015|archive-date=2015-09-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150901141158/http://www.tuik.gov.tr/HbGetirHTML.do?id=18616|url-status=dead}}</ref> ([[Leet o kintras bi population|18t]]) |population_census_year = 2014 |population_estimate_rank = 18t |population_density_km2 = 101 <ref name="Population of Turkey"/> |population_density_sq_mi = 262 |population_density_rank = 107t |GDP_PPP_year = 2014 |GDP_PPP = $1.586 trillion<ref name=IMF-WEO>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2015&ey=2019&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=50&pr1.y=12&c=186&s=NGDP_RPCH%2CNGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CPPPSH%2CLP&grp=0&a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: Turkey|publisher=IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2015.|date=14 April 2015|accessdate=21 April 2015}}</ref> |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $20,299<ref name=IMF-WEO/> |GDP_nominal = $861 billion<ref name=IMF-WEO/> |GDP_nominal_year = 2014 |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $11,018<ref name=IMF-WEO/> |Gini_year = 2013 |Gini_change = steady <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |Gini = 40.0 <!--number only--> |Gini_ref =<ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreIstatistikTablo.do?istab_id=1601 |title=Gini Coefficient by Equivalised Household Disposable Income |publisher=Turkstat |accessdate=16 May 2015 |archive-date=2020-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430074609/http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreIstatistikTablo.do?istab_id=1601 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Gini_rank = 56t |HDI_year = 2013<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> |HDI_change = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady--> |HDI = 0.759 <!--number only--> |HDI_ref = <ref name=HDI>{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-summary-en.pdf |title=2014 Human Development Report |date=14 March 2013 |accessdate=27 July 2014 | pages=21–25}}</ref> |HDI_rank = 69t |currency = [[Turkis lira]] [[Turkis lira sign|₺]] |currency_code = TRY |time_zone = [[Eastren European Time|EET]] |utc_offset = +2 |time_zone_DST = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +3 |date_format = dd/mm/yyyy ([[Anno Domini|AD]]) |drives_on = right |calling_code = [[Telephone nummers in Turkey|+90]] |cctld = [[.tr]] |official_website = [http://www.turkiye.gov.tr www.turkiye.gov.tr] }} '''Turkey''' ([[Turkis leid|Turkis]]: ''Türkiye''), kent offeecially as the '''Republic o Turkey''' ([[Turkis leid|Turkis]]: ''Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'') is a muckle kintra in [[Eurasie]]. It haes laund mairches wi [[Greece]] an [[Bulgarie]] tae the wast an [[Georgie (kintra)|Georgie]], [[Armenie]], [[Azerbaijan]] (kent thegither as the "[[Caucasus]]" kintras), [[Iran]], [[Iraq]] an [[Sirie]] tae the east an watter mairches wi the [[Mediterranean Sea]] tae the sooth. The kintra wis the centre o the [[Ottoman Empire]] that haed owerins ower mony different kintras in baith wast [[Asie]] an sooth-east [[Europe]]. Houaniver, efter the [[First Warld War]] the Ottoman Empire wis malafousterd. It haed been allee'd tae [[Germany]] an efter the defeat o thon kintra an it's allees thare wis a brief period o occupation o twa o the kintra's muckle maist ceeties; [[Istanbul]] an [[Izmir]] bi the [[Allee'd Pooers]]. Houaniver, the kintra wis leeberatit unner the heidsmanship o [[Mustafa Kemal]], kent forby as Ataturk (''The Faither o the Turks'' in Turkis) an it becam an unthirlt republic in the 1920s. The caipital o Turkey is [[Ankara]], but its muckle maist ceety is Istanbul that's seetuate in the wast o the kintra an wis historically kent as "Constantinople" an wis the caipital o the "Eastren Roman" or "Byzantine Empire". Turkey haes aboot 74,816,000 fowk in it. ==Notes== {{reflist|group=note}} ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Commonscat}} {{Turkic-speakin regions}} [[Category:Turkey| ]] [[Category:Balkan kintras]] [[Category:Wastren Asie kintras]] [[Category:Member states o the Unitit Naitions]] [[Category:Turkic kintras]] 4x55z0utrw8vtmumfex6ksl67nzypde 869914 869913 2022-08-24T06:28:32Z 31.200.16.107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country |conventional_long_name = Republic o Turkey |native_name = {{native name|tr|Türkiye Cumhuriyeti}} |common_name = Turkey |national_motto = <!-- no official motto --> |national_anthem = {{lang|tr|''[[İstiklal Marşı]]''}}<br />{{small|"Unthirldom Mairch"}}<br /> |image_flag = Flag of Turkey.svg |image_coat = Emblem of Turkey.svg |symbol_type = [[Naitional emblem o Turkey|Naitional emblem]]<ref group=note>Nae specified bi law, as appears on the [[Turkis passport]]s, [[Turkis ID caird|ID cairds]] an [[:File:Botschaft 021.jpg|diplomatic missions o Turkey]].</ref> |image_map = Turkey (orthographic projection).svg |image_map2 = Tu-map.png |capital = [[Ankara]] |coordinates = {{Coord|39|55|N|32|50|E|type:city}} |largest_city = [[Istanbul]]<br />{{small|{{coord|41|1|N|28|57|E|display=inline}}}} |official_languages = [[Turkis leid|Turkis]] |languages_type = [[Spoken leid]]s |languages = [[Turkis leid|Turkis]], [[Kurmanji]], [[Arabic]], [[Zaza]], [[Kabardian leid|Kabardian]], [[Leids o Turkey|various leids]] |demonym = [[Demografics o Turkey|Turkis]] |ethnic_groups = ''No offeecial estimates'' |government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[pairlamentary seestem|pairlamentary]] [[constitutional republic]] |leader_title1 = [[Preses o Turkey|Preses]] |leader_name1 = [[{{#property:P35}}]] |leader_title2 = [[Vice President o Turkey|Vice President]] |leader_name2 = [[Fuat Oktay]] |leader_title3 = [[Speaker o the Grand Naitional Assembly o Turkey|Speaker o the Pairlament]] |leader_name3 = [[Mustafa Şentop]] |legislature = {{nowrap|[[Grand Naitional Assembly o Turkey|Grand Naitional Assembly]]}} |sovereignty_type = [[Pairteetionin o the Ottoman Empire#Republic o Turkey|Succession]] {{nobold|tae the [[Ottoman Empire]]}}<ref group=note>as statit in the [[Treaty o Lausanne#Aftermath|Treaty o Lausanne]]</ref> |established_event1 = [[Govrenment o the Grand Naitional Assembly]] |established_date1 = 23 Aprile 1920 |established_event2 = {{nowrap|[[Treaty o Lausanne]]}} |established_date2 = 24 Julie 1923 |established_event3 = {{nowrap|[[History o Turkey|Declaration o Republic]]}} |established_date3 = 29 October 1923 |established_event4 = {{nowrap|[[Constitution o Turkey|Current constitution]]}} |established_date4 = 7 November 1982 |area_km2 = 783562 <!--http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/DYB2003/Table03.pdf UN statistics, page 7 (PDF format) --> |area_sq_mi = 302535 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |area_rank = 37t |area_magnitude = 1 E11 |percent_water = 1.3 |population_census = 77,695,904 <ref name="Population of Turkey">{{cite web|url=http://www.tuik.gov.tr/HbGetirHTML.do?id=18616|title=The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2014|publisher=[[Turkish Statistical Institute]]|date=29 January 2015|accessdate=29 January 2015|archive-date=2015-09-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150901141158/http://www.tuik.gov.tr/HbGetirHTML.do?id=18616|url-status=dead}}</ref> ([[Leet o kintras bi population|18t]]) |population_census_year = 2014 |population_estimate_rank = 18t |population_density_km2 = 101 <ref name="Population of Turkey"/> |population_density_sq_mi = 262 |population_density_rank = 107t |GDP_PPP_year = 2014 |GDP_PPP = $1.586 trillion<ref name=IMF-WEO>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2015&ey=2019&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=50&pr1.y=12&c=186&s=NGDP_RPCH%2CNGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CPPPSH%2CLP&grp=0&a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: Turkey|publisher=IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2015.|date=14 April 2015|accessdate=21 April 2015}}</ref> |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $20,299<ref name=IMF-WEO/> |GDP_nominal = $861 billion<ref name=IMF-WEO/> |GDP_nominal_year = 2014 |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $11,018<ref name=IMF-WEO/> |Gini_year = 2013 |Gini_change = steady <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |Gini = 40.0 <!--number only--> |Gini_ref =<ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreIstatistikTablo.do?istab_id=1601 |title=Gini Coefficient by Equivalised Household Disposable Income |publisher=Turkstat |accessdate=16 May 2015 |archive-date=2020-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430074609/http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreIstatistikTablo.do?istab_id=1601 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Gini_rank = 56t |HDI_year = 2013<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> |HDI_change = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady--> |HDI = 0.759 <!--number only--> |HDI_ref = <ref name=HDI>{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-summary-en.pdf |title=2014 Human Development Report |date=14 March 2013 |accessdate=27 July 2014 | pages=21–25}}</ref> |HDI_rank = 69t |currency = [[Turkis lira]] [[Turkis lira sign|₺]] |currency_code = TRY |time_zone = [[Eastren European Time|EET]] |utc_offset = +2 |time_zone_DST = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +3 |date_format = dd/mm/yyyy ([[Anno Domini|AD]]) |drives_on = right |calling_code = [[Telephone nummers in Turkey|+90]] |cctld = [[.tr]] |official_website = [http://www.turkiye.gov.tr www.turkiye.gov.tr] }} '''Turkey''' ([[Turkis leid|Turkis]]: ''Türkiye''), kent offeecially as the '''Republic o Turkey''' ([[Turkis leid|Turkis]]: ''Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'') is a muckle kintra in [[Eurasie]]. It haes laund mairches wi [[Greece]] an [[Bulgarie]] tae the wast an [[Georgie (kintra)|Georgie]], [[Armenie]], [[Azerbaijan]] (kent thegither as the "[[Caucasus]]" kintras), [[Iran]], [[Iraq]] an [[Sirie]] tae the east an watter mairches wi the [[Mediterranean Sea]] tae the sooth. The kintra wis the centre o the [[Ottoman Empire]] that haed owerins ower mony different kintras in baith wast [[Asie]] an sooth-east [[Europe]]. Houaniver, efter the [[First Warld War]] the Ottoman Empire wis malafousterd. It haed been allee'd tae [[Germany]] an efter the defeat o thon kintra an it's allees thare wis a brief period o occupation o twa o the kintra's muckle maist ceeties; [[Istanbul]] an [[Izmir]] bi the [[Allee'd Pooers]]. Houaniver, the kintra wis leeberatit unner the heidsmanship o [[Mustafa Kemal]], kent forby as Atatürk (''The Faither o the Turks'' in Turkis) an it becam an unthirlt republic in the 1920s. The caipital o Turkey is [[Ankara]], but its muckle maist ceety is Istanbul that's seetuate in the wast o the kintra an wis historically kent as "[[Constantinople]]" an wis the caipital o the "Eastren Roman" or "[[Byzantine Empire]]". Turkey haes aboot 74,816,000 fowk in it. ==Notes== {{reflist|group=note}} ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Commonscat}} {{Turkic-speakin regions}} [[Category:Turkey| ]] [[Category:Balkan kintras]] [[Category:Wastren Asie kintras]] [[Category:Member states o the Unitit Naitions]] [[Category:Turkic kintras]] 92sg5a1ewevz30amgi8bpl1bk2njui3 Airchaeology 0 6744 869905 805061 2022-08-24T00:20:54Z Shahrooz061 92184 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots}} {{unsoorced}} '''Airchaeologie''' or '''Auldenstudie''' (frae the [[Greek]] wirds αρχαίος = auncient an λόγος = wird/speak/discoorse) is the study o human [[cultur]]s throu the findin, documention an analysis o maiteral, the orts o human dealins an environmental data, includin [[architectur]], [[airtefacts]], biofacts, human wate, an laundscapes. Airchaeologists studies airtefacts, that's onything shawin signs o human uiss or modifeecation. Thay are concerned wi aw members o the genus Homo. The ettle o airchaeologie is tae document an expoond the springheid an oncome o human cultur, unnerstaund cultur [[historie]], chronicle cultural evolution, an study human laits an ecologie. It is the ae discipline that possesses the gate an theory for the collectin an interpretation o information aboot pre-written human history, an coud mak a creetical contreebution tae wir unnerstaundin o documentit societies an aw. {{Commonscat|Archaeology}} [[Category:Airchaeology| ]] [[Category:Anthropology]] [[Category:Auxiliary sciences o history]] 2gv7c82hd40vbaaocsxefwl7h0tx47h Baku 0 13300 869920 860985 2022-08-24T09:39:11Z 31.200.16.107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Baku |native_name = Bakı |settlement_type = Ceety |image_skyline = <imagemap> File:Baku montage3.jpg|275px|alt=Baku montage. Clickin on an eemage in the pictur causes the brouser tae laid the appropriate airticle. rect 0 0 1200 441 [[Ismailiyya biggin|Details o the façade o Dede Qorqut on the Ismailiyya biggin]] rect 0 447 618 1398 [[Maiden Touer (Baku)|Maiden Touer o Baku]] rect 618 447 1200 1056 [[Azerbaijan State Philharmonic Hall|Philharmony Foontain in front o the Magomayev Philharmonic Hall]] rect 618 1056 1200 1398 [[Bay o Baku|A veshel on the Bay o Baku]] rect 0 1395 1200 1803 [[Baku Boulevard]] </imagemap> |image_caption = Clockwise: Details o the façade o the [[Ismailiyya biggin]], Philharmony Foontain in front o the [[Muslim Magomayev (componer)|Magomayev]] [[Azerbaijan State Philharmonic Hall|Philharmonic Hall]], a veshel on the [[Bay o Baku]] wi the skyline o the ceety, an the [[Maiden Touer (Baku)|Maiden Touer]] – clickable eemage |image_flag = |image_seal = Coat of arms of Baku.svg |seal_size = 80px |image_map = |mapsize = 220px |map_caption = Baku city lights at night |pushpin_map = Azerbaijan |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Azerbaijan |subdivision_type = [[Kintra]] |subdivision_name = {{Flag|Azerbaijan}} |established_title = |established_date = |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = [[Hajibala Abutalybov]] |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 2130 |area_footnotes =<ref name="DENSITY">{{cite web |url=http://www.azstat.org/statinfo/demoqraphic/en/010.shtml#s11 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071124164655/http://www.azstat.org/statinfo/demoqraphic/en/010.shtml#s11 |archivedate=2007-11-24 |title=Administrative, density and territorial units and land size by economic regions of Azerbaijan Republic for January 1. 2007 |accessdate=2009-07-17 |url-status=live }}</ref> |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = | population_as_of = 2020 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 2,293,700<ref>https://www.stat.gov.az/source/demoqraphy/?lang=en</ref> | population_urban = 3,125,000<ref name="demographia">[http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf Demographia: World Urban Areas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805030244/http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf |date=5 August 2011 }} – Demographia, 2016</ref> | population_metro = 5,105,200 | population_note = | population_density_km2 = 1,057 | population_demonym = Bakuvian<ref>{{cite book|author=[[Thomas de Waal]]|title=The Caucasus: An Introduction|url=https://archive.org/details/caucasusintroduc0000dewa|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2010|page=[https://archive.org/details/caucasusintroduc0000dewa/page/16 16]|isbn=0-19-975043-2}}</ref> {{lang-az|Bakılı}} |timezone = [[Azerbaijan Time|AZT]] |utc_offset = +4 |timezone_DST = [[Azerbaijan Time|AZST]] |utc_offset_DST = +5 |coordinates = {{coord|40|23|43|N|49|52|56|E|type:city(2039700)_region:AZ_source:dewiki|display=inline,title}} |elevation_m = -28 |area_code = 12 |postal_code_type = [[Postal code]] |postal_code = AZ1000 |website = [http://www.bakucity.az/ BakuCity.az] |footnotes = }} '''Baku''' ({{lang-az|Bakı}}) whiles kent as '''Baqy''', '''Baky''', '''Baki''' or '''Bakou''', is the caipital, the lairgest ceety, an the lairgest port o [[Azerbaijan]] an entire [[Caucasus]]. Locatit on the soothren shore o the [[Absheron|Absheron Peninsula]], the ceety consists o twa principal pairts: the dountoun an the auld [[Auld Ceety (Baku)|Inner Ceety]] (21.5 [[hectare|ha]]). Datin tae antiquity, its urban population at the beginnin o 2009 wis estimatit at juist ower twa million fowk. Baku is dividit intae [[Baku#Destricts o Baku|eleiven admeenistrative destricts]] (raions) an 48 tounships. Amang thir are the tounships on islands in the [[Bay o Baku|Baku Bay]] an the toun o [[Oil Rocks]] biggit on stilts in the [[Caspian Sea]], 60&nbsp;km (37&nbsp;mi) away frae Baku. The [[Auld Ceety (Baku)|Walled Ceety o Baku]] alang wi the [[Palace o the Shirvanshahs|Shirvanshah's Palace]] an [[Maiden Touer (Baku)|Maiden Touer]] wur inscribed as a [[UNESCO]] [[Warld Heritage Steid]] in 2000. Accordin tae the [[Lonely Planet]]'s rankin Baku is an aa amangst the warld's tap ten destinations for urban nichtlife.<ref name=nl>{{cite news |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/lifestyleMolt/idUSTRE5AC0NE20091113?pageNumber=2&virtualBrandChannel=11617 |title=Travel Picks: Top 10 cities to party the night away |publisher=Reuters |accessdate=2009-11-21 | date=2009-11-13}}</ref> The ceety an aa serves as the main financial hub o Azerbaijan. Mony sizeable Azerbaijani facilities hae thair heidquarters thare, includin [[State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic|SOCAR]], ane o the warld's tap 100 companies.<ref>[http://www.turkishweekly.net/columnist/2487/state-oil-company-of-azerbaijan-republic-transition-from-national-to-transnational-company-or-demand-of-time.html State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic: Transition from National to Transnational Company or Demand of Time?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111181320/http://www.turkishweekly.net/columnist/2487/state-oil-company-of-azerbaijan-republic-transition-from-national-to-transnational-company-or-demand-of-time.html |date=2012-01-11 }}</ref> == Internaitional relations == {{See an aa|Leet o twin towns an sister ceeties in Asie#Azerbaijan|l1=Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Azerbaijan}} === Twin touns an sister ceeties === Baku is [[twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bakucity.az/main/index_en.html|title=The main directions of foreign relations of the executive authorities of Baku|author=|accessdate=2007-07-15|archive-date=2007-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714191259/http://www.bakucity.az/main/index_en.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><sup>[in [[chronology|chronological]] order]</sup> {|class="wikitable" |- ! colspan=2 | Kintra ! colspan=2 | Ceety ! colspan=2 | State / Province / Region / Govrenorate !Date |- |{{Flagicon|Senegal}} |Senegal |[[File:Dakar CoA.png|25px]] |'''[[Dakar]]''' |[[File:Logo council region dakar.png|25px]] |''[[Dakar Region]]'' |1967<ref name="ANL">{{cite web |url=http://www.anl.az/el/m/ks.htm |title=АЗЕРБАЙДЖАН В МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ СВЯЗЯХ(1946–1990 гг.)|trans-title=Azerbaijan's cultural affairs (1946–1990)|author=Musa Gasymly|year=2005 |location=Tbilisi|publisher=Artanuchi|accessdate=4 February 2010}}</ref><ref name="Azeuro">{{cite news |url=http://vyshka.azeurotel.com/arxiv/2008/29/2.html |title=ВСЕ ОСТАЕТСЯ ЛЮДЯМ |trans-title=Everything remains for people |publisher=Vyshka |date=25 July 2008 |volume=29 |issue=19725 |accessdate=4 February 2010 }}</ref> |- |{{Flagicon|Italy}} |Italy |[[File:CoA Città di Napoli.svg|25px]] |'''[[Naples]]''' |[[File:Flag of Campania.svg|25px]] |''[[Campanie]]'' |1972<ref>{{cite web|author=Flexibe Solutions |url=http://www.azembassy.it/browse.php?lang=eng&page=010201 |title=Embassy of Azerbaijan Republic in Italy |publisher=Azembassy.it |date=26 October 2007 |accessdate=17 April 2010}}</ref> |- |{{Flagicon|Iraq}} |Iraq | |'''[[Basra]]''' | |''[[Basra Govrenorate]]'' |1972<ref name=ANL/> |- |{{Flagicon|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} |Bosnie an Herzegovinae |[[File:Coat of arms of Sarajevo.svg|25px]] |'''[[Sarajevo]]''' |[[File:Flag of Sarajevo Canton.png|25px]] |''[[Sarajevo Canton]]'' |1975<ref name=ANL/><ref name=Azeuro/> |- |{{Flagicon|USA}} |Unitit States |<!-- Do NOT place a non-free image here, per WP:NFLISTS --> |'''[[Houston]]''' |[[File:Flag of Texas.svg|25px]] |''Texas'' |1976<ref name="Azerbaijan International">{{cite journal |url=http://azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/ai144_folder/144_articles/144_sister_cities.html |title=Sister Cities: Baku and Houston. Celebrating 30 Years as Sister Cities |date=Winter 2006 |pages=68–71 |author=Maud Beck |journal=[[Azerbaijan International]] |accessdate=4 February 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100202044849/http://azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/ai144_folder/144_articles/144_sister_cities.html |archivedate=2010-02-02 |deadurl=no |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |{{Flagicon|France}} |Fraunce |[[File:Blason ville fr Bordeaux (Gironde).svg|25px]] |'''[[Bordeaux]]''' |[[File:Flag of Aquitaine.svg|25px]] |''[[Aquitaine]]'' |1979<ref name=ANL/> |- |{{Flagicon|Iran}} |Iran | |'''[[Tabriz]]''' | |''[[East Azerbaijan Province]]'' |1980<ref name=Azeuro/> |- |{{Flagicon|Turkey}} |Turkey | |'''[[Izmir]]''' | |''[[İzmir Province]]'' |1985<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.izmir.bel.tr/en/StandartPages.asp?menuID=1476&MenuName=|title=Izmir Metropolitan Municipality|publisher=Izmir.bel.tr|accessdate=17 April 2010|archive-date=2011-07-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719141205/http://www.izmir.bel.tr/en/StandartPages.asp?menuID=1476&MenuName=|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |{{Flagicon|Vietnam}} |Vietnam | |'''[[Vũng Tàu]]''' | |''[[Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu Province]]'' |1985<ref name=ANL/> |- |{{Flagicon|USA}} |Unitit States |<!-- Do NOT place a non-free image here, per WP:NFLISTS --> |'''[[Honolulu]]''' |[[File:Flag of Hawaii.svg|25px]] |''Hawaii'' |1998<ref>[http://hawaii.gov/dbedt/oia/voia-sister-states ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121011184811/http://hawaii.gov/dbedt/oia/voia-sister-states |date=2012-10-11 }}</ref> |} === Pairtnership relations === Pairtnership relations an aa exist at different levels wi:<ref>{{ru icon}}{{cite web|url=http://www.azerbaijan.az/_GeneralInfo/_Capital/capital_02_r.html|title=Executive Power of the Baku City|publisher=Azerbaijan.az|author= |accessdate=2008-04-08}}</ref> Berlin, Paris, [[Aiberdeen]], [[Vienna]], [[Stavanger]], [[Tbilisi]], [[Astana]], [[Minsk]], Moscow, [[Volgograd]], [[Kizlyar]], [[Tashkent]] an [[Chengdu]]. == References == {{reflist}} {{Commonscat}} {{Azerbaijan}} [[Category:Baku| ]] [[Category:Caipitals in Asie]] [[Category:Caipitals in Europe]] [[Category:Populatit places in Azerbaijan]] [[Category:Populatit coastal places in Azerbaijan]] [[Category:Destricts o Azerbaijan]] [[Category:Port ceeties in Azerbaijan]] [[Category:Populatit places on the Caspian Sea]] [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Azerbaijan]] cuvbwr7alx1k7kxx37y6xakceex8d0y Auld Toun 0 42521 869915 819163 2022-08-24T08:44:36Z 31.200.16.107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}} [[File:Cipro-Nicosia01.jpg|thumb|Tradeetional hooses wi the Roman Catholic Kirk o the Holy Cross in the backgrund, wawed ceety o [[Nicosia]]]] [[File:Limassol uliczka.jpg|thumb|A teepical street in the auld toun o [[Limassol]]]] '''Auld Toun''' is the teepical designation o a historic or oreeginal core o a ceety or toun. Awtho the ceety mey be lairger in its present form, mony ceeties hae redesignatit this pairt o the ceety tae commemorate its oreegins efter thorough renovations. Thare are mony places throughoot the warld namit '''Auld Toun''', includin: == Africa == ===[[Algerie]]=== * [[Casbah]] o [[Algiers]], in [[Algerie]] ===[[Egyp]]=== * [[Islamic Cairo|Medieval Cairo]], in [[Cairo]] * [[Rosetta|Auld Rashid]] * [[Saunt Catherine's Monastery]], in [[Sinai]] === Kenya === * [[Mombasa Old Town]] ===[[Morocco]]=== * [[Meknes|Auld Meknes]] in [[Morocco]] * [[Essaouira|Auld Essaouira]], in Morocco * [[Fes el Bali|Auld Fes]], in Morocco * [[Marrakech|Auld Marrakech]], in Morocco * [[Tétouan]] in Morocco * [[El Jadida]] in Morocco ===[[Tunisie]]=== * [[Kairouan|auld Kairouan]], in [[Tunisie]] * [[Medina o Sousse]] in Tunisie * [[Medina o Tunis]] in Tunisie ==Asie== ===[[Azerbaijan]]=== * Auld Ceety o [[Baku]] === Bangladesh === * Auld Toun in [[Dhaka]] === Cyprus === *Wawed ceety o [[Nicosia]] *Wawed ceety o [[Famagusta]] *Auld toun o [[Limassol]] === Georgie === * Auld Toun in [[Tbilisi]] === Israel === * [[Auld Ceety (Jaffa)|Auld Jaffa]] * Auld Ceety o Akko ([[Acre, Israel|Acre]]) * Auld Ceety o [[Tiberias]] ===[[Lebanon]]=== * [[Byblos]] in [[Lebanon]] * [[Sidon|Auld Sidon]] * [[Tripoli, Lebanon|Auld Tripoli]] * [[Tyre|Auld Tyre]] ===Malaysie === * Auld Toun in [[Ipoh]] * Auld Toun in [[Petaling Jaya]] ===Pakistan === * Auld Toun in [[Karachi]] ===[[Palestine]]=== * [[Auld Ceety (Jerusalem)]] in [[Palestine]] ===[[Saudi Arabie]]=== * [[Diriyah]] in Riyadh ===[[Sirie]]=== * [[Auncient Ceety o Aleppo]] * Auncient Ceety o [[Bosra]] * Auncient Ceety o [[Damascus]] ===[[Yemen]]=== * [[Auld Ceety o Sana'a]] in [[Yemen]] * [[Auld Wawed Ceety o Shibam]] in Yemen * [[Zabīd]] in Yemen ==Europe== ===Bulgarie === *Auld Toun in [[Plovdiv]] *Auld Toun in [[Lovech]] *Auld Toun in [[Nessebur]] ===Czech Republic === * [[Auld Toun, Prague|Staré Město]] in [[Prague]] === Denmark === * [[The Auld Toun, Aarhus|Den Gamle Bi]] in [[Aarhus]] === Estonie === * Auld Toun ([[Vanalinn]]) in [[Tallinn]], [[UNESCO]] [[Warld Heritage Steid]] === Finland === * [[Vanhakaupunki]] in [[Helsinki]] === Germany === {{Further|Altstadt}} === Greece === * Auld Toun in [[Rhodes, Greece|Rhodes]], [[UNESCO]] [[Warld Heritage Steid]] === Ireland === * [[Auld Toun, Coonty Roscommon|An Seanbhaile]] in [[Coonty Roscommon]] === Italy=== * Auld Toun in [[Bari]] ===Latvie=== * [[Vecrīga]] in [[Riga]], [[UNESCO]] [[Warld Heritage Steid]] === Lithuanie=== * [[Vilnius Auld Toun|Senamiestis]] in [[Vilnius]] ===Netherlands === * Oude Stad in [[Nijmegen]] * [[Oude Stad (Tilburg)]] === Poland === [[File:Poznan 10-2013 img10 Town hall.jpg|thumb|[[Poznań]]]] * [[Kraków Auld Toun]], a UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid * [[Warsaw Auld Toun]], a UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid * Auld Ceety o [[Zamość]], UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid * Medieval Toun o [[Toruń]], UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid * [[Poznań Auld Toun]] * [[Police Auld Toun]] * Auld toun o [[Chełmno]] * Auld toun o [[Sandomierz]] * Auld toun in [[Gdańsk]] * Auld toun in [[Lublin]] * Auld toun in [[Przemyśl]] === Serbie === * [[Tešnjar]], [[Valjevo]] - Cultural Herigate o Extraordinary importance * [[Auld Toun (Sremski Karlovci)|Stari Grad]], [[Sremski Karlovci]] - Cultural Herigate o Extraordinary importance * [[Auld Toun (Grocka)|Stara čaršija]], [[Grocka]], [[Belgrade]] - Twa quairters o Auld Ceety are a Cultural Herigate of Extraordinary importance * [[Auld Toun (Novi Pazar)|Stara čaršija]], [[Novi Pazar]] - Cultural Herigate o Extraordinary importance * [[Stari Grad, Belgrade|Stari Grad]], a [[municipality]] in [[Belgrade]] * [[Stari Grad, Novi Sad|Stari Grad]], a neeebourheid in [[Novi Sad]] * [[Stari Grad, Kragujevac|Stari Grad]], a municipality in [[Kragujevac]] * [[Stari Grad, Užice|Stari Grad]], the remains o a fort in [[Užice]] === Slovakie === * [[Auld Toun, Bratislava|Staré Mesto]] in [[Bratislava]] === Swaden === * [[Gamla staden, Malmö]] * [[Gamla stan]], [[Stockholm]] * [[Gamlestaden]], [[Gothenburg]] * [[Gammelstaden]], [[Luleå Municipality]] ===Ukraine=== * [[Auld Toun (Lviv)|Stare Misto]] in [[Lviv]] ===Unitit Kinrick === ====Ingland==== * [[Old Town, Barnsley]] * [[Old Town, Chard]] * [[Old Town, Croydon]] * [[Old Town, Cumbria]] * [[Old Town, Eastbourne]] * [[Hastings Old Town|Old Town, Hastings]] * [[Old Town, Isles of Scilly]] * [[Old Town, Northumberland]] * [[Old Town, Southampton]], a destrict o the ceety o Southampton * [[Old Town, Swindon]] * [[Old Town, West Yorkshire]] ====Scotland==== * [[Auld Toun, Edinburgh]], a UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid, alang wi the New Toun, Edinburgh ===[[Saudi Arabie]]=== * [[Diriyah]] in Riyadh ===[[Sirie]]=== * [[Auncient Ceety o Aleppo]] * Auncient Ceety o [[Bosra]] * Auncient Ceety o [[Damascus]] ===[[Yemen]]=== * [[Auld Ceety o Sana'a]] in [[Yemen]] * [[Auld Wawed Ceety o Shibam]] in Yemen * [[Zabīd]] in Yemen ==North Americae== ===Unitit States === {{see also|Old Town Historic District (disambiguation)}} <!-- Alphabetical Order (BY STATE), Please --> ====Californie==== {{see also|Old Town, California (disambiguation)}} *[[Old Town Eureka]], California an oreeginal 19t Century Victorian commercial destrict in Eureka, California *[[Old Town, Kern County, California]] *[[Old Town, Marin County, California]] *[[Old Town, Santa Barbara County, California]] *[[Old Town, Ventura County, California]] *Old Town, California, umwhile name of [[Pine Town, California]], in Lassen County * [[Old Town Pasadena]], California * [[Old Sacramento State Historic Park]], Sacramento, California * [[Old Town San Diego State Historic Park]], San Diego, California * [[Old Town, San Diego]], a neighborhood of San Diego ====Florida==== * [[Old Town, Florida]], a toun in Dixie County, nae tae be confused wi the ane in Orlando * [[Original Town of Fernandina Historic Site|Old Town Fernandina]], Fernandina Beach, Florida; the last toun in the Western Hemisphere tae be platted accordin tae the Spaingie "Law of the Indies" in 1811; named for Keeng Ferdinand VII * [[Old Town, Key West]], the historic section o the ceety of Key West, Florida * [[Old Town (amusement park)|Old Town]], an amusement park/shopping centre in [[Kissimmee, Florida]] ====North Carolina==== * [[Old Town, Brunswick County, North Carolina]] * [[Old Town, Forsyth County, North Carolina]] * [[Old Town Township, Forsyth County, North Carolina]] ====Tennessee==== *[[Old Town (Franklin, Tennessee)]] a location alang the Natchez Trace named for the Mississippian mound complex thare **[[Old Town (Mississippian culture mound complex)]], Franklin, Tennessee *[[Thomas Brown House (Franklin, Tennessee)]], kent as ''Old Town'' an aw, NRHP-listed ====Ither US states==== *[[Scottsdale, AZ|Old Town Scottsdale]], Arizona * [[Old Town, Augusta]], Georgia * [[Old Town, Chicago]], Illinois * [[Old Town, Maine]], a ceety * Olde Towne [[Gaithersburg]], Maryland * [[Old Town Albuquerque]], New Mexico * [[Old Town, Staten Island]], New York * [[Old Town Chinatown, Portland, Oregon]] * [[Old Town Alexandria]], Virginia * Olde Towne [[Portsmouth, Virginia|Portsmouth]], Virginia ==Sooth Americae== === Argentinae === * [[San Telmo]] an [[La Boca]] in Buenos Aires === Colombie === * [[La Candelaria]], a historic neebourheid in dountoun [[Bogotá]] === Dominican Republic === * [[Ciudad Colonial (Santo Domingo)|Ciudad Colonial]] in [[Santo Domingo]], auldest European ceety in Americae, [[UNESCO]] [[Warld Heritage Steid]] === Ecuador === * [[Quito#Historic center|Quito´s Historic Center]] haes ane o the lairgest, least-altered an best-preservit historic centres in the [[Americas]].<ref name=unesco>{{cite web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/2 |title=City of Quito - UNESCO World Heritage |publisher=Whc.unesco.org |date= |accessdate=2010-04-30}}</ref> This centre wis, thegither wi the historic centre o [[Kraków]] in [[Poland]], the first tae be declared [[Warld Heritage Steid]] bi [[UNESCO]] on 18 September 1978. The Historic Centre o Quito is locatit in the centre sooth o the caipital on an aurie o {{convert|320|ha}}, an is considered ane o the maist important historic auries in Laitin Americae. Thare are aboot 130 monumental biggins (which hosts a variety o pictorial airt an sculptur, maistly o releegious inspired in a multi-facetit range o schuils an styles) an 5,000 properties registered in the municipal inventory o heritage properties. === Uruguay === * [[Ciudad Vieja, Montevideo|Ciudad Vieja]] in [[Montevideo]], "Auld Cieety" is the name o the auldest pairt o the ceety == Ither uises == * [[The Girls of Old Town]], a group of prostitutes in the comic series ''Sin City'' * [[Old Town (song)]], a song bi [[Phil Lynott]], later covered bi the [[Corrs]] == See as weel == * [[Altstadt]] * [[Auld Ceety]] * [[Stare Miasto]], "Auld Toun" in Pols * [[Stari Grad]], means "Auld Town" ==References== {{reflist}} {{sia}} [[Category:Historic destricts]] 1ddtww9tyjyhnnbfiglxzp6d1qmeazz 869916 869915 2022-08-24T08:48:35Z 31.200.16.107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}} [[File:Looking down Royal Mile, Edinburgh.jpg|thumb|[[Auld Toun, Edinburgh]]]] [[File:Cipro-Nicosia01.jpg|thumb|Tradeetional hooses wi the Roman Catholic Kirk o the Holy Cross in the backgrund, wawed ceety o [[Nicosia]]]] '''Auld Toun''' is the teepical designation o a historic or oreeginal core o a ceety or toun. Awtho the ceety mey be lairger in its present form, mony ceeties hae redesignatit this pairt o the ceety tae commemorate its oreegins efter thorough renovations. Thare are mony places throughoot the warld namit '''Auld Toun''', includin: == Africa == ===[[Algerie]]=== * [[Casbah]] o [[Algiers]], in [[Algerie]] ===[[Egyp]]=== * [[Islamic Cairo|Medieval Cairo]], in [[Cairo]] * [[Rosetta|Auld Rashid]] * [[Saunt Catherine's Monastery]], in [[Sinai]] === Kenya === * [[Mombasa Old Town]] ===[[Morocco]]=== * [[Meknes|Auld Meknes]] in [[Morocco]] * [[Essaouira|Auld Essaouira]], in Morocco * [[Fes el Bali|Auld Fes]], in Morocco * [[Marrakech|Auld Marrakech]], in Morocco * [[Tétouan]] in Morocco * [[El Jadida]] in Morocco ===[[Tunisie]]=== * [[Kairouan|auld Kairouan]], in [[Tunisie]] * [[Medina o Sousse]] in Tunisie * [[Medina o Tunis]] in Tunisie ==Asie== ===[[Azerbaijan]]=== * Auld Ceety o [[Baku]] === Bangladesh === * Auld Toun in [[Dhaka]] === Cyprus === *Wawed ceety o [[Nicosia]] *Wawed ceety o [[Famagusta]] *Auld toun o [[Limassol]] === Georgie === * Auld Toun in [[Tbilisi]] === Israel === * [[Auld Ceety (Jaffa)|Auld Jaffa]] * Auld Ceety o Akko ([[Acre, Israel|Acre]]) * Auld Ceety o [[Tiberias]] ===[[Lebanon]]=== * [[Byblos]] in [[Lebanon]] * [[Sidon|Auld Sidon]] * [[Tripoli, Lebanon|Auld Tripoli]] * [[Tyre|Auld Tyre]] ===Malaysie === * Auld Toun in [[Ipoh]] * Auld Toun in [[Petaling Jaya]] ===Pakistan === * Auld Toun in [[Karachi]] ===[[Palestine]]=== * [[Auld Ceety (Jerusalem)]] in [[Palestine]] ===[[Saudi Arabie]]=== * [[Diriyah]] in Riyadh ===[[Sirie]]=== * [[Auncient Ceety o Aleppo]] * Auncient Ceety o [[Bosra]] * Auncient Ceety o [[Damascus]] ===[[Yemen]]=== * [[Auld Ceety o Sana'a]] in [[Yemen]] * [[Auld Wawed Ceety o Shibam]] in Yemen * [[Zabīd]] in Yemen ==Europe== ===Bulgarie === *Auld Toun in [[Plovdiv]] *Auld Toun in [[Lovech]] *Auld Toun in [[Nessebur]] ===Czech Republic === * [[Auld Toun, Prague|Staré Město]] in [[Prague]] === Denmark === * [[The Auld Toun, Aarhus|Den Gamle Bi]] in [[Aarhus]] === Estonie === * Auld Toun ([[Vanalinn]]) in [[Tallinn]], [[UNESCO]] [[Warld Heritage Steid]] === Finland === * [[Vanhakaupunki]] in [[Helsinki]] === Germany === {{Further|Altstadt}} === Greece === * Auld Toun in [[Rhodes, Greece|Rhodes]], [[UNESCO]] [[Warld Heritage Steid]] === Ireland === * [[Auld Toun, Coonty Roscommon|An Seanbhaile]] in [[Coonty Roscommon]] === Italy=== * Auld Toun in [[Bari]] ===Latvie=== * [[Vecrīga]] in [[Riga]], [[UNESCO]] [[Warld Heritage Steid]] === Lithuanie=== * [[Vilnius Auld Toun|Senamiestis]] in [[Vilnius]] ===Netherlands === * Oude Stad in [[Nijmegen]] * [[Oude Stad (Tilburg)]] === Poland === [[File:Poznan 10-2013 img10 Town hall.jpg|thumb|[[Poznań]]]] * [[Kraków Auld Toun]], a UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid * [[Warsaw Auld Toun]], a UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid * Auld Ceety o [[Zamość]], UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid * Medieval Toun o [[Toruń]], UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid * [[Poznań Auld Toun]] * [[Police Auld Toun]] * Auld toun o [[Chełmno]] * Auld toun o [[Sandomierz]] * Auld toun in [[Gdańsk]] * Auld toun in [[Lublin]] * Auld toun in [[Przemyśl]] === Serbie === * [[Tešnjar]], [[Valjevo]] - Cultural Herigate o Extraordinary importance * [[Auld Toun (Sremski Karlovci)|Stari Grad]], [[Sremski Karlovci]] - Cultural Herigate o Extraordinary importance * [[Auld Toun (Grocka)|Stara čaršija]], [[Grocka]], [[Belgrade]] - Twa quairters o Auld Ceety are a Cultural Herigate of Extraordinary importance * [[Auld Toun (Novi Pazar)|Stara čaršija]], [[Novi Pazar]] - Cultural Herigate o Extraordinary importance * [[Stari Grad, Belgrade|Stari Grad]], a [[municipality]] in [[Belgrade]] * [[Stari Grad, Novi Sad|Stari Grad]], a neeebourheid in [[Novi Sad]] * [[Stari Grad, Kragujevac|Stari Grad]], a municipality in [[Kragujevac]] * [[Stari Grad, Užice|Stari Grad]], the remains o a fort in [[Užice]] === Slovakie === * [[Auld Toun, Bratislava|Staré Mesto]] in [[Bratislava]] === Swaden === * [[Gamla staden, Malmö]] * [[Gamla stan]], [[Stockholm]] * [[Gamlestaden]], [[Gothenburg]] * [[Gammelstaden]], [[Luleå Municipality]] ===Ukraine=== * [[Auld Toun (Lviv)|Stare Misto]] in [[Lviv]] ===Unitit Kinrick === ====Ingland==== * [[Old Town, Barnsley]] * [[Old Town, Chard]] * [[Old Town, Croydon]] * [[Old Town, Cumbria]] * [[Old Town, Eastbourne]] * [[Hastings Old Town|Old Town, Hastings]] * [[Old Town, Isles of Scilly]] * [[Old Town, Northumberland]] * [[Old Town, Southampton]], a destrict o the ceety o Southampton * [[Old Town, Swindon]] * [[Old Town, West Yorkshire]] ====Scotland==== * [[Auld Toun, Edinburgh]], a UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid, alang wi the New Toun, Edinburgh ==North Americae== ===Unitit States === {{see also|Old Town Historic District (disambiguation)}} <!-- Alphabetical Order (BY STATE), Please --> ====Californie==== {{see also|Old Town, California (disambiguation)}} *[[Old Town Eureka]], California an oreeginal 19t Century Victorian commercial destrict in Eureka, California *[[Old Town, Kern County, California]] *[[Old Town, Marin County, California]] *[[Old Town, Santa Barbara County, California]] *[[Old Town, Ventura County, California]] *Old Town, California, umwhile name of [[Pine Town, California]], in Lassen County * [[Old Town Pasadena]], California * [[Old Sacramento State Historic Park]], Sacramento, California * [[Old Town San Diego State Historic Park]], San Diego, California * [[Old Town, San Diego]], a neighborhood of San Diego ====Florida==== * [[Old Town, Florida]], a toun in Dixie County, nae tae be confused wi the ane in Orlando * [[Original Town of Fernandina Historic Site|Old Town Fernandina]], Fernandina Beach, Florida; the last toun in the Western Hemisphere tae be platted accordin tae the Spaingie "Law of the Indies" in 1811; named for Keeng Ferdinand VII * [[Old Town, Key West]], the historic section o the ceety of Key West, Florida * [[Old Town (amusement park)|Old Town]], an amusement park/shopping centre in [[Kissimmee, Florida]] ====North Carolina==== * [[Old Town, Brunswick County, North Carolina]] * [[Old Town, Forsyth County, North Carolina]] * [[Old Town Township, Forsyth County, North Carolina]] ====Tennessee==== *[[Old Town (Franklin, Tennessee)]] a location alang the Natchez Trace named for the Mississippian mound complex thare **[[Old Town (Mississippian culture mound complex)]], Franklin, Tennessee *[[Thomas Brown House (Franklin, Tennessee)]], kent as ''Old Town'' an aw, NRHP-listed ====Ither US states==== *[[Scottsdale, AZ|Old Town Scottsdale]], Arizona * [[Old Town, Augusta]], Georgia * [[Old Town, Chicago]], Illinois * [[Old Town, Maine]], a ceety * Olde Towne [[Gaithersburg]], Maryland * [[Old Town Albuquerque]], New Mexico * [[Old Town, Staten Island]], New York * [[Old Town Chinatown, Portland, Oregon]] * [[Old Town Alexandria]], Virginia * Olde Towne [[Portsmouth, Virginia|Portsmouth]], Virginia ==Sooth Americae== === Argentinae === * [[San Telmo]] an [[La Boca]] in Buenos Aires === Colombie === * [[La Candelaria]], a historic neebourheid in dountoun [[Bogotá]] === Dominican Republic === * [[Ciudad Colonial (Santo Domingo)|Ciudad Colonial]] in [[Santo Domingo]], auldest European ceety in Americae, [[UNESCO]] [[Warld Heritage Steid]] === Ecuador === * [[Quito#Historic center|Quito´s Historic Center]] haes ane o the lairgest, least-altered an best-preservit historic centres in the [[Americas]].<ref name=unesco>{{cite web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/2 |title=City of Quito - UNESCO World Heritage |publisher=Whc.unesco.org |date= |accessdate=2010-04-30}}</ref> This centre wis, thegither wi the historic centre o [[Kraków]] in [[Poland]], the first tae be declared [[Warld Heritage Steid]] bi [[UNESCO]] on 18 September 1978. The Historic Centre o Quito is locatit in the centre sooth o the caipital on an aurie o {{convert|320|ha}}, an is considered ane o the maist important historic auries in Laitin Americae. Thare are aboot 130 monumental biggins (which hosts a variety o pictorial airt an sculptur, maistly o releegious inspired in a multi-facetit range o schuils an styles) an 5,000 properties registered in the municipal inventory o heritage properties. === Uruguay === * [[Ciudad Vieja, Montevideo|Ciudad Vieja]] in [[Montevideo]], "Auld Cieety" is the name o the auldest pairt o the ceety == Ither uises == * [[The Girls of Old Town]], a group of prostitutes in the comic series ''Sin City'' * [[Old Town (song)]], a song bi [[Phil Lynott]], later covered bi the [[Corrs]] == See as weel == * [[Altstadt]] * [[Auld Ceety]] * [[Stare Miasto]], "Auld Toun" in Pols * [[Stari Grad]], means "Auld Town" ==References== {{reflist}} {{sia}} [[Category:Historic destricts]] f9yc72h0qd69d7yw6lfr8kf756bel53 Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Cyprus 14 58704 869921 384112 2022-08-24T09:39:55Z 31.200.16.107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons cat|World Heritage Sites in Cyprus}} [[Category:Historic steids in Cyprus]] Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Asie|Cyprus]] [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Europe|Cyprus]] [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids bi kintra|Cyprus]] [[Category:Cypriot cultur]] [[Category:Visitor attractions in Cyprus]] cqdgfcgqdx6dqzjuip9xuynuctagytc 869922 869921 2022-08-24T09:40:03Z 31.200.16.107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons cat|World Heritage Sites in Cyprus}} [[Category:Historic steids in Cyprus]] [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Asie|Cyprus]] [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Europe|Cyprus]] [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids bi kintra|Cyprus]] [[Category:Cypriot cultur]] [[Category:Visitor attractions in Cyprus]] t8motqevnsmitfyvst52hld5tz41js3 Leet o ceeties an touns in Indie 0 59251 869908 869117 2022-08-24T03:29:07Z Info-farmer 19227 File:Gandhi museum, Madurai.jpg wikitext text/x-wiki ''The entire wirk o this airticle is based on "Census o [[Indie]]", conductit bi "The Office o the Registrar General an Census Commissioner, Indie" unner Meenistry o Hame Affairs, Govrenment o Indie.''<ref>{{cite web|title=Census of India _ About Us|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-common/aboutus.html|publisher=Census of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Census of India|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/towns/town.html|publisher=Census of India|access-date=2013-09-18|archive-date=2013-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117043637/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/towns/town.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Population Leet== *>5,000,000- Megaceety *1,000,000-4,999,999 - Metropolis *500,000-999,999 - Sub-Metropolis Abbreviations uised in this airticle are: *C.B - Cantonment Buird / Cantonment *C.M.C – Ceety Municipal Cooncil *C.T – Census Toun *E.O – Estate Office *G.P - Gram Panchayat *I.N.A – Industrial Notifee'd Aurie *I.T.S - Industrial Tounship *M – Municipality *M.B – Municipal Buird *M.C – Municipal Committee *M.Cl – Municipal Cooncil *M.Corp. – Municipal Corporation / Corporation *N.A – Notifee'd Aurie *N.A.C – Notifee'd Aurie Committee / Notifee'd Aurie Cooncil *N.P – Nagar Panchayat *N.T – Notifee'd Toun *N.T.A – Notifee'd Toun Aurie *S.T.C - Smaw Toun Committee *T.C – Toun Committee / Toun Aurie Committee *T.M.C – Toun Municipal Cooncil *T.P – Toun Panchayat *T.S.- Tounship *U.A – Urban Agglomeration {{compactTOC8|side=yes|top=yes|num=yes}} [[File:Cawnporeskyline.jpg|thumbnail|Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh]] ==A== [[File:Rock-cut Lord --Buddha-- Statue at Bojjanakonda near Anakapalle of Visakhapatnam dist in AP.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Rock-cut Buddha at [[Bojjannakonda]], [[Anakapalle]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[File:Ellora cave16 003.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Ellora caves]], [[Aurangabad destrict, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]], [[Maharashtra]]]] [[File:Golden Temple India.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Gowden Temple]], [[Amritsar]]]] [[File:Vivekananda Jubilee.JPG|thumb|right|250px|[[Swami Vivekananda]] Statue near Asansol Engineering College, [[Asansol]], [[West Bengal]]]] [[File:Rabindranath Tagore BNR More.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Statue o [[Rabindranath Tagore]] at B.N.R. More, [[Asansol]], [[Wast Bengal]]]] [[File:View of the ridgetop city of Aizawl, state capital of Mizoram.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Aizwal]], ([[Mizoram]])]] [[File:Hall of The Nawab.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Haw o The Nawab at [[Adoni]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[File:Agartala town Hall.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Toun Haw, [[Agartala]]]] [[File:Ghats at Pushkar lake, Rajasthan.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Pushkar Lake]], [[Ajmer]]]] [[File:Taj Mahal in March 2004.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Taj Mahal]], [[Agra]]]] [[File:Sabarmati Riverfront, Ahmedabad.jpg|thumb|Sabarmati Riverfront, Ahmedabad]] [[File:On the banks of New Yamuna bridge, Allahabad.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Allahbad]], ([[Uttar Pradesh]])]] [[File:Almora Bazaar. c1860.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Almora Bazaar durin 1860, [[Almora]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) ! Population (2011) |- | [[Aadityana]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|17,238 ||align="right"| |- | [[Abhayapuri]] || [[Assam]] || TC || style="text-align:right;"|14,673 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Achabal]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|5,834 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Achalpur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl|| style="text-align:right;"|107,316 ||align="right"| |- | [[Achhnera]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || MB || style="text-align:right;"|20004 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Adari]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || NP || style="text-align:right;"|11,977 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Adalaj]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"| 9,776 ||align="right"| |- | [[Adilabad]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|129,403 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Adoni]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|270,458 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Adoor]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,952 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Adiyara, Karnataka|Adiyara]] || [[Karnataka]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|6,501 ||align="right"| |- | [[Adra, Purulia|Adra]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|22,030 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Afzalpura]] || [[Karnataka]] ||TP || style="text-align:right;"|19,335 ||align="right"| |- | [[Agartala]] || [[Tripura]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|189,998 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Agra]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,727,275 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ahiwara]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || NP || style="text-align:right;"| 18,719 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ahmedabad]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|4,525,013 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ahmedgarh]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|28,022 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ahmednagar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|347,549 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ahmadpur|Ahmedpur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|35,805 ||align="right"| |- | [[Aizawl]] || [[Mizoram]] || N.T || style="text-align:right;"|228,280 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ajmer]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"|485,197 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ajra]] || [[Maharashtra]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|14,849 ||align="right"| |- | [[Akaltara]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,367 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Akbarpur, Ambedkar Nagar|Akbarpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Akathiyoor]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|5,274 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Akhnoor]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|10,896 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Akkalkot]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|38,213 ||align="right"| |- | [[Akola]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|400,520 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Akot]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl|| style="text-align:right;"|80,726 ||align="right"| |- | [[Alandha]] || [[Karnataka]] || TMC || style="text-align:right;"|35,245 ||align="right"| |- | [[Alandi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|17,565 ||align="right"| |- | [[Alang]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|18,475 ||align="right"| |- | [[Alappuzha]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|282,675 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Aldona]] || [[Goa]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"| 6,588 ||align="right"| |- | [[Alibag]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|19,496 ||align="right"| |- | [[Aligarh]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M Corp || style="text-align:right;"|669,087 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Alipurduar]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|73,732 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Allahabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,042,229 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Almora]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|32,358 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Aalanavara]] || [[Karnataka]] || TP || style="text-align:right;"|16,290 ||align="right"| |- | [[Along, Arunachal Pradesh|Along]] || [[Arunachal Pradesh]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|17,033 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Aalooru Hassan|Alur]] || [[Karnataka]] || TP || style="text-align:right;"|6,133 ||align="right"| |- | [[Alwar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"|160,245 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amadalavalasa]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|37,931 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amalapuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,444 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amalner]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|91,490 ||align="right"| |- | [[Amarpur, Banka|Amarpur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|20,965 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ambad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,108 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ambagarh Chowki]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || NP || style="text-align:right;"| 8,513 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ambaji]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|13,702 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ambaliyasan]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"| 6,739||align="right"| |- | [[Ambejogai]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|69,478 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ambikaanagara]] || [[Karnataka]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|4,848 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ambikapur, Indie|Ambikapur]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|90,967 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ambivali Tarf Wankhal]] || [[Maharashtra]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|6,798 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ameenapuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"|1000 ||align="right"| |- | [[Amguri]] || [[Assam]] || TC || style="text-align:right;"|6,997 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amini, Indie|Amini]] || [[Lakshadweep]] || || style="text-align:right;"|7,353 ||align="right"| |- | [[Amlabad]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|4,699 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amli, Indie|Amli]] || [[Dadra an Nagar Haveli]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|28,570 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amravati]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Corp || style="text-align:right;"|549,510 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amreli]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|95,307 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amritsar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,003,917 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Amroha]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || MB || style="text-align:right;"|165,129 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Anakapalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|85,486 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Anand, Gujarat|Anand]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|218,486|| style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Anandapur]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|35,048 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Anandnagaar]] || [[Assam]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|5,026 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh|Anantapur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|243,143 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Anantnag]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|97,896 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ancharakandy]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,878 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Andada]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|13,506 ||align="right"| |- | [[Anekal]] || [[Karnataka]] || TMC || style="text-align:right;"|33,157 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ankola]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|26,138 ||align="right"| |- | [[Anjar, Indie|Anjar]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"| 68,343 ||align="right"| |- | [[Anjangaon]] || [[Maharashtra]]|| M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|51,170 ||align="right"| |- | [[Anklav]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|19,803 ||align="right"| |- | [[Anklesvar|Ankleshwar]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|67,952 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Annigeri]] || [[Karnataka]] || TMC || style="text-align:right;"|25,710 ||align="right"| |- | [[Antaliya]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|4,990 ||align="right"| |- | [[Anugul]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|38,018 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ara, Jharkhand|Ara]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|14,165 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arambhada]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|15,011 ||align="right"| |- | [[Arakkonam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|82,500 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Araria]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|60,861 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arang]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || NP || style="text-align:right;"| 16,629 ||align="right"| |- | [[Arambagh]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|60,594 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arsikere]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|45,166 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arcot]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Areraj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|20,356 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ariyalur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|35,265 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arkalgud]] || [[Karnataka]] || TP || style="text-align:right;"|15,169 ||align="right"| |- | [[Arki, India|Arki]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|2,877 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arnia]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|9,057 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Aroor]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|35,283 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arrah]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|203,380 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Aruppukkottai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"|84,029 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Arvi, Wardha|Arvi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|40,575 ||align="right"| |- | [[Arwal]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|600,000 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Asankhurd]] || [[Haryana]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|8,066 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Asansol]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|486,304 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Asarganj]] || [[Bihar]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|5739 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ashok Nagar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"|67,705 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ashta, Maharashtra|Ashta]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|33,203 ||align="right"| |- | [[Ashtamichira]] || [[Kerala]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Asika]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|20,739 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Asola (Delhi)|Asola]] || [[Delhi]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"| 5,003 ||align="right"| |- | [[Assandh]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|22,707 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ateli]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|5,673 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Athni]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|40,950 ||align="right"| |- | [[Attingal]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|35,693 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Atul]] || [[Gujarat]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|5352 ||align="right"| |- | [[Aurad]] || [[Karnataka]] || TP || style="text-align:right;"|15,804 ||align="right"| |- | [[Aurangabad, Bihar|Aurangabad]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|79,393 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"|1,208,285 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ausa]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|30,876 ||align="right"| |- | [[Avinissery]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|11,462 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Awantipora]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|6,252 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Azamgarh]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || MB || style="text-align:right;"|93,521 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Azmatgarh]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || NP || style="text-align:right;"|11,978 || style="text-align:right;"| |} ==B== [[File:A View of Bhadrachalam Gopuram.JPG|thumb|right|250px|[[Bhadrachalam]] Temple, [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[File:Mahabodhi temple.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Side view o [[Mahabodhi temple]], [[Bodh Gaya]], [[Bihar]]]] [[File:Taj-ul-Masjid, Bhopal.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Taj-Ul-Masajid [[Bhopal]]]] [[File:A View of Bheemunipatnam Hilltop Visakhapatnam.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Bheemunipatnam]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[File:Brahmapur.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Berhampur]], [[Odisha]]]] [[File:Jor Bangla Temple Arnab Dutta 2011.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Jor Bangla Temple, [[Bankura]]]] [[File:Panaromic Entrance View.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Bidar]] fort View]] [[File:SomeswaraSwamy-5.JPG|thumb|right|250px|[[Bhimavaram]] Pancharama Temple, [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[File:Bellary Fort3.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Bellary]] Fort, [[Karnataka]]]] [[File:This is place for recreation or Musical concerts in the olden days.Side View..JPG|thumb|right|250px|Pairt o [[Bobbili]] fort, [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) ! Population (2011) |- | [[Babaleshwar]] ||[[Karnataka]] || T.P. || style="text-align:right;"|23,410 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bangalore]] ||[[Karnataka]] || MB || style="text-align:right;"|93,410 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Babiyal]] || [[Haryana]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,644 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baddi]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,601 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bade Bacheli]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,411 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Badaun]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || U.P || style="text-align:right;"|29,829 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Badagaon]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|18,529 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Badepalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|29,829 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Badharghat]] || [[Tripura]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|47,713 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bagaha]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|91,467 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bageshwar]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|91,467 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bahadurgarh]] || [[Haryana]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|131,925 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bahadurganj, Kishanganj|Bahadurganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|28,118 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baharampur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|160,168 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bahraich]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"|168,376 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bairgania]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|34,836 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bakhtiarpur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|32,293 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Balaghat]] ||[[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"|75,061 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Balangir Town|Balangir]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|85,261 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Balasore]] || [[Odisha]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baleshwar]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|156,430 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhiwadi]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bali, Indie|Bali]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bally, Howrah|Bally]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ballabhgarh]] || [[Haryana]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ballia]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Balod]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,165 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baloda Bazar]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,853 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Balrampur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Balurghat]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bamra]] || [[Odisha]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bandar, Uttar Pradesh|Bandar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bandikui]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bandipore]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|25,795 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Banganapalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Banka, Bihar|Banka]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|35,455 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Banmankhi Bazar]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|25,187 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Banswara]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bankura]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|219,255 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bapatla]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|68,397 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barakar]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barahiya]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|39,865 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baramati]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baramula]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|71,896 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baran, Rajasthan|Baran]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barasat]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bardhaman]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barauli, Bihar|Barauli]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|34,653 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barbigha]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|38,200 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bareilly]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bargarh]] || [[Odisha]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barughutu]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21, 092 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Basna]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barbil]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|52,627 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bargarh]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|63,678 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barh]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|48,442 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Baripada]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|100,651 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barmer, Rajasthan|Barmer]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barnala]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|96,624 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barpeta]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|41,038 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barpeta Road]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|35,725 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barrackpur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barwani]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Barwala, Hisar|Barwala]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|33,132 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Basavan Bagevadi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P. || style="text-align:right;"|33,132 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Basudebpur]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|30,006 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Batala]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|147,872 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bathinda]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|217,256 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bawal]] || [[Haryana]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bajpur|Bazpur]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|21,792 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Beawar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Begusarai]] || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|107,623 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Behea]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|20,741 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Belgaum]] || [[Karnataka]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|876,523 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bellampalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|66,792 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ballary]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Belpahar]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,826 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bemetra]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,315 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Berinag]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bethamcherla]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|30,973 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bettiah]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|116,670 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Betul, Madhya Pradesh|Betul]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhabua]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|41,755 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhadrachalam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|42,650 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhadrak]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|92,515 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhagalpur]] || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|350,133 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bagha Purana]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,596 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhainsa]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|41,331 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhajanpura]] || [[Delhi]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhandara]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bharatpur, Indie|Bharatpur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bharthana]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bharuch]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhatapara]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,118 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhavani, Tamil Nadu|Bhavani]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhavnagar]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"| 606,282 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhawanipatna]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|60,787 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bheemunipatnam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|48,664 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhilai]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhilwara]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhimavaram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|142,064 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhinmal]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhiwandi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhiwani]] || [[Haryana]] || M. Cl || style="text-align:right;"|169,531 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhongir]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,407 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhopal]]* || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|5,785,245 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhuban]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|20,234 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhubaneswar]]* || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|658,220 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhuj]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bhusawal]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bidar]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bidhan Nagar]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bihar Sharif]] || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|232,071 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bijapur, Karnataka|Bijapur]] || [[Karnataka]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bijnor]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bikaner]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bikramganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|38,408 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bilara]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bilasipara]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|31,171 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh|Bilaspur]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|335,293 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh|Bilaspur]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Biramitrapur]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,447 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Birgaon]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|23,562 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bobbili]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,096 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bodhan]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|71,520 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bodh Gaya]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|30,857 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bokaro Steel City]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|497,780 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Bongaigaon]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,10,696 || style="text-align:right;"|7,32,639 |- | [[Bomdila]] || [[Arunachal Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Brahmapur, Odisha|Brahmapur]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || || style="text-align:right;"|355,823 |- | [[Brajrajnagar]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|76,959 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Budaun]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Budhlada]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|23,521 || style="text-align:right;"| |- |[[Bulandshahr]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Burhanpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Burla, Indie|Burla]] || [[Odisha]] || || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Buxar]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|83,168 || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Byasanagar]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|40,741 || style="text-align:right;"| |} ==C== [[File:Tidel Park.jpg|thumb|250px|[[TIDEL Park]], [[Chennai]]]] [[File:Chhatarpur Panaroma.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Chhatarpur]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]]] [[File:Chiralastation.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Chirala]] in [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[File:Stone Pillars, Chitradurga.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Chitradurga]] fort, Karnataka]] [[File:Barabati fort at cuttack.jpg|thumb|250px|Barabati fort at [[Cuttack]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Cambay]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chadchan]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P. || style="text-align:right;"|23,648 |- | [[Chaibasa]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|63,648 |- | [[Chakeri]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chakradharpur]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|55,228 |- | [[Chalisgaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chamba, Himachal Pradesh|Chamba]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || M Cl || style="text-align:right;"|20,327 |- | [[Chamba, Uttarakhand|Chamba]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Champa]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|37,951 |- | [[Champawat]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Champhai]] || [[Mizoram]] || N.T || style="text-align:right;"|26,465 |- | [[Chamarajanagara]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chandigarh]]* || [[Chandigarh]] || M. C || style="text-align:right;"|808,515 |- | [[Chandil]] || [[Jharkhand]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chandausi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chandrapura]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|22,396 |- | [[Chanpatia]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|22,038 |- | [[Charkhi Dadri]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|44,895 |- | [[Chapirevula]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chatra]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,020 |- | [[Charkhari]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chalakudy]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|48,380 |- | [[Chandrapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Changanassery]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,967 |- | [[Cheeka]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,128 |- | [[Chendamangalam]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|28,147 |- | [[Chengalpattu]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chengannur]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,397 |- | [[Chennai]]* || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Cherthala]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|141,558 |- | [[Cheruthazham]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|26,239 |- | [[Chhapra]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|179,190 |- | [[Chhatarpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|20,289 |- | [[Chhindwara]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chikkodi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,820 |- | [[Chikkamagalur]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chilakaluripet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|91,656 |- | [[Chinchani]] || [[Maharashtra]] || C.T. || style="text-align:right;"|13,435 |- | [[Chinnasalem]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|35,000 |- | [[Chinthaamani]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chiplun]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chirala]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|166,294 |- | [[Chirkunda]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|106,227 |- | [[Chirmiri]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|93,373 |- | [[Chinsura]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|106,227 |- | [[Chitradurga]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chittur-Thathamangalam]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|67,935 |- | [[Chitrakoot]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chittoor]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|152,654 |- | [[Chockli]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|31,772 |- | [[Churi]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|25,222 |- | [[Churu]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Coimbatore]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M.Corp || style="text-align:right;"|930,882 |- | [[Colgong]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,049 |- | [[Contai]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Cooch Behar]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Coonoor]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Cuddalore]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Cuddapah]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|262,506 |- | [[Curchorem Cacora]] || [[Goa]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|21,407 |- | [[Cuttack]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|587,182 |- | [[Chikkaballapura]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Chandan Bara]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|16,049 |- | [[Chaukori]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|16,049 |} ==D== {| class="wikitable sortable" [[File:Darjeeling Himalayan Railway.jpg|thumb|250px|The "Toy Train" approachin [[Darjeeling]], [[Wast Bengal]]|alt=A train, hauled bi a steam locomotive, runnin beside a road atween twa rows o biggins wi a few fowk walkin on the road.]] [[File:Front View of F.R.I., Dehradun.jpg|thumb|right|250px|F.R.I., [[Dehradun]]]] [[File:Dindigul.cvs.jpg|thumb|250 px|[[Dindigul]], [[Tamil Nadu]]]] ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Dabra, Gwalior|Dabra]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dadri]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dahod]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"|79,185 |- | [[Dalhousie, Indie|Dalhousie]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dalkhola]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dalli-Rajhara]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|57,058 |- | [[Dalsinghsarai]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|20,196 |- | [[Daltonganj]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|71,422 |- | [[Daman an Diu]] || [[Daman an Diu]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|35,770 |- | [[Damoh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Darbhanga]] || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|267,348 |- | [[Darjeeling]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dasua]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|20,114 |- | [[Datia]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Daudnagar]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|38,014 |- | [[Daund]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Davanagere]] || [[Karnataka]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|4,35,125 |- | [[Debagarh]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,096 |- | [[Deesa]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"|83,340 |- | [[Dehgam]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dehradun]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|530,263 |- | [[Dehri|Dehri-on-Sone]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|119,057 |- | [[Delhi]] || [[Delhi]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|11,007,835 |- | [[Deoghar]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|112,525 Devar Hipparagi |- | [[Deoria, Uttar Pradesh|Deoria]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Devarakonda]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|27,434 |- | [[Devar Hipparagi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P. || style="text-align:right;"|27,434 |- | [[Devgarh, Maharashtra|Devgarh]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Devgarh, Rajasthan|Devgarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dewas]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dhampur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || MB || style="text-align:right;"|75,000 |- | [[Dhamtari]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|82,111 |- | [[Dhanbad]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,065,327 |- | [[Dhar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dharampur, Indie|Dharampur]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh|Dharamsala]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dharmanagar]] || [[Tripura]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|30,790 |- | [[Dharmapuri]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dharmavaram, Anantapur|Dharmavaram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|103,357 |- | [[Dharwad]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dhekiajuli]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|25,349 |- | [[Dhenkanal, Indie|Dhenkanal]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|57,677 |- | [[Dholka]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dhubri]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|64,168 |- | [[Dhule]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"|341,473 |- | [[Dhulian]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dhuri]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|132,406 |- | [[Dibrugarh]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|137,661 |- | [[Digboi]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|37,143 |- | [[Dighwara]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|27,367 |- | [[Dimapur]] || [[Nagaland]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|393,119 |- | [[Dina Nagar|Dinanagar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|21,502 |- | [[Dindigul]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Diphu]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|52,310 |- | [[Dipka]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|20,150 |- | [[Dispur]]* || [[Assam]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dombivli]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Corp. (wi Kalyan) || style="text-align:right;"|1,256,614 |- | [[Dongargarh]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,441 |- | [[Duliajan Oil Town]] || [[Assam]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|23,763 |- | [[Dum Dum|Dumdum]] || [[West Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dumka]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|44,989 |- | [[Dumraon]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|45,806 |- | [[Durg-Bhilai Nagar]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|927,864 |- | [[Durgapur, Chandrapur|Durgapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Durgapur, Wast Bengal|Durgapur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Dwarka]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |} ==E== {| class="wikitable sortable" [[Image:Gourruins.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Early 19t century [[lithograph]] o the Muslim ruins o '''Dakhil Darwaza''' at Gaur in [[English Bazar]] (Malda in [[Wast Bengal]])]] [[File:Erode-Junction-Railway-Station-ED.JPG|thumb|250px|[[Erode]], Train Station]] ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessificatiom ! Population (2001) |- | [[Ellenabad]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,795 |- | [[Eluru]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|515,000 |- | [[Erattupetta]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|29,682 |- | [[Erode]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"| 521,776 |- | [[Etah]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Etawah]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[English Bazar]] (Malda) || [[Wast Bengal]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|324,237 (2011) |} ==F== {| class="wikitable sortable" [[File:Fatehpur Sikri Panch Mahal.jpg|thumb|250px|Panch Mahal at [[Fatehpur Sikri]], Uttar Pradesh]] ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Faizabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Falna]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Faridabad]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|1,055,938 |- | [[Faridkot, Indie|Faridkot]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|79,321 |- | [[Farooqnagar]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|34,470 |- | [[Farrukhabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehabad, Haryana|Fatehabad]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|59,917 |- | [[Fatehabad, Madhya Pradesh|Fatehabad]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehabad, Agra|Fatehabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehgarh]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehpur Chaurasi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehpur Sikri]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehpur, Rajasthan|Fatehpur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehpur, Barabanki|Fatehpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatehpur, Fatehpur|Fatehpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Fatuha|Fatwah]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|38,672 |- | [[Fazilka]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|67,427 |- | [[Forbesganj]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|41,499 |- | [[Firozabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Firozpur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|95,475 |- | [[Firozpur Cantt.]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || C.B || style="text-align:right;"|57,678 |} ==G== [[File:Vishnupad Temple.JPG|thumb|250px|Vishnupad Temple, Gaya]] [[File:Kaushambi.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh|Ghaziabad]], Uttar Pradesh]] [[File:Gorakpage.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Gorakhpur]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Ceassification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Gadarwara]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || CMC || style="text-align:right;"|37,837 |- | [[Gadhaga]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gadchiroli]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gadwal]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|53,560 |- | [[Ganaur]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|29,006 |- | [[Gandhidham]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gandhinagar]]* || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gangtok]]* || [[Sikkim]] || N.T.A || style="text-align:right;"|29,354 |- | [[Ganjam]] || [[Odisha]] || || style="text-align:left;"| |- | [[Garhwa]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,686 |- | [[Gauripur, Indie|Gauripur]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|25,002 |- | [[Gauribidanur]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gaya, Indie|Gaya]] || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|394,945 |- | [[Gharaunda]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|30,172 |- | [[Ghatampur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ghatanji]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ghatshila]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|37,854 |- | [[Ghaziabad, Indie|Ghaziabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Ghazipur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Giddarbaha]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|36,598 |- | [[Gingee]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Giridih]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|105,634 |- | [[Goa Velha]] || [[Goa]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Goalpara]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|49,037 |- | [[Gobichettipalayam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|60,279 |- | [[Gobindgarh]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|60,677 |- | [[Gobranawapara]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,591 |- | [[Godda]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|37,008 |- | [[Godhra]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gogri Jamalpur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|31,106 |- | [[Gohana]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|48,532 |- | [[Gokak]] || [[Karnataka]] || C.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|82,674 |- | [[Golaghat]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|33,064 |- | [[Gomoh]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|29,587 |- | [[Gondiya]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gooty]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|43,389 |- | [[Gopalganj, Indie|Gopalganj]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|54,449 |- | [[Gorakhpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Greater Noida]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gudalur, Coimbatore|Gudalur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gudalur, Nilgiris|Gudalur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gudalur, Theni|Gudalur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gudivada]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|113,054 |- | [[Gudur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|68,782 |- | [[Gulbarga]] || [[Karnataka]] || M corp. || style="text-align:right;"| 7,45,356 |- | [[Gumia]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|45,548 |- | [[Gumla]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|39,761 |- | [[Guna, Indie|Guna]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Gundlupet]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C. || style="text-align:right;"| 26,368 |- | [[Guntakal]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|117,103 |- | [[Guntur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|514,461 |- | [[Gunupur]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|24,706 |- | [[Gurdaspur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|68,441 |- | [[Gurgaon]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|228,820 |- | [[Guruvayoor]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|138,681 |- | [[Guwahati]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,005,543 |- | [[Gwalior]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M.Corp || style="text-align:right;"| |} ==H== {| class="wikitable sortable" [[File:Charminar-Pride of Hyderabad.jpg|thumb|250px|Charminar in [[Hyderabad]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[Image:Chinsuran Watch Tower byPiyal Kundu.jpg|thumb|250px|Chuchura Ghorir More clock touer, [[Hugli-Chuchura]], [[Wast Bengal]].]] [[File:Chandramouleshwara temple Unkal 2.JPG|thumb|250px|Chandramouleshwara temple, [[Hubbali]]]] ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Haflong]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|36,302 |- | [[Hailakandi]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|29,739 |- | [[Hajipur]]sscsc || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|119,412 |- | [[Haldia]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Haldwani]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|158,896 |- | [[Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh|Hamirpur]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hamirpur, Uttar Pradesh|Hamirpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] ||M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|38,035 |- | [[Hansi]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|75,745 |- | [[Hanuman Junction]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hanumangarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hapur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.CI. || style="text-align:right;"|211,536 |- | [[Harda]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hardoi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Haridwar]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|220,767 |- | [[Haripad]] || [[Kerala]] || TP || style="text-align:right;"|19,064 |- | [[Harsawa]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hassan, Karnataka|Haasana]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hastinapur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hathras]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hazaribag]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|135,473 |- | [[Hilsa]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|37,775 |- | [[Himatnagar]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hindupur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|125,074 |- | [[Hinjilicut]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|21,347 |- | [[Hisar, Indie|Hisar]] || [[Haryana]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|263,186 |- | [[Hisua]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|25,205 |- | [[Hodal]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|38,309 |- | [[Hojai]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|35,718 |- | [[Hoshiarpur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|149,668 |- | [[Hosapet]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Howrah]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hubbali]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Hukkeri]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,010 |- | [[Hugli-Chuchura]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|170, 201 |- | [[Hussainabad, Jharkhand|Hussainabad]] || [[Jharkhand]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|23,441 |- | [[Hyderabad]]* || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|5,742,036 |} ==I== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Ichalkaranji]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"|420,000 |- | [[Ichchapuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|32,662 |- | [[Idar]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Imphal]]* || [[Manipur]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|250,234 |- | [[Indi, Karnataka|Indi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C. || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Indore]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || U.A. || style="text-align:right;"|1,474,968 |- | [[Indranagar]] || [[Tripura]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|17,807 |- | [[Irinjalakuda]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,873 |- | [[Islampur, Nalanda|Islampur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|29,868 |- | [[Islampur, Uttar Dinajpur|Islampur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Itanagar]]* || [[Arunachal Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|35,022 |- | [[Itarsi]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,14,430 |- | [[Idukki]] || [[Kerala]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |} ==J== [[Image:Wbjhargrampalace.JPG|right|250px|thumb|The Jhargram palace]] [[File:Jorhat.jpg|250px|thumb|[[Jorhat]] Skyline]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Jabalpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M. Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|11,70,000 (2011) |- | [[Jagadhri]] || [[Haryana]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jagatsinghapur]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|30,824 |- | [[Jagdalpur]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|103,123 |- | [[Jagdispur]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,085 |- | [[Jaggaiahpet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|40,373 |- | [[Jagraon]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|60,080 |- | [[Jagtial]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|85,521 |- | [[Jaipur]]* || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"|3110570 (2011) |- | [[Jais]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jaisalmer]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jaitaran]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jaitu]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|33,465 |- | [[Jajapur]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,239 |- | [[Jajmau]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M. Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|652,831 |- | [[Jalalabad, Firozpur|Jalalabad]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|32,924 |- | [[Jalna, Maharashtra|Jalna]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jalandhar Cantt.]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || C.B || style="text-align:right;"|40,531 |- | [[Jalandhar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|714,077 |- | [[Jaleswar]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|21,387 |- | [[Jalgaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jalpaiguri]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || U.A || style="text-align:right;"|169,013 |- | [[Jalore]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jamalpur, Bihar|Jamalpur]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|96,983 |- | [[Jammalamadugu]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|40,514 |- | [[Jammu]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|612,163 |- | [[Jamnagar]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"|1,910,000 |- | [[Jamshedpur]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,618,524 |- | [[Jamtara]] || [[Jharkhand]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|22,558 |- | [[Jamui]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|66,797 |- | [[Jandiala]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|23,834 |- | [[Jangaon, Warangal|Jangaon]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|43,996 |- | [[Janjgir]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,513 |- | [[Jashpurnagar]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,239 |- | [[Jaspur]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|38,937 |- | [[Jatani]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|57,957 |- | [[Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh|Jaunpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jayankondam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|39,569 |- | [[Jehanabad]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|81,503 |- | [[Jeypore|Jeypur]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|76,625 |- | [[Jhabua]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jhajha]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|36,447 |- | [[Jhajjar]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|39,002 |- | [[Jhalawar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jhanjharpur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|24,112 |- | [[Jhansi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|504,292 |- | [[Jhargram]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,158 |- | [[Jharsuguda]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|76,100 |- | [[Jhumri Tilaiya]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|69,503 |- | [[Jhunjhunu]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jind]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|135,855 |- | [[Joda]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|38,689 |- | [[Jodhpur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jogbani|Jogabani]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|29,991 |- | [[Jogendranagar]] || [[Tripura]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|34,850 |- | [[Jorhat]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|137,814 |- | [[Jowai]] || [[Meghalaya]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,057 |- | [[Junagadh]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Junnar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Jhalda]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,000 |} ==K== [[File:Ekam.jpg|right|thumb|280 px|The 1500 year-auld [[Ekambareswarar Temple]], in [[Kanchipuram]], [[Tamil Nadu]]]] [[File:Dakshineshwar.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Dakshineshwar Kali Temple, built on a raised platform, [[Kolkata]].]] [[Image:IIT Kharagpur Main Building.JPG|thumb|250px|Institute Main Building, IIT Kharagpur, [[Kharagpur]], [[Wast Bengal]].]] [[File:DLF IT Park - Rajarhat 2012-04-11 9380.JPG|thumb|250px|DLF IT Park, [[Rajarhat]] (New Toun), [[Kolkata]]. ]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Kadapa]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kadi, Gujarat|Kadi]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|60,026 |- | [[Kadiri]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|76,252 |- | [[Kadirur]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|28,989 |- | [[Kagaznagar]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|59,734 |- | [[Kailaras]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kailasahar]] || [[Tripura]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,286 |- | [[Kaithal]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|117,285 |- | [[Kakching]] || [[Manipur]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|28,724 |- | [[Kakinada]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M.Corp || style="text-align:right;"|376,861 |- | [[Kalan Wali]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|25,163 |- | [[Kalavad]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|24,858 |- | [[Kalburgi]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kalimpong]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kalka]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|30,830 |- | [[Kalliasseri]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|28,068 |- | [[Kalpi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|112,013 |- | [[Kalol INA|Kalol]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|27,903 |- | [[Kalpetta]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,612 |- | [[Kalyan, India|Kalyan]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"|1,576,614 |- | [[Kalyandurg]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|29,266 |- | [[Kamareddy]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|64,496 |- | [[Kamthi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kanchipuram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kanda, Uttarakhand|Kanda]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kandukur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,326 |- | [[Kanhangad]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|129,367 |- | [[Kanjikkuzhi]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || align="right"21 |- | [[Kanker]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|31,385 |- | [[Kannur]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|498,207 |- | [[Kanpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || Megacity || style="text-align:right;"|5,881,356 |- | [[Kantabanji]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|20,095 |- | [[Kanti]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|20,871 |- | [[Kapadvanj]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|43,950 |- | [[Kapurthala]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|85,686 |- | [[Karad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Karaikal]] || [[Puducherry]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|74,438 |- | [[Karaikudi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Karanjia]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|21,441 |- | [[Karimganj]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|52,613 |- | [[Karimnagar]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M.corp || style="text-align:right;"|299,302 |- | [[Karjan]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,358 |- | [[Karjat]] || [[Maharashtra]]|| M || style="text-align:right;"| 217,363 |- | [[Kaarkala]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Karnal]] || [[Haryana]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|12,74,843 |- | [[Karoran]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|20,361 |- | [[Kartarpur, Indie|Kartarpur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|25,157 |- | [[Karur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|153,675 |- | [[Karungal]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Karwar]] || [[Karnataka]] || C.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|62,973 |- | [[Kasaragod]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|75,968 |- | [[Kashipur, Uttarakhand|Kashipur]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|92,967 |- | [[Kathua]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|51,034 |- | [[Katihar]] || [[Bihar]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|190,873 |- | [[Katni]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Katra, Jammu an Kashmir|Katra]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kavali]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|85,616 |- | [[Kavaratti]]* || [[Lakshadweep]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|10,119 |- | [[Kawardha]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|32,415 |- | [[Kayamkulam]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|68,585 |- | [[Kendrapara]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|41,407 |- | [[Kendujhar]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,845 |- | [[Keshod]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|63,257 |- | [[Keylong]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Khagaria]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|45,221 |- | [[Khambhalia]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,479 |- | [[Khambhat]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|93,194 |- | [[Khammam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|198,620 |- | [[Khanna, Indie|Khanna]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|103,099 |- | [[Kharagpur, Munger|Kharagpur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|27,075 |- | [[Kharagpur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || Urban Agglomeration || style="text-align:right;"|3,72,339 |- | [[Kharar, Mohali|Kharar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|42,289 |- | [[Kheda]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|24,136 |- | [[Khedbrahma]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,556 |- | [[Kheralu]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,141 |- | [[Kheri]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Khordha]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|39,054 |- | [[Khowai]] || [[Tripura]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|17,689 |- | [[Khunti]] || [[Jharkhand]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|29,282 |- | [[Khurai]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[kichha]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|30,503 |- | [[Kishanganj]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|85,590 |- | [[Kochi, Indie|Kochi]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,355,972 |- | [[Kodad]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kodinar]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,610 |- | [[Kodungallur]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|94,883 |- | [[Kohima]]* || [[Nagaland]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|77,030 |- | [[Kokrajhar]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|31,164 |- | [[Kolar]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"|77,030 |- | [[Kolhar, Bijapur|Kolhar]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"|31,164 |- | [[Kolhapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kolkata]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || Urban Agglomeration || style="text-align:right;"|14,617,882 |- | [[Kollam]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|380,091 |- | [[Kollankodu]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|34,425 |- | [[Kondagaon]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,898 |- | [[Konnagar]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Koothuparamba]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,532 |- | [[Koraput]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|39,548 |- | [[Korba, Chhattisgarh|Korba]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|365,073 |- | [[Koratla]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|54,012 |- | [[Kot Kapura]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|80,785 |- | [[Kota, Karnataka|Kota]] || [[Karnataka]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kota, Rajasthan|Kota]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kota, Uttar Pradesh|Kota]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kotdwara]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|24,947 |- | [[Kothagudem]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|105,266 |- | [[Kothamangalam, Kerala|Kothamangalam]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|37,173 |- | [[Kothapeta]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kotma]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kottayam]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|172,878 |- | [[Kovvur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|39,372 |- | [[Kozhikode]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,080,247 |- | [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kuchinda]] || [[Odisha]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kulpahar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P. || style="text-align:right;"|17,437 |- | [[Kunnamkulam]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,592 |- | [[Kurali]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|23,047 |- | [[Kurnool]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|495,973 |- | [[Kurukshetra]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Kyathampalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|42,273 |- | [[Kamahi Devi]]||[[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|7 |- | [[Kalyani, Wast Bengal|Kalyani]]||[[Wast Bengal]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|7 |} ==L== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Lachhmangarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|47,345 |- | [[Ladnu]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|57,070 |- | [[Ladwa]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|22,339 |- | [[Lahar, Indie|Lahar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|28,253 |- | [[Laharpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|50,092 |- | [[Lakheri]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,183 |- | [[Lakhimpur, Uttar Pradesh|Lakhimpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|121,486 |- | [[Lakhisarai]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|77,875 |- | [[Lakshmishawara]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|33,417 |- | [[Lal Gopalganj Nindaura]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,992 |- | [[Lalganj, Bihar|Lalganj]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,873 |- | [[Lalgudi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,405 |- | [[Lalitpur, Indie|Lalitpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|111,892 |- | [[Lalganj, Uttar Pradesh|Lalganj]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,142 |- | [[Lalsot]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,249 |- | [[Lanka]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|34,423 |- | [[Lar, Indie|Lar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,363 |- | [[Lathi]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,966 |- | [[Latur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|299,985 |- | [[Leh]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|28,639 |- | [[Lilong (Thoubal)|Lilong]] || [[Manipur]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,257 |- | [[Limbdi]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|40,071 |- | [[Lingsuguru]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|27,306 |- | [[Loha, Nanded|Loha]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|20,148 |- | [[Lohardaga]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|46,196 |- | [[Lonar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|20,082 |- | [[Lonavla]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|55,652 |- | [[Longowal]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|20,239 |- | [[Loni, Indie|Loni]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|120,945 |- | [[Losal]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,361 |- | [[Lucknow]]* || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|2,245,509 |- | [[Ludhiana]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|1,398,467 |- | [[Lumding]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|50,570 |- | [[Lunawada]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|33,369 |- | [[Lundi]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,168 |- | [[Lunglei]] || [[Mizoram]] || N.T || style="text-align:right;"|47,137 |} ==M== [[File:Gandhi museum, Madurai.jpg|thumb|[[Madurai]], Tamil Nadu]] [[File:Medak Cathedral (1).jpg|thumb|[[Medak]] cathedral, [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] [[File:Mumbai Skyline at Night.jpg|thumb|right50px|[[Mumbai]]]] [[File:Machilipatnam koneru center 3.JPG|thumb|[[Machilipatnam]], Andhra Pradesh]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Macherla]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|49,221 |- | [[Machilipatnam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|179,353 |- | [[Madanapalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|107,449 |- | [[Maddhuru]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|26,521 |- | [[Margao]] || [[Goa]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Madhepura]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|45,031 |- | [[Madhubani, Indie|Madhubani]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|66,340 |- | [[Madhugiri]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|26,304 |- | [[Madhupur, Deoghar|Madhupur]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|47,326 |- | [[Madhyamgram]] || [[Odisha]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Madikeri]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,496 |- | [[Madurai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || || style="text-align:right;"|862,420 |- | [[Maagadi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|25,031 |- | [[Mahabaleswar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mahad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|24,276 |- | [[Mahbubnagar]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|139,662 |- | [[Mahalingapura]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|30,858 |- | [[Maharajganj, Siwan|Maharajganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|20,860 |- | [[Maharajpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || NP || style="text-align:right;"|21,490 |- | [[Mahasamund]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|47,100 |- | [[Mahé, Indie|Mahe]] || [[Puducherry]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,828 |- | [[Mahendragarh]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|30,758 |- | [[Mahendragarh]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|24,323 |- | [[Mahesana]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|141,453 |- | [[Mahidpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|29,379 |- | [[Mahnar Bazar]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|37,370 |- | [[Mahoba]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mahuli]] ||[[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mahuva, Bhavnagar|Mahuva]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|80,726 |- | [[Mahwa, Indie|Mahwa]] || [[Rajasthan]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Maihar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,342 |- | [[Mainaguri]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|27,106 |- | [[Makhdumpur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|30,109 |- | [[Makrana]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|91,853 |- | [[Malda, Wast Bengal|Mal]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|23,218 |- | [[Malajkhand]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,296 |- | [[Malappuram]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|170,409 |- | [[Malavalli]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|35,851 |- | [[Malegaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|409,403 |- | [[Malerkotla]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|107,009 |- | [[Malkangiri]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|23,114 |- | [[Malkapur, Buldhana|Malkapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|61,012 |- | [[Malout]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|70,765 |- | [[Malpura]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|27,360 |- | [[Maaluru]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|27,815 |- | [[Manasa]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,623 |- | [[Manavadar]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,563 |- | [[Manawar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,467 |- | [[Manchar, Indie|Manchar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mancherial]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|118,195 |- | [[Mandalgarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,169 |- | [[Mandamarri]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|66,596 |- | [[Mandapeta]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|47,638 |- | [[Mandawa]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,830 |- | [[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh|Mandi]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|60,387 |- | [[Mandi Dabwali]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|53,811 |- | [[Mandideep]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|39,859 |- | [[Mandla]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|60,542 |- | [[Mandsaur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|117,555 |- | [[Mandvi]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,355 |- | [[Mandya]] || [[Karnataka]] || C.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|131,179 |- | [[Maner]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|30,082 |- | [[Manesar]] || [[Haryana]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mangalagiri]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mangaldoi]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|23,920 |- | [[Mangalooru]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|539,387 |- | [[Mangalvedhe]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|21,706 |- | [[Manglaur]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|42,584 |- | [[Mangrol]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|56,320 |- | [[Mangrol, Rajasthan|Mangrol]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,842 |- | [[Mangrulpir]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|27,815 |- | [[Manihari]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|21,803 |- | [[Manjlegaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|44,029 |- | [[Mankachar]] || [[Assam]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|28,780 |- | [[Manmad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|72,401 |- | [[Mansa, Punjab|Mansa]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|72,627 |- | [[Mansa, Gujarat|Mansa]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,922 |- | [[Manuguru]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|32,893 |- | [[Maanvi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|37,613 |- | [[Manwath]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|29,218 |- | [[Mapusa]] || [[Goa]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|40,487 |- | [[Margao]] || [[Goa]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|94,383 |- | [[Margherita, Assam|Margherita]] || [[Assam]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|24,049 |- | [[Marhaura]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|24,548 |- | [[Mariani, Jorhat|Mariani]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|20,997 |- | [[Marigaon]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|20,811 |- | [[Markapur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|58,462 |- | [[Marmagao]] || [[Goa]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|104,758 |- | [[Masaurhi]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || 45,248 |- | [[Mathabhanga]] || [[West Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,107 |- | [[Mathura]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mattannur]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|44,313 |- | [[Mauganj]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,024 |- | [[Maur, Indie|Maur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|27,543 |- | [[Mavelikkara]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,439 |- | [[Mavoor]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|27,845 |- | [[Mayang Imphal]] || [[Manipur]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,532 |- | [[Medak]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|41,945 |- | [[Medinipur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|149,769 |- | [[Meerut]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || C.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|1,309,023 |- | [[Mehkar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|37,715 |- | [[Mehmedabad]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|30,768 |- | [[Memari]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,207 |- | [[Merta City]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|40,252 |- | [[Mhaswad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|20,500 |- | [[Mhow|Mhow Cantonment]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|92,364 |- | [[Mhowgaon]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,523 |- | [[Mihijam]] || [[Jharkhand]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|33,236 |- | [[Mira-Bhayandar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|520,301 |- | [[Miraj]] || [[Maharashtra]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mirganj, Bihar|Mirganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|23,576 |- | [[Miryalaguda]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|91,359 |- | [[Mirzapur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mithapur]] || [[Gujarat]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Modasa]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|54,135 |- | [[Modinagar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|272,918 |- | [[Moga, Punjab|Moga]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|135,279 |- | [[Mogalthur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mohali]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|123,484 |- | [[Mohania]] || [[Bihar]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mokama]] || [[Bihar]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mokameh]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|56,615 |- | [[Mokokchung]] || [[Nagaland]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|31,214 |- | [[Monoharpur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|20,846 |- | [[Moradabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Morena]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|150,959 |- | [[Morinda]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,635 |- | [[Morshi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|33,607 |- | [[Morvi]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|178,055 |- | [[Motihari]] || [[Bihar]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|108,428 |- | [[Motipur, Indie|Motipur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|21,957 |- | [[Mount Abu]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,152 |- | [[Mudalagi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|29,893 |- | [[Mudabidri]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|25,713 |- | [[Muddebihala]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|28,219 |- | [[Mudhola]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|42,461 |- | [[Mukatsar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Mukerian]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|21,384 |- | [[Mukhed]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|25,933 |- | [[Muktsar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|83,655 |- | [[Mul, Indie|Mul]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,330 |- | [[Mulabaagilu]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|44,033 |- | [[Multai]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,423 |- | [[Mumbai]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|18,414,288 |- | [[Mundaragi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,363 |- | [[Mungeli]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|31,613 |- | [[Munger]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|188,050 |- | [[Muradnagar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Murliganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|22,936 |- | [[Murshidabad]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,947 |- | [[Murtijapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|38,554 |- | [[Murwara]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|187,029 |- | [[Musabani]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|33,980 |- | [[Mussoorie]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|29,329 |- | [[Muvattupuzha]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,246 |- | [[Muzaffarnagar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || || style="text-align:right;"| |- | [[Muzaffarpur]] || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|305,525 |- | [[Mysore]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|799,228 |} ==N== [[Image:Jubilee Bridge (Naihati-Bandel) by Piyal Kundu.jpg|thumb|right|View o Jubilee Bridge athort River Hooghly in [[Naihati]], [[Wast Bengal]].]] [[Image:Nagpur Reserve Bank.JPG|thumb|right|Branch o RBI in [[Nagpur]] ceety]] [[Image:Nashik Growth.jpg|thumb|right|Growin suburb o [[Nashik]]]] [[Image:Takht Shri Hazoor Sahib Gurudwara Nanded.JPG|thumb|right|View o Takht Shri Hazoor Sahib Gurudwara in [[Nanded]]]] [[Image:Nec-nellore.jpg|thumb|right|View o Narayana Engineering College in [[Nellore]]]] [[Image:IT Park, Noida, Uttar Pradesh (2011-06-18).jpg|thumb|right|View o IT park in [[NOIDA]] region]] [[File:Ramalayam 2.jpg|thumb|right|Khilla Ramalayam Temple in [[Nizamabad, Andhra Pradesh|Nizamabad]]]] [[Image:Clock Tower, Nagercoil.JPG|thumb|right|View o Clock Touer in [[Nagercoil]]]] [[Image:Gandhi Sagar Dam1.JPG|thumb|right|View o Gandhi Sagar Dam in [[Neemuch]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Nabadwip]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|125,341 |- | [[Nabarangapur]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,005 |- | [[Nabha]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|61,593 |- | [[Nadbai]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,649 |- | [[Nadiad]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|196,793 |- | [[Nidagundi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P. || style="text-align:right;"|26,793 |- | [[Nagaon]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|123,265 |- | [[Nagapattinam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|93,148 |- | [[Nagar, Rajasthan|Nagar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,350 |- | [[Nagari]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|24,372 |- | [[Nagarkurnool]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|26,157 |- | [[Nagaur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|93,915 |- | [[Nagda]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|96,579 |- | [[Nagercoil]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|208,179 |- | [[Nagina]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|71,350 |- | [[Nagla]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|22,947 |- | [[Nagpur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|2,129,500 |- | [[Nahan]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,053 |- | [[Naharlagun]] || [[Arunachal Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|27,020 |- | [[Naihati]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|215,432 |- | [[Naila Janjgir]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,513 |- | [[Nainital]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|39,911 |- | [[Nainpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,760 |- | [[Najibabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|79,025 |- | [[Nakodar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|31,408 |- | [[Nakur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|20,715 |- | [[Nalasopara]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|184,538 |- | [[Nalanda]] || [[Bihar]] || || |- | [[Nalbari]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|23,183 |- | [[Namagiripettai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,446 |- | [[Namakkal]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,055 |- | [[Nanded|Nanded-Waghala]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|430,733 |- | [[Nandgaon, Maharashtra|Nandgaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|23,195 |- | [[Nandivaram-Guduvancheri]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|26,575 |- | [[Nandura]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|37,469 |- | [[Nandurbar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|94,368 |- | [[Nandyal]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|157,120 |- | [[Nangal]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|45,368 |- | [[Nanjanagoodu]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|48,232 |- | [[Nanjikottai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,935 |- | [[Nanpara]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|42,773 |- | [[Narsapur, Wast Godavari|Narasapur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|58,604 |- | [[Narasaraopet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|95,349 |- | [[Naraura]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,407 |- | [[Narayanpet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|37,563 |- | [[Nargund]] || [[Rajasthan]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,561 |- | [[Narkatiaganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|40,830 |- | [[Narkhed]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|21,537 |- | [[Narnaul]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|62,077 |- | [[Narsinghgarh, Damoh|Narsinghgarh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|56,203 |- | [[Narsinghgarh, Rajgarh|Narsinghgarh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,723 |- | [[Narsipatnam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|32,623 |- | [[Narwana]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|50,435 |- | [[Nashik]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,152,326 |- | [[Nasirabad, Ajmer|Nasirabad]] || [[Rajasthan]] || C.B || style="text-align:right;"|49,130 |- | [[Natham]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,545 |- | [[Nathdwara]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|37,026 |- | [[Naugachhia]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|38,287 |- | [[Naugawan Sadat]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|27,066 |- | [[Nautanwa]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|29,302 |- | [[Navalgund]] || [[Rajasthan]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,202 |- | [[Navi Mumbai]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,119,477 |- | [[Navsari]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|232,411 |- | [[Nawabganj, Bareilly|Nawabganj]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|30,606 |- | [[Nawada]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|81,891 |- | [[Nawagarh, Chhattisgarh|Nawagarh]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || NP || style="text-align:right;"|21,220 |- | [[Nawalgarh, Rajasthan|Nawalgarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|56,491 |- | [[Nawanshahr]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|31,967 |- | [[Nawapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|29,979 |- | [[Nedumangad]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|56,138 |- | [[Neem-Ka-Thana]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,548 |- | [[Neemuch]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|112,852 |- | [[Nehtaur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|44,320 |- | [[Nelamangala]] || [[Rajasthan]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,287 |- | [[Nellikuppam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|44,222 |- | [[Nellore]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|404,775 |- | [[Nepanagar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|31,638 |- | [[New Delhi]]* || [[Delhi]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|249,998 |- | [[Neyveli]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|138,035 |- | [[Neyyattinkara]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|69,467 |- | [[Nidadavole]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|43,143 |- | [[Nilanga]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|31,662 |- | [[Nilambur]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|41,211 |- | [[Nimbahera]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,327 |- | [[Nippani]] || [[Karnataka]] || C.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|58,081 |- | [[Nirmal]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|75,254 |- | [[Niwai]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|31,365 |- | [[Niwari, Madhya Pradesh|Niwari]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,713 |- | [[Nizamabad, Andhra Pradesh|Nizamabad]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|288,722 |- | [[Nohar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,309 |- | [[Noida]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|305,058 |- | [[Nokha, Rohtas|Nokha]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|22,354 |- | [[Nokha, Bikaner|Nokha]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|49,688 |- | [[Nongstoin]] || [[Meghalaya]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|23,106 |- | [[Noorpur, Uttar Pradesh|Noorpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|33,590 |- | [[North Lakhimpur]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|54,285 |- | [[Nagaon|Nowgong]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|33,024 |- | [[Nowrozabad]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,403 |- | [[Nuzvid]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,354 |- | [[Moradabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|889,810 |} ==O== Nagalapuram [[Image:Ongole railway station.jpg|thumb|right|Main entrance o [[Ongole]] railwey station]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Classification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Nagalapuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,793 |- | [[O' Valley]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,793 |- | [[Oddanchatram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,132 |- | [[Obra, Indie|Obra]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|51,014 |- | [[Ongole]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|3,02,643 (2013) |- | [[Orai]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|139,318 |- | [[Osmanabad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|80,625 |- | [[Ottappalam]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|49,342 |- | [[Ozar, Nashik|Ozar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|45,954 |} ==P== [[Image:Pune India.jpg|thumb|right|Croudit Roads o [[Pune]]]] [[Image:Puducherry Park Monument retouched.jpg|thumb|right|Park Monunemt (Aayi Mandapam) at the Government Park in [[Puducherry]]]] [[Image:Rail Shed Panipat Station.jpg|thumb|right|View o [[Panipat]] railwey station]] [[Image:Fountain Chowk.jpg|thumb|right|The Phuara Chowk, the central landmark o [[Patiala]]]] [[Image:Porbandar skyline.JPG|thumb|right|Skyline o [[Porbandar]]]] [[Image:Palakkad Fort.JPG|thumb|right|View o Tippu's Fort in [[Palakkad]] frae ootside the northren waw]] [[Image:Ravi River at Pathankot.jpg|thumb|right|View o Ravi River at [[Pathankot]]]] [[Image:Rath Yatra Puri 07-11027.jpg|thumb|right|Rath Yatra festival in [[Puri]] at Shri Jagannath Temple]] [[Image:A Busy road in Main Market.JPG|thumb|right|A Busy Main Market in [[Pilibhit]] ceety]] [[Image:Ranikivav14.jpg|thumb|right|View o Dattu Prajapati in Patan]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[P.N.Patti]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,331 |- | [[Pachora]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|45,333 |- | [[Pachore]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,939 |- | [[Pacode]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,781 |- | [[Padmanabhapuram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,075 |- | [[Padra]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|39,205 |- | [[Padrauna]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|44,383 |- | [[Paithan]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|34,518 |- | [[Pakaur]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,029 |- | [[Palacole]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|76,308 |- | [[Palai]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,640 |- | [[Palakkad]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|197,369 |- | [[Palani]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|67,231 |- | [[Palanpur]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|122,300 |- | [[Palasa-Kasibugga|Palasa Kasibugga]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|49,899 |- | [[Palghar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|52,677 |- | [[Pali, Rajasthan|Pali]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|187,641 |- | [[Pali, Umaria|Pali]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,942 |- | [[Palia Kalan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|35,029 |- | [[Palitana]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,944 |- | [[Pondur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|3,931 |- | [[Palladam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|30,016 |- | [[Pallapatti, Virudhunagar|Pallapatti]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|24,326 |- | [[Pallikonda]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,771 |- | [[Palwal]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|100,722 |- | [[Palwancha]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|69,088 |- | [[Panagar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,199 |- | [[Panagudi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,501 |- | [[Panaji]]* || [[Goa]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|99,677 |- | [[Panamattom]] || [[Kerala]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|10,032 |- | [[Panchkula]] || [[Haryana]] || E.O || style="text-align:right;"|140,925 |- | [[Panchla]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|22,051 |- | [[Pandharkaoda]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,572 |- | [[Pandharpur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|91,379 |- | [[Pandhurna]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|40,931 |- | [[Pandua, Hooghly|Pandua]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|27,161 |- | [[Panipat]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|354,148 |- | [[Panna, Indie|Panna]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|52,057 |- | [[Panniyannur]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|20,863 |- | [[Panruti]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|55,346 |- | [[Panvel]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|204,336 |- | [[Pappinisseri]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|33,273 |- | [[Paradip]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|73,625 |- | [[Paramakudi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|84,321 |- | [[Parangipettai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,912 |- | [[Parasi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,206 |- | [[Paravur, Kollam|Paravoor]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|38,652 |- | [[Parbhani]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|259,329 |- | [[Pardi]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,275 |- | [[Parlakhemundi]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|43,097 |- | [[Parli, Maharashtra|Parli]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|88,537 |- | [[Parola]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|34,799 |- | [[Partur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|29,012 |- | [[Parvathipuram, Andhra Pradesh|Parvathipuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|49,714 |- | [[Pasan]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,565 |- | [[Paschim Punropara]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|31,198 |- | [[Pasighat]] || [[Arunachal Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,965 |- | [[Patan, Gujarat|Patan]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|113,749 |- | [[Pathanamthitta]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|38,009 |- | [[Pathankot]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|168,485 |- | [[Pathardi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,827 |- | [[Pathri]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|32,001 |- | [[Patiala]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|405,164 |- | [[Patna, Indie|Patna]]* || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|1,697,976 |- | [[Patran, Indie|Patran]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,175 |- | [[Patratu, Jharkhand|Patratu]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|32,134 |- | [[Pattamundai]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,730 |- | [[Patti, Punjab|Patti]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|34,444 |- | [[Pattukkottai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|65,533 |- | [[Patur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|20,538 |- | [[Pauni]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,587 |- | [[Pauri]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|24,743 |- | [[Paavagada]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|28,068 |- | [[Pedana]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|29,613 |- | [[Peddapuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|45,520 |- | [[Pehowa]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|33,564 |- | [[Pen]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|30,201 |- | [[Penuganchiprolu]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || G.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,000 |- | [[Perambalur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|37,631 |- | [[Peravurani]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,045 |- | [[Peringathur]] || [[Kerala]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|37,699 |- | [[Perinthalmanna]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|44,612 |- | [[Periyakulam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,012 |- | [[Periyapatna]] || [[Karnataka]] || CT || style="text-align:right;"|4,236 ||align="right"| |- | [[Periyasemur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|32,024 |- | [[Pernampattu]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|41,499 |- | [[Perumbavoor]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,547 |- | [[Petlad]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,147 |- | [[Phagwara]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|102,253 |- | [[Phalodi]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|44,868 |- | [[Phaltan]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|50,800 |- | [[Phillaur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,302 |- | [[Phulabani]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|33,890 |- | [[Phulera]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,643 |- | [[Phulpur, Allahabad|Phulpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,986 |- | [[Phusro]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|174,402 |- | [[Pihani]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|27,545 |- | [[Pilani]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|40,590 |- | [[Pilibanga]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|33,608 |- | [[Pilibhit]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|124,245 |- | [[Pilkhuwa]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|66,907 |- | [[Pindwara]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,765 |- | [[Pinjore]] || [[Haryana]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|29,609 |- | [[Piparcity]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,735 |- | [[Pipariya, Hoshangabad|Pipariya]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|44,378 |- | [[Piro, Bhojpur|Piro]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|25,811 |- | [[Pithampur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|68,080 |- | [[Pithapuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,103 |- | [[Pithoragarh]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|44,964 |- | [[Pollachi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|128,458 |- | [[Polur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,505 |- | [[Pondicherry]]* || [[Puducherry]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|505,959 |- | [[Ponkunnam]] || [[Kerala]] || S.T.C || style="text-align:right;"|26,121 |- | [[Ponnani]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|87,495 |- | [[Ponneri]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,309 |- | [[Ponnur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|57,640 |- | [[Porbandar]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|197,382 |- | [[Porsa]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|33,103 |- | [[Port Blair]]* || [[Andaman an Nicobar Islands]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|99,984 |- | [[Powayan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,406 |- | [[Prantij]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,282 |- | [[Pratapgarh, Rajasthan|Pratapgarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|35,422 |- | [[Pratapgarh, Tripura|Pratapgarh]] || [[Tripura]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|26,837 |- | [[Prithvipur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,535 |- | [[Proddatur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|150,309 |- | [[Pudukkottai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|109,217 |- | [[Pudupattinam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|20,901 |- | [[Pukhrayan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|20,107 |- | [[Pulgaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|36,522 |- | [[Puliyankudi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|60,080 |- | [[Punalur]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|47,235 |- | [[Poonch|Punch]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|23,978 |- | [[Pune]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|3,760,636 |- | [[Punjaipugalur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,309 |- | [[Punganur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|44,314 |- | [[Puranpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|37,233 |- | [[Purna]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|33,225 |- | [[Puri]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|157,837 |- | [[Purnia]] || [[Bihar]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|197,211 |- | [[Purquazi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|23,599 |- | [[Purulia]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|113,806 |- | [[Purwa]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,271 |- | [[Pusad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|67,116 |- | [[Puthooru]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|48,070 |- | [[Puthuppally, Kottayam|Puthuppally]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|18,850 |- | [[Puttur, Andhra Pradesh|Puttur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|29,436 |} ==Q== [[Image:Quilandy.jpg|thumb|right|View o [[Quilandy]] railwey station]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Qadian]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|22,001 |- | [[Quilandy]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|68,982 |} ==R== [[File:Gdlang.jpg|thumb|G.D.Lang Institution, [[Raghunathpur, Purulia|Raghunathpur]], [[Purulia]], [[Wast Bengal]].]] [[Image:Ranchi 9245.JPG|thumb|right|View o [[Ranchi]] frae Ranchi Hills]] [[Image:Stadium rohtak.jpg|thumb|right|Athletic Stadium, Sector-6, [[Rohtak]]]] [[Image:NTPC RAMAGUNDAM.jpg|thumb|right| View of NTPC in [[Ramagundam]]]] [[Image:AtRatlam.JPG|thumb|right| Jaipur Express at [[Ratlam]] Railway Station]] [[Image:Aastana-e-quadeer.jpg|thumb|right|A Dargah in [[Raichur]]]] [[Image:Rewa Kund.JPG|thumb|right|Rewa Kund in Rewa]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Rabakavi Banahatti]] || [[Karnataka]] || CMC || style="text-align:right;"|70,248 |- | [[Radhanpur]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,191 |- | [[Rae Bareli]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|169,333 |- | [[Rafiganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|24,992 |- | [[Raghogarh-Vijaypur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|49,173 |- | [[Raghunathpur, Purulia|Raghunathpur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,932 |- | [[Raghunathganj]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|3,46,854 |- | [[Rahatgarh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,215 |- | [[Raichuri]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|34,476 |- | [[Raayachuru]] || [[Karnataka]] || CMC || style="text-align:right;"|207,421 |- | [[Raiganj]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|175,047 |- | [[Raigarh]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|115,908 |- | [[Ranipet]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|262,346 |- | [[Raikot]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|24,769 |- | [[Raipur]]* || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|700,113 |- | [[Rairangpur]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|21,896 |- | [[Raisen]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|35,702 |- | [[Raisinghnagar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,736 |- | [[Rajagangapur]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|43,594 |- | [[Rajahmundry]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|413,616 |- | [[Rajakhera]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,349 |- | [[Rajaldesar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,836 |- | [[Rajam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|23,424 |- | [[Rajampet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"| 109,575 |- | [[Rajapalayam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|122,307 |- | [[Rajauri]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|21,580 |- | [[Rajgarh, Alwar|Rajgarh (Alwar)]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,009 |- | [[Rajgarh, Churu|Rajgarh (Churu)]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|51,640 |- | [[Rajgarh, Madhya Pradesh|Rajgarh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,937 |- | [[Rajgir]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|33,738 |- | [[Rajkot]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,606,745(2012) |- | [[Rajnandgaon]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|143,770 |- | [[Rajpipla]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,923 |- | [[Rajpura]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|82,956 |- | [[Rajsamand]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|55,687 |- | [[Rajula]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,395 |- | [[Rajura]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|25,843 |- | [[Ramachandrapuram, East Godavari|Ramachandrapuram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|41,370 |- | [[Ramagundam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|237,686 |- | [[Raamanagara]] || [[Karnataka]] || CMC || style="text-align:right;"|79,394 |- | [[Ramanathapuram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|62,050 |- | [[Raamadurga]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|36,649 |- | [[Rameshwaram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|37,968 |- | [[Ramganj Mandi]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|30,973 |- | [[Ramgarh, Jharkhand|Ramngarh]] || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|110,496 |- | [[Ramgarh, Sikar|Ramngarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,458 |- | [[Ramnagar, Paschim Champaran|Ramnagar]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|38,554 |- | [[Ramnagar, Uttarakhand|Ramnagar]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|46,205 |- | [[Rampur, Uttar Pradesh|Rampur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|281,494 |- | [[Rampur Maniharan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,844 |- | [[Rampur Maniharan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,844 |- | [[Rampura Phul]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|44,665 |- | [[Rampurhat]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,613 |- | [[Ramtek]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,516 |- | [[Ranaghat]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|145,285 |- | [[Ranavav]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|29,645 |- | [[Ranchi]]* || [[Jharkhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|863,495 |- | [[Rangia]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|25,151 |- | [[Rania, Haryana|Rania]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|20,961 |- | [[Ranibennur]] || [[Karnataka]] || CMC || style="text-align:right;"|89,618 |- | [[Rapar]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|23,057 |- | [[Rasipuram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|46,330 |- | [[Rasra]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|29,238 |- | [[Ratangarh, Churu|Ratangarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|63,486 |- | [[Rath, India|Rath]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|55,950 |- | [[Ratia]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|23,826 |- | [[Ratlam]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|14,54,483 (2011) |- | [[Ratnagiri]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|70,383 |- | [[Rau]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,855 |- | [[Raurkela]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|484,874 |- | [[Raver, Maharashtra|Raver]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|25,993 |- | [[Rawatbhata]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,690 |- | [[Rawatsar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,387 |- | [[Raxaul Bazar]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|41,610 |- | [[Rayachoti]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|72,297 |- | [[Rayadurg]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|54,125 |- | [[Rayagada]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|57,759 |- | [[Reengus]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,932 |- | [[Rehli]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,890 |- | [[Renigunta]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|23,862 |- | [[Renukoot]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|66,597 |- | [[Reoti]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,082 |- | [[Repalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,539 |- | [[Revelganj]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,042 |- | [[Rewa, Madhya Pradesh|Rewa]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|183,274 |- | [[Rewari]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|100,684 |- | [[Rishikesh]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|78,805 |- | [[Risod]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|27,516 |- | [[Robertsganj]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|32,243 |- | [[Robertson Pet]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|157,084 |- | [[Rohtak]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|294,577 |- | [[Ron, Karnataka|Ron]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,643 |- | [[Roorkee]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|115,278 |- | [[Rosera]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,492 |- | [[Rudauli]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|36,776 |- | [[Rudrapur]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|88,676 |- | [[Rudrapur, Uttar Pradesh|Rudrapur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|26,683 |- | [[Rupnagar]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|49,159 |} ==S== [[Image:SIT.JPG|thumb|right|SIT (Siliguri Institute of Technology), [[Siliguri]], [[Wast Bengal]]]] [[Image:Siliguri(SIEM).jpg|thumb|[[Siliguri]], (SIEM)]] [[Image:GauravPath1.jpg|thumb|right|Streets o [[Surat]]]] [[Image:Siliguri Uttarayon township.jpg|thumb|right|A Tounship in [[Siliguri]], [[Wast Bengal]].]] [[Image:Srinagar pano.jpg|thumb|right|View o Dal Loch an the ceety o [[Srinagar]]]] <!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Siddheshwar.jpg|thumb|right|A Temple in [[Solapur]]]] --> [[Image:Salem Seelanaickenpati.jpg|thumb|right|Areal view o Salem City]] [[Image:Ganges canal roorkee1860.jpg|thumb|right|Wattercolor showin The Ganges Canal in [[Saharanpur]]]] [[Image:WCE Sangli.jpg|thumb|right|Walchand College of Engineering in [[Sangli]]]] [[Image:Sirts.JPG|thumb|right|A view o College Sagar Institute of Research, Technology & Science in Sagar]] [[Image:Shimoga Talaguppa Railcar.jpg|thumb|right|A Railcar runnin atween [[Shimoga]] an Talaguppa]] [[Image:Shillong.jpg|thumb|right|Areal view o [[Shillong]] City]] [[Image:Satna-Main street.JPG|thumb|right|View of Main street in [[Satna]] City durin early houres]] [[Image:Veku silchar.jpg|thumb|right|View o [[Silchar]] Airport]] [[Image:Sitapur Jn Railway Station Outside View 1.jpg|thumb|right|Ootside view o [[Sitapur]] Railway]] [[Image:Madhav National Park1.JPG|thumb|right|Madhav National Park in [[Shivpuri]]]] [[Image:Train shimla.jpg|thumb|right| Toy train in [[Shimla]] runnin atween Shimla an Kalka]] [[Image:Sasaram.jpg|thumb|right|View o Mausolée de Sher Shah Suri à Sasaram in [[Sasaram]]]] [[Image:Busy Street, Sivakasi.jpg|thumb|right|Busy Streets o [[Sivakasi]], Small Japan]] [[Image:Satara city sunset by amitrc7th.jpg|thumb|right|View o [[Satara]] Ceety at sunset, frae Charbhinti]] [[Image:Sarni - Satpura Dam.JPG|thumb|right|View o the [[Satpura]] Dam]] [[Image:Pillalamarri1.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Pillalamarri, ane o the auldest Hindu Temples in [[Suryapet]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Sabalgarh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|34,039 |- | [[Sadabad, Uttar Pradesh|Sadabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|31,742 |- | [[Sadalaga]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,202 |- | [[Sadasivpet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,334 |- | [[Sadri]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|24,413 |- | [[Sadulshahar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,326 |- | [[Sadulpur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|1,22,326 |- | [[Safidon]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|27,541 |- | [[Safipur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,378 |- | [[Sagar, Madhya Pradesh|Sagar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|308,922 |- | [[Sagara, Karnataka|Sagara]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|50,131 |- | [[Sagwara]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|31,127 |- | [[Saharanpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|455,754 |- | [[Saharsa]] || [[Bihar]] || N.T || style="text-align:right;"|125,167 |- | [[Sahaspur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,606 |- | [[Sahaswan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|58,184 |- | [[Sahawar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,470 |- | [[Sahibganj]] || [[Jharkhand]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|80,154 |- | [[Sahjanwa]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,107 |- | [[Saidpur, Ghazipur|Saidpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,568 |- | [[Saiha]] || [[Mizoram]] || N.T || style="text-align:right;"|19,731 |- | [[Sailu]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|39,851 |- | [[Sainthia]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|39,145 |- | [[Sakaleshapura]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|23,176 |- | [[Sakti]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,213 |- | [[Salaya]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,875 |- | [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|751,438 |- | [[Salur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|48,354 |- | [[Samalkha]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|29,866 |- | [[Samalkot]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,602 |- | [[Samana, Patiala|Samana]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|46,592 |- | [[Samastipur]] || [[Bihar]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|61,998 |- | [[Sambalpur]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|226,469 |- | [[Sambhal]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|182,478 |- | [[Sambhar, Rajasthan|Sambhar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,293 |- | [[Samdhan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,327 |- | [[Samthar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|20,217 |- | [[Sanand]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,417 |- | [[Sanawad]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,114 |- | [[Sanchore]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,884 |- | [[Sindagi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C. || style="text-align:right;"|23,234 |- | [[Sandi, Uttar Pradesh|Sandi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|23,234 |- | [[Sandila]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|48,899 |- | [[Sandooru, India|Sandur]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|27,614 |- | [[Sangamner]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|61,958 |- | [[Sangareddy]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|57,113 |- | [[Sangaria, Rajasthan|Sangaria]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,537 |- | [[Sangli]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|447,774 |- | [[Sangole]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|28,116 |- | [[Sangrur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|77,989 |- | [[Sankarankoil]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,606 |- | [[Sankari]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|27,454 |- | [[Sankeshwara]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|32,511 |- | [[Santipur]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|138,235 |- | [[Sarangpur, Madhya Pradesh|Sarangpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,294 |- | [[Sardarshahar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|81,394 |- | [[Sardhana]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|48,314 |- | [[Sarni, Madhya Pradesh|Sarni]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|95,012 |- | [[Sasaram]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|131,172 |- | [[Sasvad]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,689 |- | [[Satana, Indie|Satana]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|32,561 |- | [[Satara]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|108,048 |- | [[Satna]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|229,307 |- | [[Sathyamangalam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|33,722 |- | [[Sattenapalle]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,404 |- | [[Sattur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|31,443 |- | [[Saunda]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|85,075 |- | [[Soudaththi-Yellamma]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|38,155 |- | [[Sausar]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,312 |- | [[Savarkundla]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|73,774 |- | [[Savanur, Haveri|Savanur]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|35,563 |- | [[Savner]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,712 |- | [[Sawai Madhopur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|101,997 |- | [[Sawantwadi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,901 |- | [[Sedam]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|31,539 |- | [[Sehore]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|92,518 |- | [[Sendhwa]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|48,941 |- | [[Seohara]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|47,575 |- | [[Seoni]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|89,801 |- | [[Seoni Malwa|Seoni-Malwa]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,202 |- | [[Shahabad, Gulbarga|Shahabad]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|66,550 |- | [[Shahabad, Hardoi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|67,751 |- | [[Shahabad, Rampur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|32,370 |- | [[Shahada, Maharashtra|Shahade]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|49,696 |- | [[Shahbad]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|37,289 |- | [[Shahdol]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|78,624 |- | [[Shahganj]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|24,602 |- | [[Shahjahanpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|321,885 |- | [[Shahapura]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|38,907 |- | [[Shahpura, Jaipur|Shahpura]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,174 |- | [[Shahpura, Bhilwara|Shahpura]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,792 |- | [[Shajapur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|57,818 |- | [[Shamgarh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,507 |- | [[Shamli]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|90,055 |- | [[Shamsabad, Agra]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|27,338 |- | [[Shamsabad, Farrukhabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,596 |- | [[Shegaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|52,423 |- | [[Sheikhpura]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|43,113 |- | [[Shendurjana]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|21,083 |- | [[Shenkottai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,838 |- | [[Sheoganj]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|24,789 |- | [[Sheohar]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|21,262 |- | [[Sheopur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|58,342 |- | [[Sherghati]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|32,526 |- | [[Sherkot]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|52,880 |- | [[Shiggaavi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,327 |- | [[Shikaaripura|Shikapur]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|31,516 |- | [[Shikarpur, Bulandshahr]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|33,187 |- | [[Shikohabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|88,161 |- | [[Shillong]]* || [[Meghalaya]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|267,662 |- | [[Shimla]]* || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|144,975 |- | [[Shivamogga]] || [[Karnataka]] || C.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|274,352 |- | [[Shirdi]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,184 |- | [[Shirpur-Warwade]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|61,694 |- | [[Shirur, Maharashtra|Shirur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,999 |- | [[Shishgarh]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,684 |- | [[Shivpuri]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|146,892 |- | [[Sholavandan]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,638 |- | [[Sholingur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|26,652 |- | [[Shoranur]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,029 |- | [[Surapura]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|43,622 |- | [[Shrigonda]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,324 |- | [[Shrirampur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|88,761 |- | [[Shree Rangapattana]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|23,729 |- | [[Shujalpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,461 |- | [[Siana]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|38,999 |- | [[Sibsagar]] || [[Assam]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|53,854 |- | [[Siddipet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|61,809 |- | [[Sidhi]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|45,700 |- | [[Sidhpur]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|58,194 |- | [[Sidhalaghatta]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|41,098 |- | [[Sihor]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|46,960 |- | [[Sihora]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|37,870 |- | [[Sikanderpur, Uttar Pradesh|Sikanderpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,783 |- | [[Sikandra Rao]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|37,938 |- | [[Sikandrabad]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|69,867 |- | [[Sikar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|185,925 |- | [[Silao]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|20,177 |- | [[Silapathar]] || [[Assam]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|22,516 |- | [[Silchar]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|184,105 |- | [[Siliguri]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|1,572,000 |- | [[Sillod]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|43,867 |- | [[Silvassa]]* || [[Dadra an Nagar Haveli]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,893 |- | [[Simdega]] || [[Jharkhand]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|33,981 |- | [[Sindhagi]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|27,732 |- | [[Sindhanooru]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|61,262 |- | [[Singapur, Adilabad|Singapur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|23,468 |- | [[Singrauli]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|185,190 |- | [[Sinnar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|31,630 |- | [[Sheraa, Karnataka|Sira]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|50,088 |- | [[Sircilla]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|65,314 |- | [[Sirhind-Fategarh|Sirhind Fatehgarh Sahib]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|49,825 |- | [[Sirkali]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,228 |- | [[Sirohi]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|35,544 |- | [[Sironj]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|42,179 |- | [[Sirsa, Haryana|Sirsa]] || [[Haryana]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|160,735 |- | [[Sirsaganj]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|28,212 |- | [[Sherasi, Karnataka|Sirsi]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|65,335 |- | [[Sirsi, Uttar Pradesh|Sirsi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,373 |- | [[Sheraguppa]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|42,919 |- | [[Sitamarhi]] || [[Bihar]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|87,279 |- | [[Sitapur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|151,908 |- | [[Sitarganj]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|22,027 |- | [[Sivaganga]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|40,220 |- | [[Sivagiri, Tirunelveli|Sivagiri]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,380 |- | [[Sivakasi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|121,358 |- | [[Siwan, Bihar|Siwan]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|109,919 |- | [[Sohagpur]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,339 |- | [[Sohna]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|27,570 |- | [[Sojat]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|38,883 |- | [[Solan, Himachal Pradesh|Solan]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|34,206 |- | [[Solapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|872,478 |- | [[Sonamukhi]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,354 |- | [[Sonepur, Bihar|Sonepur]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|33,490 |- | [[Songadh]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,431 |- | [[Sonipat]] || [[Haryana]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|225,074 |- | [[Sopore]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|59,624 |- | [[Soro, Baleshwar|Soro]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|27,794 |- | [[Soron]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|26,678 |- | [[Soyagaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,819 |- | [[Sri Madhopur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,492 |- | [[Srikakulam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|117,320 |- | [[Srikalahasti]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|70,854 |- | [[Srinagar]]* || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|988,210 |- | [[Shreenivaasapura]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,959 |- | [[Srisailam Project (RFC) Tounship|Srisailam Project (Richt Flank Colony) Tounship]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|23,273 |- | [[Srirampore]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || || style="text-align:right;"|19500 |- | [[Srivilliputhur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|73,183 |- | [[Suar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|26,149 |- | [[Sugauli]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|31,432 |- | [[Sujangarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|83,846 |- | [[Sujanpur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|21,815 |- | [[Sultanganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|41,958 |- | [[Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh|Sultanpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|100,065 |- | [[Sumerpur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|31,482 |- | [[Sumerpur, Uttar Pradesh|Sumerpur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,661 |- | [[Sunabeda]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|58,884 |- | [[Sunam]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|56,251 |- | [[Sundargarh]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|38,421 |- | [[Sundarnagar]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|23,986 |- | [[Supaul]] || [[Bihar]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|54,085 |- | [[Surandai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|28,146 |- | [[Surat]] || [[Gujarat]] || M.Corp. || style="text-align:right;"|2,876,374 |- | [[Suratgarh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|58,119 |- | [[Suri, Birbhum|Suri]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|61,806 |- | [[Suriyampalayam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,923 |- | [[Suryapet]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|94,585 |} ==T== [[Image:Thiruvananthapuram Appartments.jpg|thumb|right|Apairtments comin up in the ootskirts o [[Trivandrum]]]] [[Image:TrichyCity, KaveriRiver and Srirangam.jpg|thumb|right|View o Kaveri River an Srirangam Temple frae Rock Fort Temple in [[Trichy]] ceety]] [[Image:JJP 112.jpg|thumb|right|Skyline o [[Thrissur]]]] [[Image:TirumalTemple.jpg|thumb|right|View o the warld famous Tirumala temple in Tirupati]] [[Image:Tumkur Countryside.jpg|thumb|right|Kintraside view o [[Tumkur]]]] [[Image:Rajarajan Manimandapam.jpg|thumb|right|Rajarajan Manimandapam durin nicht in [[Thanjavur]] ceety]] [[Image:View over Arunchaleshvara Temple from the Red Mountain - Tiruvannamalai - India 01.JPG|thumb|right|View o the majestic Arunchaleshvara Temple from the Red Mountain in [[Tiruvannamalai]] ceety]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Tadepalligudem]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|102,622 |- | [[Tadpatri]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|86,843 |- | [[Taki (Indie)|Taki]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|37,305 |- | [[Talaja]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,104 |- | [[Talcher]] || [[Odisha]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|34,998 |- | [[Talegaon Dabhade]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|42,578 |- | [[Thaalikote]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|26,205 |- | [[Taliparamba]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|67,507 |- | [[Talode]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|25,036 |- | [[Talwara]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|22,574 |- | [[Tamluk]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|45,830 |- | [[Tanda, Ambedkar Nagar|Tanda]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|83,467 |- | [[Tanda, Rampur|Tanda]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|40,013 |- | [[Tandur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|57,941 |- | [[Tanuku]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|72,970 |- | [[Tarakeswar]] || [[Wast Bengal]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|28,187 |- | [[Tarana]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,453 |- | [[Taranagar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,066 |- | [[Taraori]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|22,201 |- | [[Tarbha]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C. || style="text-align:right;"|10,117 |- | [[Tarikere, Chikmagalur|Tarikere]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|34,066 |- | [[Tarn Taran Sahib|Tarn Taran]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|55,787 |- | [[Tasgaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|33,457 |- | [[Tehri]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|25,423 |- | [[Tekkalakote]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,583 |- | [[Tenali]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|153,756 |- | [[Tenkasi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|63,432 |- | [[Tenu Dam-cum-Kathhara]] || [[Jharkhand]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|20,441 |- | [[Thergallu]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,616 |- | [[Tetri Bazar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|21,931 |- | [[Tezpur]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|105,377 |- | [[Thakurdwara]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|35,371 |- | [[Thammampatti]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,751 |- | [[Thana Bhawan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|31,161 |- | [[Thane]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,818,872 |- | [[Thanesar]] || [[Haryana]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|122,319 |- | [[Thangadh]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,880 |- | [[Thanjavur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|215,314 |- | [[Tharad]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,815 |- | [[Tharamangalam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,144 |- | [[Tharangambadi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,843 |- | [[Theni Allinagaram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|85,498 |- | [[Tirumangalam, Madurai|Thirumangalam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|43,631 |- | [[Thirunindravur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|29,332 |- | [[Thiruparappu]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,736 |- | [[Thirupuvanam, Sivaganga|Thirupuvanam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,589 |- | [[Thiruthuraipoondi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,905 |- | [[Thiruvalla]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|56,837 |- | [[Thiruvallur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|45,732 |- | [[Thiruvananthapuram]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,189,635 |- | [[Thiruvarur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|56,341 |- | [[Thodupuzha]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|46,246 |- | [[Thoothukudi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|410,760<ref>http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf</ref> |- | [[Thoubal]] || [[Manipur]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|41,174 |- | [[Thrissur]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|330,122 |- | [[Thuraiyur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|31,005 |- | [[Tikamgarh]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|68,426 |- | [[Tikota]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P. || style="text-align:right;"|28,426 |- | [[Tilda Newra]] || [[Chhattisgarh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|26,909 |- | [[Tilhar]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|52,911 |- | [[Talikota]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P. || style="text-align:right;"|52,911 |- | [[Tindivanam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|67,737 |- | [[Tinsukia]] || [[Assam]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|108,123 |- | [[Thipatooru]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|53,104 |- | [[Tirora]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,529 |- | [[Tiruchendur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|87,101 |- | [[Tiruchengode]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|80,187 |- | [[Tiruchirappalli]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|266,354 |- | [[Tirukalukundram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,715 |- | [[Tirukkoyilur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|27,197 |- | [[Tirunelveli]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|433,352 |- | [[Tirupathur, Sivaganga|Tirupathur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,559 |- | [[Tirupathur, Vellore|Tirupathur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|60,876 |- | [[Tirupati]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|303,521 |- | [[Tiruppur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M.Corp|| style="text-align:right;"|550,826 |- | [[Tirur]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,654 |- | [[Tiruttani]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|38,314 |- | [[Tiruvannamalai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|280,569 |- | [[Tiruvethipuram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|35,201 |- | [[Tiruvuru]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|35,201 |- | [[Tirwaganj]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,231 |- | [[Titlagarh]] || [[Odisha]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|30,273 |- | [[Tittakudi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,735 |- | [[Todabhim]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|20,845 |- | [[Todaraisingh]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|21,217 |- | [[Tohana]] || [[Haryana]] || M.C || style="text-align:right;"|51,519 |- | [[Tonk, Rajasthan|Tonk]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|135,689 |- | [[Tuensang]] || [[Nagaland]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|29,772 |- | [[Tuljapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|31,706 |- | [[Tulsipur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,243 |- | [[Thumakooru]] || [[Karnataka]] || C.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|248,929 |- | [[Tumsar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|42,021 |- | [[Tundla]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|54,576 |- | [[Tuni]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|50,368 |- | [[Tura, Meghalaya|Tura]] || [[Meghalaya]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|58,978 |} ==U== [[Image:Udaipur-City Palace.jpg|thumb|right|View o Ceety Palace in [[Udaipur]]]] [[Image:Malpe.jpg|thumb|right|Malpe Beach in [[Udupi]]]] [[Image:NMR up train at Kateri Road 05-02-28 04.jpeg|thumb|right|NMR train climbs in [[Udhagamandalam]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Uchgaon]] || [[Maharashtra]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|22,548 |- | [[Udaipur]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|389,438 |- | [[Udaipur, Tripura|Udaipur]] || [[Tripura]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,758 |- | [[Udaipurwati]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,843 |- | [[Udgir]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|91,933 |- | [[Udhagamandalam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|93,987 |- | [[Udhampur]] || [[Jammu an Kashmir]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|86,299 |- | [[Udumalaipettai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|59,668 |- | [[Udupi]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|127,124 |- | [[Ugar]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|39,287 |- | [[Ujhani]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|51,051 |- | [[Ujjain]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1986597 (2011) |- | [[Umarga]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|30,178 |- | [[Umaria]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|26,842 |- | [[Umarkhed]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|34,059 |- | [[Umarkote]] || [[Odisha]] || N.A.C || style="text-align:right;"|24,859 |- | [[Umbergaon]] || [[Gujarat]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|21,684 |- | [[Umred]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|49,577 |- | [[Umreth]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|32,191 |- | [[Una, Gujarat|Una]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|51,261 |- | [[Unjha]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,876 |- | [[Unnamalaikadai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,666 |- | [[Unnao]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || Sub-Metropolis || style="text-align:right;"|644,662 |- | [[Upleta]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|55,438 |- | [[Uran]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|23,251 |- | [[Uran Islampur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|58,330 |- | [[Uravakonda]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|31,856 |- | [[Urmar Tanda]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,048 |- | [[Usilampatti]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|30,601 |- | [[Uthamapalayam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|22,104 |- | [[Uthiramerur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|23,656 |- | [[Utraula]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|27,502 |} ==V== [[Image:Baroda KM.jpg|thumb|right|Mahanagar Seva Sadan Building in [[Vadodara]]]] [[Image:Vizag aerial view.jpg|thumb|right|Aerial view o [[Visakhapatnam]] ceety]] [[Image:Ahilya Ghat by the Ganges, Varanasi.jpg|thumb|right|View o [[Varanasi]] frae Ganges]] [[Image:Vijayawada from Gandhi Hill.jpg|thumb|right|View o [[Vijayawada]] ceety]] [[Image:Vellorefort.jpg|thumb|right|view o [[vellore fort]] in vellore city]] [[Image:Technology Tower(VIT).jpg|thumb|right|Technology Tower Building o VIT University in [[Vellore]] Ceety]] [[Image:Sripuram Temple Full View.jpg|thumb|right|Srimahalakshmi Gowden Temple in vellore ceety]] [[File:View of Vizianagaram town Andhra Pradesh.jpg|thumb|View o [[Vizianagaram]] toun]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Vatakara|Vadakara]] || [[Kerala]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|124,083 |- | [[Vadakkuvalliyur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|24,023 |- | [[Vadalur]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|26,016 |- | [[Vadgaon Kasba]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|22,758 |- | [[Vadipatti]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|21,833 |- | [[Vadnagar]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|25,033 |- | [[Vadodara]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,491,045 |- | [[Vaijapur]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|37,064 |- | [[Vaikom]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|22,641 |- | [[Valparai]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|95,107 |- | [[Valsad]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|145,592 |- | [[Vandavasi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|29,610 |- | [[Vaniyambadi]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|103,950 |- | [[Vapi]] || [[Gujarat]] || I.N.A || style="text-align:right;"|23,844 |- | [[Vapi]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|71,406 |- | [[Varanasi]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,203,961 |- | [[Varkala]] || [[Kerala]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|40,728 |- | [[Vasai]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|174,396 |- | [[Vedaranyam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|31,627 |- | [[Vellakoil]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|34,438 |- | [[Vellore]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M.corp || style="text-align:right;"|756,045 |- | [[Venkatagiri]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|31,341 |- | [[Veraval]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|158,032 |- | [[Vicarabad]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|42,410 |- | [[Vidisha]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|125,453 |- | [[Vijainagar]] || [[Rajasthan]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|27,695 |- | [[Vijapur]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|30,961 |- | [[Vijaypur, Uttarakhand|Vijaypur]] || [[Uttarakhand]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|29,540 |- | [[Vijayapura]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|29,540 |- | [[Vijayawada]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,039,518 |- | [[Vikramasingapuram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || T.P || style="text-align:right;"|48,309 |- | [[Viluppuram]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|95,455 |- | [[Vinukonda]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|52,519 |- | [[Viramgam]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|53,094 |- | [[Virar]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|118,928 |- | [[Virudhachalam]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|60,164 |- | [[Virudhunagar]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|72,081 |- | [[Visakhapatnam]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,345,938 |- | [[Visnagar]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|73,488 |- | [[Viswanatham]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|22,154 |- | [[Vita, Maharashtra|Vita]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|41,804 |- | [[Vizianagaram]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|195,801 |- | [[Vrindavan]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|56,692 |- | [[Vyara]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|36,226 |} ==W== [[Image:Warangal fort.jpg|thumb|right| A pillar in [[Warangal]] Fort]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Wadgaon Road]] || [[Maharashtra]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|30,756 |- | [[Wadhwan]] || [[Gujarat]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|219,585 |- | [[Waadi, Karnataka|Wadi]] || [[Karnataka]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|34,714 |- | [[Wai, Maharashtra|Wai]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|31,110 |- | [[Wanaparthy]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|50,114 |- | [[Wani, Maharashtra|Wani]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|52,834 |- | [[Wankaner]] || [[Gujarat]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|40,191 |- | [[Wara Seoni]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|24,757 |- | [[Warangal]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|1,087,000 |- | [[Wardha]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|111,118 |- | [[Warhapur]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|20,866 |- | [[Warisaliganj]] || [[Bihar]] || N.A || style="text-align:right;"|31,347 |- | [[Warora]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|41,971 |- | [[Warud]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|41,005 |- | [[Washim]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|62,956 |- | [[Wokha]] || [[Nagaland]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|37,636 |} ==Y== <!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Svngmc.jpg|thumb|right|Administrative building of SVNGMC [[Yavatmal]]]] --> {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Yaadhagiri]] || [[Karnataka]] || T.M.C || style="text-align:right;"|58,811 |- | [[Yamunanagar]] || [[Haryana]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|306,740 |- | [[Yanam, Puducherry|Yanam]] || [[Puducherry]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|31,394 |- | [[Yavatmal]] || [[Maharashtra]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|139,835 |- | [[Yawal]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|31,803 |- | [[Yellandu]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|42,421 |- | [[Yemmiganur]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || M || style="text-align:right;"|76,411 |- | [[Yerraguntla]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]] || C.T || style="text-align:right;"|26,838 |- | [[Yevla]] || [[Maharashtra]] || M.Cl || style="text-align:right;"|26,838 |} ==Z== [[Image:Zaidpur gate 2007.jpg|thumb|right|Noor Muhammad Inter College in [[Zaidpur]]]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name o Ceety/Toun ! Name o State ! Clessification ! Population (2001) |- | [[Zaid]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|30,639 |- | [[Zamania]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]] || M.B || style="text-align:right;"|29,391 |- | [[Zira, Firozepur|Zira]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || UA || style="text-align:right;"|31,783 |- | [[Zirakpur]] || [[Punjab, Indie|Punjab]] || N.P || style="text-align:right;"|25,022 |- | [[Zunheboto]] || [[Nagaland]] || T.C || style="text-align:right;"|23,081 |} ==See an aw== * [[Clessification o Indie ceeties]] * [[Leet o million-plus agglomerations in Indie]] * [[Leet o maist populous ceeties in Indiea]] * [[Leet o maist populous metropolitan auries in Indie]] * [[Leet o ceety elk-names in Indie]] ==References== <references/> ==Freemit airtins== *[https://archive.is/20121205022713/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/s/p_in.htm Map] *[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ Indian Census] *[http://indiavoice.info/maps-of-india/city-maps/ Ceety Maps o Indie] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131151431/http://indiavoice.info/maps-of-india/city-maps/ |date=2010-01-31 }} *[http://www.onefivenine.com Indie veelages an maps] {{Asie topic|Leet o ceeties in}} {{Geografie o Indie}} {{DEFAULTSORT:List O Ceeties In Indie}} [[Category:Leets o ceeties in Indie| ]] [[Category:Leets o ceeties bi kintra|Indie]] ogey6mowvcb1h69i3gn6kequg6zyy7u Aladdin (1992 Disney film) 0 65273 869890 858782 2022-08-23T12:24:25Z 2A00:23C7:6120:F101:5856:4CB2:7878:3342 tae corrections wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots}}{{Infobox film | name = Aladdin | image = Aladdinposter.jpg | caption = Theatrical release poster; airt bi [[John Alvin]] | director = [[Ron Clements]]<br />[[John Musker]] | producer = Ron Clements<br />John Musker | writer = Ron Clements<br />John Musker<br />[[Ted Elliott (screenwriter)|Ted Elliott]]<br />[[Terry Rossio]] | based on = [[Aladdin and the Magic Lamp]] frae ''[[One Thousand and One Nights]]'' | starring = {{plainlist| * [[Scott Weinger]] * [[Robin Williams]] * [[Linda Larkin]] * [[Jonathan Freeman (actor)|Jonathan Freeman]] * [[Frank Welker]] * [[Gilbert Gottfried]] * [[Douglas Seale]]}} | music = [[Alan Menken]] <!-- Do nae add Howard Ashman or Tim Rice, the credit asks for music, nae lyrics --> | editing = Mark A. Hester <br />H. Lee Peterson | studio = Walt Disney Pictures<br/>Walt Disney Feature Animation | distributor = Buena Vista Pictures | released = {{Film date|1992|11|25}}<!-- Do nae add the UK or Australian release date here, please; see WP:FILMRELEASE. --> | runtime = 90 minnets | kintra = Unitit States | leid = Inglis | budget = $28 milȝeoun<ref name="boxoffice">{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=aladdin.htm|title=Aladdin box office info|publisher=Box Office Mojo|accessdate=Mairch 17, 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090215092824/http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=aladdin.htm| archivedate= Februar 15, 2009 | deadurl= no}}</ref> | gross = $504.1 milȝeoun<ref name="boxoffice"/> }} '''''Aladdin''''' is a 1992 American animatit muisical [[fantasie film]] produced bi Walt Disney Feature Animation an released bi [[Walt Disney Pictures]]. ''Aladdin'' is the 31st Disney animatit featur film, an wis pairt o the Disney film era kent as the Disney Renaissance. The film wis directit bi John Musker an Ron Clements, an is based on the Arab [[Fairy tale|folktale]] ''Aladdin an the Magic Lamp'' frae ''[[Ane Thoosand an Ane Nichts]]''. The vyce cast featurs Scott Weinger, [[Robin Williams]], Linda Larkin, Jonathan Freeman, Frank Welker, [[Gilbert Gottfried]], an Douglas Seale. Lyricist Howard Ashman first pitched the idea, an the screenplay went throu three drafts afore then-Disney Studios preses [[Jeffrey Katzenberg]] greed tae it bein made. The animators based thair designs on the wark o caricaturist Al Hirschfeld, an computers war uised for baith finishin the artwork an creautin some animatit elements. The muisical score wis scrieved bi Alan Menken an featurs sax sangs wi lyrics scrieved bi baith Ashman an Tim Rice, wha teuk ower efter Ashman's daith. ''Aladdin'' wis released on November 25, 1992 an wis the maist successfu film o 1992, earnin ower $217&nbsp;milȝeoun in revenue in the [[Unitit States]], an ower $504&nbsp;milȝeoun warldwide. The film won mony awairds an aw, maist o them for its soundtrack. {{nobreak|''Aladdin''{{'}}s}} success led tae ither material inspired bi the film, includin twa direct-to-video sequels, ''The Return o Jafar'' an ''Aladdin an the King o Thieves'', an animatit telly series o the same name, toys, video gemmes, spin-affs, includin a live-action remake, a prequel anent the genie titled ''Genies,'' Disney merchandise, an a Broadway adaptation whilk stairted in 2014. ==Plot== Jafar, Ryal Vizier o the fictional toon o Agrabah, is plaiced nearlins the watters o Jordan. His taulkin papingoe, Iago, seeks oot a magyk lamp hidden amid the Cave o Wonders. Thay're tellt that ainly yin body is worthy tae put in. The 'diamant in the ruff', wham Jafar later identifees as Aladdin, an Agrabah wynd urchin. Princess Jasmine o Agrabah, pure upset that the law requires her tae mairie a prince insteid o the yin she luves, escapes the pailace an meets Aladdin an his pet monkey, Abu. The pailace guards capture Aladdin on Jafar's orders. Jasmine confronts Jafar tae demand Aladdin's release, bit he lies an says that Aladdin haes bin kilt. Disguised as an auldjin, Jafar frees Aladdin an Abu an brings thaim tae the cave, ordering thaim tae retrieve the lamp. Efter bein telt tae titch hee haw bit the lamp, Aladdin finds a magic cairpet ben an obtains the lamp. Forgetting the cave's ruil, Abu grabs a jewel. Aladdin, Abu, an the cairpet rush tae escape the cave at the doon fallin; Aladdin gies the lamp tae Jafar, wha throws baith Aladdin an Abu back intae the cave, tho nae afore Abu steals the lamp back. Trapped, Aladdin rubs the lamp an meets the genie wha bides ben it. The genie grants Aladdin three wishes. Aladdin tricks the genie intae freeing thaim aw fae the cave athoot usin a wish. He uses his foremaist wish tae assume the identity o a prince tae woo Jasmine fer tae wee lassies fanny, an promises tae uise his third wish tae free the genie fae servitude. At Iago's request, Jafar plots tae acome [[Sultan]] by marrying Jasmine. Aladdin, as "Prince Ali Ababwa", arrives in Agrabah wi a lairge host, bit Kasmine becomes crabbit whin he discusses her fate wi her faither the Sultan an Jafar athoot her. As a means o apology, Aladdin steals Jasmine on a hurl on the magic cairpet. Whin she deduces his true identitie, he convinces her that he ainlie dresses as a peasant tae escape the stresses o ryal lee. Efter Aladdin brocht Jasmine hame, the palace guards captur Aladdin on Jafar's behest an throw him intae the sea. The genie appears en saves him at the cost o his seicont wish. Aladdin returns tae the pailace an expones Jafar's evil plot. Jafar flees efter spotting the lamp an sicweys discoverin Aladdin's true identity ooch en aye. Fearing that he wull lose jasmine if the truth is revealed, Aladdin breaks his promise an refuses tae unthirl the genie. Iago steals the lamp, an Jafar becomes the genie's nou master. He uses his foremaist twa wishes tae acome Sultan an the world's maist powerful sorcerer. He then expones Aladdin's identity an exiles him, Abu, an the cairpet tae a frozen wasteland. Thay escape an return tae the palace. Jasmine tries tae hulp Aladdin steal the lamp back, bit Jafar notices an overpowers the heroes wi his magic. Aladdin taunts Jafar fur bein less powerful than the genie, tricking Jafar intae usin his lest wish tae acome an aw-powerful genie hissel. Noo bound tae his nou lamp, Jafar ends up trapped ben it, takkin Iago wi him. Wi Agrabah returned tae normal, the genie banishes Jafar's lamp an advises Aladdin uise his third wish tae regain his ryal title sae the law wull allou him tae bade wi jasmine. Aladdin decides insteid tae keep his promise an frees the genie. Realising Aladdin an Jasmine's luve, the Sultana changes the law tae allou Jasmine tae mairie wham she chooses. The genie leaves tae explore the world, while Aladdin and Jasmin stairt thair freish lee thegither. ==Cast== *Scott Weinger as Aladdin, a poor, but kynd-hearted Agrabah thief. Weinger sent in a hamemade audition tape wi his mither playin the Genie,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.scottweinger.net/article13.html|title=As Genie, mom helped grant son's wish for 'Aladdin' role|author=Abbott, Jim|date=January 5, 1993|work=[[St. Paul Pioneer Press]]|accessdate=May 26, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602043724/http://www.scottweinger.net/article13.html|archivedate=June 2, 2009|deadurl=no}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602043724/http://www.scottweinger.net/article13.html |date=2009-06-02 }}</ref> an efter several caw backs he foond sax month later that he haed the pairt.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.scottweinger.net/article15.html|title=Aladdin's Voice Speaks|author=Caporaso, Jenna|author2=Trucks, Leigh|author3=Pompa, Andrew|date=February 27, 1994|work=[[The Charlotte Observer]]|accessdate=May 26, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416063832/http://www.scottweinger.net/article15.html|archivedate=April 16, 2009|deadurl=no}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416063832/http://www.scottweinger.net/article15.html |date=2009-04-16 }}</ref> Aladdin's supervising animator wis bi Glen Keane. Brad Kane gies Aladdin his singin vyce.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e1RTP8thtR0C&pg=PA112|title=Disney Voice Actors: A Biographical Dictionary|first=Thomas S.|last=Hischak|publisher=McFarland|year=2011|isbn=978-0-7864-6271-1|page=112}}</ref> *[[Robin Williams]] as Tae Genie, a comedic [[genie]], wi nigh omnipotent pouer that can anally be exercised whan his master wishes it. The Genie's supervising animator wis Eric Goldberg. Clements an Musker wrate the pairt o the Genie for Robin Williams an, whan met wi resistance, creatit a reel o Williams' stand-up tae animation o the Genie. The directors asked Goldberg tae animate a Genie ower ane o Williams' auld stand-up comedy routines tae pitch the idea tae the actor. The resultin test, whaur Williams taukin anent [[schizophrenia]] wis translated intae Genie growin anither heid tae argue wi himsel, made Williams "laugh his ass aff" an convinced him tae sign on fur the role. Williams' appearance in ''Aladdin'' (despite his appearance alang wi Christian Slater an Tim Curry in the early 1992 animatit film ''FernGully'') marks the beginnin o a transition in animatit film tae celebrity vyce actors, rather than specifically trained vyce actors in animatit film.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2011/10/how-celebrities-took-over-cartoon-voice-acting/247481|title=How Celebrities Took Over Cartoon Voice Acting|author=Meslow, Scott|work=The Atlantic|date=October 28, 2011|accessdate=May 3, 2015}}</ref> Williams providit mony celebrity impressions during recording sessions, which war re-adapted intae the fabric o the character. Thir included Ed Sullivan, [[Jack Nicholson]], [[Robert De Niro]], [[Groucho Marx]], [[Rodney Dangerfield]], William F. Buckley, Peter Lorre, [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]], an Arsenio Hall.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2014/08/12/robin-williams-aladdin-eric-goldberg|title=Robin Williams in 'Aladdin': Animator Eric Goldberg remembers drawing Genie|date=August 12, 2014|author=Labrecque, Jeff|work=Entertainment Weekly|accessdate=May 3, 2015}}</ref> Williams vyces the Peddler forby, a mysterious merchant wha appears at the beginnin o the film. Efter promoting feckless goods tae the audience, he reveals the magic lamp an begins the story o ''Aladdin''. The scene wis completely unscripted — the production left Williams a table wi props covered wi a sheet an asked him tae pull oot objects athoot lookin at them an describe them in-character. The dooble role originally led tae the Peddler revealin tae be the Genie disguised, but that idea wis dropped later in development.<ref name="ew" /> Bruce Adler supplies the singing vyce for the Peddler. *Jonathan Freeman as Jafar, the pouer-hungry Grand Vizier o Agrabah. Jafar wis originally envisioned as curnaptious, but the directors decidit that a calm villain wad be scarier.<ref name=popup/> Freeman wis the first actor cast an spent ane year an nine month recordin his dialogue. He later readjusted his vyce efter Weinger an Larkin war cast as he felt "Jafar had tae be seen as a real threat tae Aladdin an Jasmine".<ref>{{cite web|author=Hill, Jim|url=http://jimhillmedia.com/editor_in_chief1/b/jim_hill/archive/2011/06/13/jonathan-freeman-returns-as-jafar-in-new-stage-musical-version-of-disney-s-quot-aladdin-quot.aspx|title=Jonathan Freeman returns as Jafar in new stage musical version of Disney's "Aladdin"|publisher=Jim Hill Media|date=June 13, 2011|accessdate=December 26, 2011|archive-date=2019-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820184415/http://jimhillmedia.com/editor_in_chief1/b/jim_hill/archive/2011/06/13/jonathan-freeman-returns-as-jafar-in-new-stage-musical-version-of-disney-s-quot-aladdin-quot.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> Jafar's supervising animator wis Andreas Deja, wha tried tae incorporate Freeman's facial expressions an gesturing intae the character,<ref name=diamond/> while Jafar's beggar an snake forms are animatit bi Kathy Zielinski.<ref name=comm1/> *Linda Larkin as Princess Jasmine: The princess o Agrabah, wha is tired o life in the ryal pailace. Larkin wis chose nine month efter her audeetion, an haed tae lawer her heich-pitched vyce tae reach the vyce the film-makars war leukin for in the character.<ref name=popup/> Jasmine's supervising animator wis Mark Henn. [[Lea Salonga]] gies Jasmine her singin vyce.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://d23.com/lea-salonga/|title=Disney Legends: Lea Salonga|publisher=Disney.com|accessdate=December 26, 2011}}</ref> *Frank Welker as Abu, Aladdin's kleptomaniac pet monkey wi a heich-pitched vyce. The animators filmed monkeys at the San Francisco Zoo tae study thair muivments for Abu's character.<ref name=popup/> In the three years it teuk tae record the film, Welker didnae meet Weinger or Williams.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allspark.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1&Itemid=3|title=The Allspark Interviews Legend Frank Welker|author=Kalidor|date=September 22, 2006|work=allspark.com|accessdate=May 26, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602082326/http://www.allspark.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1&Itemid=3|archivedate=June 2, 2009|deadurl=no}}</ref> Welker vyces Jasmine's tiger Rajah an the Cave o Wonders forby.<ref name=comm1/> Duncan Marjoribanks wis the supervising animator for Abu, while Rajah wis animated bi Aaron Blaise. *[[Gilbert Gottfried]] as Iago, Jafar's sarcastic, foul-mouthed parrot assistant. Much lik Robin Williams, Gottfried wis gien freedom tae improvise his lines.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cinemablend.com/new/Why-Gilbert-Gottfried-Had-Keep-Recording-His-Aladdin-Lines-112457.html|title=Why Gilbert Gottfried Had To Keep Recording His Aladdin Lines |author=Libbey, Dirk|publisher=CinemaBlend|accessdate=December 26, 2011}}</ref> Iago's supervising animator Will Finn tried tae incorporate a wheen o aspects o Gottfried's appearance intae Iago's design, sic as his semi-closed een an the always-appearin teeth.<ref name=popup/> *Douglas Seale as The Sultan, the pompous, but kynd ruler o Agrabah, wha desperately tries tae find a suitor for his dochter Jasmine. Some aspects o the character war inspired bi the ''Wizard o Oz'', tae creaut a bumbling authority figure.<ref name=popup/> The Sultan's supervising animator wis David Pruiksma. *Jim Cummings as Razoul, the Captain o the Guard. He wis named efter layout supervisor Rasoul Azadani.<ref name=popup/> He an the ither guards war animated bi Phil Young an Chris Wahl. *Charlie Adler as Gazeem: A thief that Jafar sends intae the Cave o Wonders at the beginnin o the film but is trapped inside for bein unworthy. Gazeem wis animated bi T. Daniel Hofstedt. *Corey Burton as Prince Achmed, a snobbish prince wha is rejected bi Princess Jasmine as her suitor. ==Production== ===Script an development=== In 1988, lyricist Howard Ashman pitched the idea o an animated musical adaptation o Aladdin. Ashman haed written a 40-page film treatment remainin faithful tae the plot an characters o the original story, but envisioned as a campy 1930s-style musical wi a Cab Calloway/Fats Waller-lik Genie.<ref name="Rhodes">{{cite news| title=What Would Walt Say? : The credits read Disney, but 'Aladdin' is a brand-new 'toon, an irreverent high-stakes gamble that veers sharply from tradition | url=http://articles.latimes.com/1992-11-08/entertainment/ca-4_1_walt-disney-studios | last=Rhodes | first=Joe | newspaper=''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' | date=November 8, 1992 | accessdate=July 11, 2015}}</ref> Alangside pairtner Alan Menken, Ashman conceived several sangs an eikit Aladdin's friends named Babkak, Omar, an Kasim tae the story.<ref name="Mouseunderglass">{{cite book |last=Koeing |first=David |title=Mouse Under Glass: Secrets of Disney Animation & Theme Parks |location=[[Irvine, California]] |publisher=Bonadventure Press |pages=216–26 |isbn=978-0964060517 |date=January 28, 2001 }}<!--|accessdate=Julie 11, 2015--></ref><ref name="time" /> Hooanever, the studio wis dismissive o Ashman's treatment an removed the project frae development in which Ashman an Menken war later recruited tae compone songs for ''[[Beauty and the Beast (1991 film)|Beauty an the Beast]]''.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-11-25/features/1992330079_1_alan-menken-ashman-howard | title=Ashman's words were music to his ears | last=Hunter | first=Stephen | newspaper=''[[The Baltimore Sun]]'' | date=November 25, 1992 | accessdate=July 11, 2015 | archive-date=2017-08-01 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801234847/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-11-25/features/1992330079_1_alan-menken-ashman-howard | url-status=dead }}</ref> Linda Woolverton, wha haed worked on ''Beauty an the Beast'' an aw, uised thair treatment an developit a draft wi inspired elements frae ''The Thief o Bagdad'' sic as a villain named Jaf'far, an aged sidekick retired human thief named Abu, an a human handmaiden for the princess.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://howardashman.com/blog/john-musker-question-countdown-number-9/ | title=John Musker Question Countdown – Number 9 | date=February 21, 2012 | accessdate=July 11, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://animatedviews.com/2005/aladdin-crew-reunion/|first=Christian|last=Ziebarth|title=Aladdin: Crew Reunion|publisher=Animated Views|date=April 23, 2005|accessdate=May 31, 2009}}</ref> Then, directors John Musker an Ron Clements jynt the production, picking ''Aladdin'' oot o three projects affered, which included an adaptation o ''[[Swan Lake]]'' an ''King o the Jungle'' – that eventually became ''[[The Lion King]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://animationpodcast.com/ronandjohn-part-three/|title=Show 009 – Ron and John, Part Three|publisher=The Animation Podcast|date=November 1, 2005|accessdate=May 31, 2009|archive-date=2010-03-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100309041355/http://animationpodcast.com/ronandjohn-part-three/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Afore Ashman's daith in Mairch 1991, Ashman an Menken haed componed "Prince Ali" an his last song, "Humiliate the Boy".<ref>{{cite news | title=Lyricist's life ended on poignant note | url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1991-11-22/entertainment/1991326070_1_alan-menken-ashman-song-we-wrote | work=Los Angeles Daily News | publisher=Baltimore Sun | date=November 22, 1991 | accessdate=July 11, 2015 | archive-date=2017-11-07 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107233721/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1991-11-22/entertainment/1991326070_1_alan-menken-ashman-song-we-wrote | url-status=dead }}</ref> Musker an Clements wrate a draft o the screenplay, an then delivered a storie reel tae studio chief [[Jeffrey Katzenberg]] in Apryle 1991.<ref name="time" /> Katzenberg thocht the script didnae engage, an on a day kent bi the staff as "Black Friday", demaunded that the entire storie be rewrate athoot reschedulin the film's November 25, 1992 release date.<ref>{{cite video | people = John Musker, Ron Clements, Eric Goldberg, Amy Pell, Ed Gombert, Terry Rossio, Ted Elliot | title = Reflections On Black Friday | medium = DVD | publisher = Walt Disney Home Video |date = 2004}}</ref> Amang the changes Katzenberg requested frae Clements an Musker war tae nae be dependent on Ashman's vision,<ref name="Mouseunderglass" /> an the remuival o Aladdin's mither, remarkin, "''eighty-six'' the mither. The maw's a zero."<ref>{{cite news| title=Retread country | last=Steyn | first=Mark | newspaper=[[The Spectator]] | url=http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/18th-october-1997/76/cinema | date=October 17, 1997 | accessdate=July 11, 2015}}</ref> Screenscreivin duo Ted Elliott an Terry Rossio war brocht in tae rewark the storie,<ref name="time" /> an the changes thay med included the remuival o Aladdin's mither, the strenthenin o the character o Princess Jasmine, an the deletion o a wheen o the Ashman-Menken songs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/article/1992/12/04/unsung-aladdin-songs|title=Unsung ''Aladdin'' songs | last=Daly | first=Steve | publisher=''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' | date=December 4, 1992 | accessdate=July 11, 2015}}</ref> Aladdin's personalitie wis rewritten tae be "a wee bit rucher, like a young [[Harrison Ford]],"<ref name="time" /><ref name="ultimate">{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdizzy.com/aladdin.html|title=Aladdin DVzsxD review|publisher=DVDizzy.com|accessdate=March 20, 2007 }}</ref> an the papingoe Iago, wha was originallie a stiff Inglis archetype, wis rewirked intae a comic rôle efter the filmmakars saw [[Gilbert Gottfried]] in ''Beverly Hills Cop II''. Gottfried wis cast tae gie Iago's his vyce.<ref>{{cite video | people = John Musker, Ron Clements | title = Aladdin: Platinum Edition (Disc 2) | medium = DVD | publisher = Walt Disney Home Video |date = 2004}}</ref> Bi October 1991, Katzenberg wis blythe wi the new version o ''Aladdin''.<ref name="Rhodes" /> As wi Woolverton's screenplay, a wheen o characters an plot elements are based on the 1940 version o ''The Thief o Bagdad'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fosteronfilm.com/fantasy/thiefbagdad.htm|title=Fantasy: The Thief of Bagdad|publisher=Foster On Film|accessdate=May 31, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Visions of the East|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q2_E_gl9BbYC|author=Bernstein, Matthew |author2= Studlar, Gaylyn|publisher=I.B.Tauris|year=1997|isbn=978-1-86064-305-7}}</ref> the location o the film wis changed frae Baghdad, Iraq, tae the fictional [[Arabian Peninsula|Arabian]] citie o Agrabah.<ref>{{cite web|last=Johnson|first=Zach|title=Disney Myths Debunked by Ron Clements and John Musker, Directors of The Little Mermaid, Aladdin and Hercules|url=http://www.eonline.com/uk/news/706239/disney-myths-debunked-by-ron-clements-and-john-musker-directors-of-the-little-mermaid-aladdin-and-hercules|publisher=''Entertainment Weekly''|date=October 15, 2015|accessdate=December 19, 2015}}</ref> ===Design an animation=== Ane o the first issues that the animators faced durin production wis the depiction o Aladdin himsel.<ref name="thomas">Thomas, Bob: "Chapter 9: A New Tradition", pages 133–135. ''Disney's Art of Animation: From Mickey Mouse to Hercules'', 1997</ref> Director an producer John Musker explains: {{cquote|In early screenings, we played with him being a little bit younger, and he had a mother in the story. [...] In design he became more athletic-looking, more filled out, more of a young leading man, more of a teen-hunk version than before.<ref name=thomas />}} He wis first gaun tae be 13 year old, but later becam 18.<ref name="thomas" /> Aladdin wis ettled bi a team led bi supervisin animator Glen Keane, an wis original made tae resemmle actor Michael J. Fox. Durin production, it wis decidit that the design wis too laddish an wisna "appealing enouch", sae the character wis redrawn tae add airts derived frae actor [[Tom Cruise]] an Calvin Klein models.<ref name="ew" /> The design for maist characters wis based on the wark o caricaturist Al Hirschfeld,<ref name="diamond" /> whilk production designer Richard Vander Wende said wis appropriate tae the theme, due tae similarities tae the swooping lines o Persian miniatures an Arabic calligraphy.<ref name="making">{{cite book|title=Disney's Aladdin The Making Of An Animated Film|last=Culhane|first=John|date=August 15, 1993|publisher=Disney Editions|isbn=978-1-56282-757-1}}</ref> Jafar's design wis nae based on Hirschfeld's work acause Jafar's supervising animator, Andreas Deja, wanted the character tae be contrastin.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tech.mit.edu/V112/N64/aladdin.64a.html|title=Aladdin animator used subtlety to design strong villain|date=November 20, 1992|publisher=[[The Tech (newspaper)|The Tech]]}}</ref> Each character wis animated alone, wi the animators consulting ilk ither tae mak scenes wi interrelatin characters. Syne Aladdin's animator Glen Keane wis wirkin in the California branch o Walt Disney Feature Animation, an Jasmine's animator Mark Henn wis in the Florida ane at Disney-MGM Studios, thay haed tae frequently phone, fax or send designs an discs tae ilk ither.<ref name=makin/> Animator Randy Cartwright describit wirkin on the Magic Carpet as challengin, syne it is anly a rectangular shape, wha expresses himsel throu pantomime – "It's sort o like actin bi [[origami]]".<ref name=makin/> Cartwright kept foldin a piece o cloth while animatin tae see hou tae position the cairpet.<ref name=makin/> Efter the character animation wis done, the cairpet's surface design wis applee'd digital-like.<ref name=diamond/> Fur the scenery design, layoot supervisor Rasoul Azadani teuk mony pictures o his hametoon o [[Isfahan]], Iran for guidal.<ref name=popup/> Ither inspirations for design war Disney's animated films frae the 1940s an 50s an the 1940 film ''The Thief of Bagdad''.<ref name=makin/> The colouring wis done wi the Computer Animation Production System, an the colour motifs war chose accordin tae the personalitie – the protagonists uise licht colours sic as blue, the antagonists darker yins sic as reid an black, an Agrabah an its pailace uise the neutral colour yellae.<ref name=popup/><ref name=diamond/> Computer animation wis uised for some elements o the film, sic as the tiger entrance o the Cave o Wonders an the scene whaur Aladdin tries tae escape the collapsing cave.<ref name="diamond">{{cite video|location=''Aladdin'' Platinum Edition, Disc 2|title=Diamond in the Rough: The Making of Aladdin|medium=DVD|publisher=Walt Disney Home Video|date=2004}}</ref> Musker an Clements creatit the Genie wi Robin Williams in mind; even tho Katzenberg suggestit actors sic as John Candy, [[Steve Martin]], an [[Eddie Murphy]], Williams wis approached an eventually acceptit the role. Williams came for vyce recording sessions during breaks in the shooting o twa ither films he wis starring in at the time, ''Hook'' an ''Toys''. Unusual fur an animated film, a gey bit o Williams' dialogue wis mad up on the spot: for some scenes, Williams wis gien topics an diallog suggests, but alloued tae improvise his lines.<ref name="diamond" /> It wis estimatit thit Williams improvised 52 characters.<ref>{{cite video | people = James Lipton (host) |date = 2001 | title = Inside the Actors Studio: Robin Williams | medium = Documentary | publisher = Bravo}}</ref> Eric Goldberg, the supervisin animator for the Genie, then reviewed Williams' recorded diallog an selected the best gags an lines that his crew wad creaut character animation tae match.<ref name="diamond"/> The producers eikit mony in-jokes an references tae Disney's previous warks in the film, sic as a "cameo appearance" frae directors Clements an Musker an drawing some characters based on Disney workers.<ref name="comm1">[[Ron Clements]], [[John Musker]], Amy Pell.''Aladdin'' [[audio commentary]] – ''The Filmmaker's''</ref> Beast, Sebastian frae ''[[The Little Mermaid (1989 film)|The Little Mermaid]]'', an Pinocchio mak brief appearances,<ref name="popup">{{cite video|title=Pop Up Fun Facts|location=''Aladdin'' Platinum Edition Disc 1|medium=DVD|date=2004|publisher=Walt Disney Home Video}}</ref> an the wardrobe o the Genie at the end o the film—[[Goofy]] hat, Hawaiian sark, an sandals—are a reference tae a cutty film that Robin Williams did fur the Disney-MGM Studios tour in the late 1980s.<ref name="comm1"/> ===Robin Williams' conflichts wi the studio=== In gratitude for his success wi Touchstone Pictures' ''[[Good Morning, Vietnam]]'', Robin Williams voiced the Genie for [[Screen Actors Guild|SAG]] scale pey ($75,000) insteid o his asking fee o $8 milȝeoun, on condeetion that his name or image widna be uised for marketing, an his (supporting) character nae tak mair nor 25% o space on advertising artwork, syne Williams' film ''Toys'' wis scheduled for release ane month efter ''Aladdin''{{'}}s debut. For financial reasons, the studio went back on the deal on baith counts, especially in poster airt bi haein the Genie in 25% o the image, but haein ither major an supporting characters portrayed considerably smawer. The Disney Hyperion beuk ''Aladdin: The Making o an Animated Film'' listed baith o Williams' characters "The Peddler" an "The Genie" ahead o main characters, but wis forced tae refer tae him anly as "the actor signed tae play the Genie".<ref name="ew">{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,312562,00.html |title=Disney's Got A Brand-New Baghdad 1 |work=Entertainment Weekly |date=September 4, 1992 |accessdate=March 16, 2007 |first=Steve |last=Daly |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110806042954/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C312562%2C00.html |archivedate=August 6, 2011 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,312562_2,00.html |title=Disney's Got A Brand-New Baghdad 2 |work=Entertainment Weekly |date=September 4, 1992 |accessdate=March 16, 2007 |first=Steve |last=Daly |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025122146/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C312562_2%2C00.html |archivedate=October 25, 2012 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,312562_3,00.html |title=Disney's Got A Brand-New Baghdad 3 |work=Entertainment Weekly |date=September 4, 1992 |accessdate=March 16, 2007 |first=Steve |last=Daly |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025122132/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C312562_3%2C00.html |archivedate=October 25, 2012 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> Disney, while nae uisin Williams’ name in commercials as per the contract, uised his vyce for the Genie in the commercials an uised the Genie character tae sell toys an fast fuid tie-ins, athoot haein tae pey Williams additional money; Williams unhappily quipped at the time “The anly reason Mickey Mouse haes three fingers is acause he can’t pick up a check.” Disney attempted tae assuage Williams bi sending him a [[Pablo Picasso]] pentin worth mair nor $1 milȝeoun at the time, but this muive failed tae repair the damaged relationship, as the pentin wis a self-portrait o the airtist as Vincent van Gogh which apparently really "clashed" wi the Williams' wilder hame decor.<ref>[http://www.businessinsider.com/robin-williams-disney-feud-picasso-gift-2014-11]</ref> Williams refused tae sign on for Aladdin 2, sae it wis [[Dan Castellaneta]] that voiced the Genie. When [[Jeffrey Katzenberg]] wis replaced bi Joe Roth as Walt Disney Studios chairman, Roth gied a public apology tae Williams.<ref>[http://www.cbr.com/movie-legends-revealed-robin-williams-split-with-disney-over-aladdin-poster/]</ref> ===Music=== Composer Alan Menken an songwriters Howard Ashman an Tim Rice war praised for creautin a soundtrack that is "consistently guid, rivaling the best o Disney's ither animated musicals from the '90s."<ref>{{cite web|url={{Allmusic|class=album|id=r110157|pure_url=yes}}|title=Aladdin soundtrack review|publisher=Allmusic|author=Phares, Heather|accessdate=Mairch 18, 2007}}</ref> Menken an Ashman began work on the film thegither, wi Rice takkin ower as lyricist efter Ashman died o AIDS-relatit complications in early 1991.<ref>{{Cite video|location=''Aladdin'' Platinum Edition, Disc 2|title=Alan Menken: Musical Renaissance Man|medium=DVD|date=2004|publisher=Walt Disney Home Video}}</ref> Awtho fourteen songs war written for ''Aladdin'', anly sax are featurt in the movie, three bi each lyricist.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,312563,00.html |title=Unsettled score |work=Entertainment Weekly |author=Daly, Steve |date=December 4, 1992 |accessdate=June 12, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110806042928/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C312563%2C00.html |archivedate=August 6, 2011 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> The DVD Special Edition released in 2004 includes fower songs in early animations tests, an a music video o ane, "Proud o yer Boy", performed bi Clay Aiken,<ref name="ign">{{cite web|url=http://dvd.ign.com/articles/549/549036p1.html|title=Aladdin: Ultimate DVD review|publisher=IGN|date=September 17, 2004|accessdate=March 16, 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070312234759/http://dvd.ign.com/articles/549/549036p1.html| archivedate= March 12, 2007 | deadurl= no}}</ref> which appears on the album ''DisneyMania 3'' an aw.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://disneymusic.disney.go.com/albums/disneymania3.html|title=DisneyMania 3|publisher=Disney|accessdate=May 25, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090519070127/http://disneymusic.disney.go.com/albums/disneymania3.html|archivedate=May 19, 2009|deadurl=no}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090519070127/http://disneymusic.disney.go.com/albums/disneymania3.html |date=2009-05-19 }}</ref> ==Themes== The filmmakers thocht the moral message o the original tale wis nae appropriate, an decidit tae "put a spin on it", bi makin the fulfillment o wishes seem lik a guid hing, but eventually acomin a problem.<ref name="making"/> Anither major theme wis avoiding an attempt tae be what the person is nae – baith Aladdin an Jasmine get intae trouble faking tae be different fowk,<ref name=popup/> an the Prince Ali persona fails tae impress Jasmine, wha anly faws for Aladdin whan she finds oot wha he truly is.<ref>{{cite book|title=[[Disney A to Z: The Official Encyclopedia]]|author=Smith, Dave | authorlink = Dave Smith (archivist) |publisher=Disney Editions|date=August 15, 1996|isbn=978-0-7868-6223-8}}</ref> Bein "imprisoned" is discussed, a fate that occurs tae maist o the characters – Aladdin an Jasmine are stuck tae thair lifestyles, Genie is attached tae his lamp an Jafar, tae the Sultan – an is represented visually bi the prison-lik walls an bars o the Agrabah pailace, an the scene involvin caged birds which Jasmine later frees.<ref name=popup/> Jasmine is depicted as a different Disney Princess, bein rebellious tae the ryal life an the social structur,<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AKd6mZSGsVUC&pg=PA276&lpg=PA276|title=The Arabian Nights reader|first=Ulrich|last=Marzolph|publisher=Wayne State University Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-8143-3259-7}}</ref> an tryin tae mak her ain wey, unlik the princesses wha juist wait for rescue.<ref name=makin/> ==Release an reception== ===Theatrical run=== A lairge promotion campaign preceded ''Aladdin''{{'}}s debut in theaters, wi the film's trailer bein attached tae maist Disney VHS releases, an numerous tie-ins an licensees bein released.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,305817,00.html |title=Arabian Sheikdown |author=Daly, Steve |author2=Ascher-Walsh, Rebecca |work=Entertainment Weekly |date=March 12, 1993 |accessdate=August 30, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091218052528/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C305817%2C00.html |archivedate=December 18, 2009 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> Efter a leemitit release on November 13, 1992,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/chart/?yr=1992&wknd=46&p=.htm|title=Weekend Box Office Results for November 13–15, 1992|publisher=Box Office Mojo|accessdate=May 26, 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090603094552/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/chart/?yr=1992&wknd=46&p=.htm| archivedate= June 3, 2009 | deadurl= no}}</ref> ''Aladdin'' debuted in 1,131 theaters on November 25, 1992, grossing $19.2 milȝeoun in its openin weekend – nummer twa at the box affice, behind ''Home Alone 2: Lost in New York''.<ref name="Opening BOM">{{cite news|url=http://variety.com/1992/film/news/holiday-b-o-gobbles-up-big-bucks-101610/ |title=Holiday B.O. gobbles up big bucks|work=Variety |date=November 30, 1992|last=Natale|first=Richard|accessdate=June 12, 2009}}</ref> It teuk aicht weeks for the film tae reach nummer ane at the US box affice, breaking the record for the week atween Christmas an New Year's Eve wi $32.2 milȝeoun.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1993-01-26/entertainment/ca-2081_1_weekend-box-office|title='Aladdin' Finally Hits No. 1 and a Record in Sales Too|work=Los Angeles Times|last=Fox|first=David J.|date=January 26, 1993|accessdate=June 12, 2009}}</ref> The film held the tap spot five times during its 22-week run.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=weekend&id=aladdin.htm|title=Aladdin (1992) – Weekend Box Office Results|publisher=Box Office Mojo|accessdate=June 12, 2009}}</ref> ''Aladdin'' wis the maist successfu film o 1992 grossing $217 milȝeoun in the United States an ower $504 milȝeoun warldwide.<ref name="boxoffice"/> It wis the biggest gross for an animated film until ''[[The Lion King]]'' twa years later, an wis the first full-length animated film tae gross $200 milȝeoun in North Americae.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=lionking.htm|title=The Lion King (1994)|publisher=Box Office Mojo|accessdate=May 25, 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090517125117/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=lionking.htm| archivedate= May 17, 2009 | deadurl= no}}</ref> As o Januar 2014, it is the thirtieth highest grossing animated film an the third highest grossing tradeetionally animated feature warldwide, behind ''[[The Lion King]]'' an ''The Simpsons Movie''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=simpsons.htm|title=The Simpsons Movie (2007)|publisher=Box Office Mojo|accessdate=May 25, 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090617051954/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=simpsons.htm| archivedate= June 17, 2009 | deadurl= no}}</ref> It sauld an estimatit 52,442,300 tickets in the US.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=aladdin.htm&adjust_yr=1&p=.htm|title=Aladdin (1992)|publisher=Box Office Mojo|accessdate=May 30, 2016}}</ref> ===Critical reception=== [[File:Chuck Jones2 (cropped).jpg|150px|thumb|Warner Bros. Cartoons animator Chuck Jones cried ''Aladdin'', "the funniest feature ever made."<ref name="time">{{cite news|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,158290,00.html|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|title=Aladdin's Magic| author = Richard Corliss |author2= Patrick E. Cole|author3= Martha Smilgis | authorlink = Richard Corliss | date=November 9, 1992|accessdate=March 16, 2007 | quote = Chuck Jones' verdict is judicious: Aladdin is "the funniest feature ever made." It's a movie for adults – if they can keep up with its careering pace – and, yes, you can take the kids. It juggles a '90s impudence with the old Disney swank and heart. }}</ref>]] The review aggregator wabsteid [[Rotten Tomatoes]] reportit that 94% o critics gae the film a guid review based on a sample o 68 reviews, wi an average score o 8.1/10.<ref name="RTfresh">{{cite web | url= http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1042582-aladdin/ | title=Aladdin at Rottentomatoes.com | publisher=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] | accessdate=March 23, 2012 }}</ref> Most critics' praise went tae Robin Williams' performance as Genie,<ref name="RTfresh" /> wi Janet Maslin o ''[[The New York Times]]'' declaring that childer "needn't know precisely what Mr. Williams is evoking tae understand hou funny he is".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9E0CE7DC1138F932A25752C1A964958260|title=Disney Puts Its Magic Touch on 'Aladdin'|work=The New York Times|first=Janet|last=Maslin | authorlink = Janet Maslin | date=November 11, 1992|accessdate=June 12, 2009 }}</ref> Warner Bros. Cartoons director Chuck Jones even cried the film "the funniest feature ever made."<ref name="time"/> Furthermair, Inglis-Erse comedian Spike Milligan considered it tae be the greatest film o aw time.<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0589711/bio?ref_=nm_dyk_trv_sm#trivia | title = Spike Milligan - Biography - IMDb}}</ref> James Berardinelli gae it 3.5 oot o 4 stars, praising the "crisp visuals an wonderful song-and-dance numbers".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reelviews.net/reelviews/aladdin|title=Aladdin|author= Berardinelli, James | authorlink = James Berardinelli |publisher=Reelviews|year=1992|accessdate=May 26, 2009 }}</ref> Peter Travers o ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' said the comedy made the film accessible tae baith childer an adults,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/movie/5947957/review/5947958/aladdin|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080618163432/http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/movie/5947957/review/5947958/aladdin|archivedate=June 18, 2008|title=Aladdin|author=Travers, Peter | authorlink = Peter Travers |journal=[[Rolling Stone]]|issue=644|date=November 1992|accessdate=May 26, 2009 }}</ref> a vision shared wi Desson Howe o ''[[The Washington Post]]'', wha said "kids are still going tae be entranced bi the magic an adventure."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/aladdinghowe_a0af3c.htm|title='Aladdin'|first=Desson|last=Howe|work=The Washington Post|date=November 27, 1992|accessdate=May 26, 2009 }}</ref> Brian Lowry o ''Variety'' praised the cast o characters, describing the expressive magic cairpet as "its most remarkable accomplishment" an considered that "''Aladdin'' overcomes most story flaws thanks to sheer technical virtuosity".<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117900071.html?categoryid=31&cs=1 |title=Aladdin|work=Variety |first=Brian|last=Lowry |date=November 4, 1992 |accessdate=May 26, 2009 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090602052954/http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117900071.html?categoryid=31&cs=1| archivedate= June 2, 2009 | deadurl= no}}</ref> Some aspects o the film war criticised. Ed Gonzalez o ''Slant Magazine'' wrate a negative review, describing the film as racist, ridiculous, an a "narcissistic circus act" frae Robin Williams.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.slantmagazine.com/film/review/aladdin | title=Aladdin | work=[[Slant Magazine]] | date=September 23, 2004 | accessdate=June 16, 2015 | author=Gonzalez, Ed}}</ref> [[Roger Ebert]], wha generally praised the film in his review, considered the music inferior tae its predecessors ''The Little Mermaid'' an ''Beauty an the Beast'', an claimed Aladdin an Jasmine war "pale an routine." He criticised what he saw as the film's uise o ethnic stereotypes, writing: "Most of the Arab characters have exaggerated facial characteristics - hooked noses, glowering brows, thick lips - but Aladdin and the princess look like white American teenagers."<ref>{{cite news|author=Ebert, Roger | authorlink = Roger Ebert |url=http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/aladdin-1992| title=Aladdin review|date=November 25, 1992|accessdate=March 17, 2007 |work=Chicago Sun-Times }}</ref> ===Awairds=== ''Aladdin'' received mony award nominations, maistlins for its music. It won twa [[Academy Award]]s, Best Music, Original Score an Best Music, Original Song for "''A Whole New World''" an receiving nominations for Best Sang ("Friend Like Me"), Best Sound Editing (Mark A. Mangini), an Best Sound (Terry Porter, Mel Metcalfe, David J. Hudson an Doc Kane).<ref name="Oscars1993">{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1993 |title=The 65th Academy Awards (1993) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=October 22, 2011|work=oscars.org}}</ref> At the Golden Globes, ''Aladdin'' won Best Original Song ("A Whole New World") an Best Original Score, as well as a Special Achievement Award for Robin Williams, wi a nomination for Best Motion Picture&nbsp;– Musical or Comedy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goldenglobes.org/browse/film/23558|title=SEARCH&nbsp;– Aladdin|publisher=[[Hollywood Foreign Press Association]]|accessdate=May 25, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100713032324/http://www.goldenglobes.org/browse/film/23558|archivedate=July 13, 2010}}</ref> Ither awairds included the Annie Award for Best Animated Feature,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://annieawards.org/21stwinners.html |title=Legacy: 21st Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (1993) |publisher=Annie Awards |accessdate=May 25, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425215012/http://annieawards.org/21stwinners.html |archivedate=April 25, 2009 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy }}</ref> a MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance tae Robin Williams,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/movieawards/1993/|title=1993 MTV Movie Awards|publisher=MTV|accessdate=May 25, 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080423094756/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/movieawards/1993/| archivedate= April 23, 2008 | deadurl= no}}</ref> Saturn Awards fur Best Fantasy Film, Performance by a Young Actor tae Scott Weinger an Supporting Actor tae Robin Williams,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saturnawards.org/past.html |title=Past Saturn Award Winners |publisher=Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films |accessdate=May 25, 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511180136/http://www.saturnawards.org/past.html |archivedate=May 11, 2008 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906130320/http://www.saturnawards.org/past.html |date=2014-09-06 }}</ref> the Best Animated Feature bi the Los Angeles Film Critics Association,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lafca.net/years/1992.html|title=18TH Annual Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards|publisher=LAFCA|accessdate=May 25, 2009|archive-date=2016-03-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316102754/http://www.lafca.net/years/1992.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> an fower [[Grammy Award]]s, Best Soundtrack Album, an Song of the Year, Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal an Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media for "''A Whole New World''".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/02/movies/top-grammy-to-houston-5-for-aladdin.html|title=Top Grammy to Houston; 5 for 'Aladdin'|first=Jon|last=Pareles|date=March 2, 1994|work=The New York Times|accessdate=May 25, 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090602224016/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/02/movies/top-grammy-to-houston-5-for-aladdin.html| archivedate= June 2, 2009 | deadurl= no}}</ref> The film is recognised bi American Film Institute in thir lists: 2004: AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs: Friend like me - Nominated. A whole new world - Nominated. ===Hame media {{anchor|DVD}}=== The film wis first released in VHS on October 1, 1993, as pairt o the "Walt Disney Classics" line. In its first week, ''Aladdin'' sauld ower 10.6&nbsp;milȝeoun copies,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,308423,00.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425210651/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C308423%2C00.html |archivedate=April 25, 2009 |title=Arabian Might |work=Entertainment Weekly |date=October 15, 1993 |accessdate=May 25, 2009 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> an went on tae sell ower 25&nbsp;milȝeoun in tot (a record anly broken bi the later release o ''The Lion King'').<ref>{{cite web|url=http://movieweb.com/disney-rubs-aladdins-lamp/|title=Disney Rubs Aladdin's Lamp|publisher=Movie Web|accessdate=March 20, 2007}}</ref> This VHS edition entered moratorium on Apryle 30, 1994.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/20/arts/home-video-149802.html|title=Home Video|work=The New York Times|date=May 20, 1994|accessdate=March 20, 2007 | first=Peter M. | last=Nichols}}</ref> A THX-certified widescreen LaserDisc wis issued in Autumn 1994,<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TAgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=RA1-PA60&lpg=RA1-PA60&dq=aladdin+laserdisc+1994&source=bl&ots=eHM4OjcTuG&sig=XU1XZH8-nv6gT6dfedeb2BmwoYY&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjEtqfjoo7SAhUB34MKHWqHDkc4ChDoAQgeMAE#v=onepage&q=aladdin%20laserdisc%201994&f=false|title=Billboard|last=Nielsen Business Media, Inc|first=|date=1994-05-21|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=|language=en|quote=|via=}}</ref> an a Spaingie-dubbed VHS for the American mercat wis released on Apryle 14, 1995.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/HISTORIC+SPANISH-LANGUAGE+DEBUT;+DISNEY'S+'SNOW+WHITE'+AND+'ALADDIN'...-a016806752|title=HISTORIC SPANISH-LANGUAGE DEBUT; DISNEY'S 'SNOW WHITE' AND 'ALADDIN' PLUS FIVE ADDITIONAL HITS COME TO HOME VIDEO BEGINNING APRIL 14 - Free Online Library|website=www.thefreelibrary.com|access-date=2017-02-14}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> On October 5, 2004, ''Aladdin'' wis released on DVD, as pairt o Disney's Platinum Edition line. The DVD release featurt retouched an cleaned-up animation, prepared fur ''Aladdin's'' planned but ultimately cancelled [[IMAX]] reissue in 2003,<ref>{{cite web|url= http://jimhillmedia.com/editor_in_chief1/b/jim_hill/archive/2004/10/12/478.aspx|title= "Aladdin" Platinum Edition sets the gold standard for Disney DVD|author= Hill, Jim|date= October 12, 2004|accessdate= April 5, 2007|archive-date= 2009-07-25|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090725154432/http://jimhillmedia.com/blogs/jim_hill/archive/2004/10/11/478.aspx|url-status= dead}}</ref> an a seicont disc wi bonus features. Accompanied bi a $19 milȝeoun marketing campaign,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001011344 |title=Best sellers |first=Thomas K. |last=Arnold |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=August 9, 2005 |accessdate=May 27, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602063539/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001011344 |archivedate=June 2, 2009 |deadurl=no |df=mdy }}</ref> the DVD sauld aroon 3&nbsp;milȝeoun units in its first month, but it wis less nor the nummer o copies, sauld in that amount o time, bi ony ither ''Platinum Edition'' released aforehaund.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.homemediamagazine.com/news/dvd-player-penetration-drives-october-sales-growth-6917|title=DVD Player Penetration Drives October Sales Growth|author=McCourt, Judith |date=December 2, 2004|accessdate=September 19, 2007}}</ref> The film's soundtrack wis available in its original Dolby 5.1 track or in a new Disney Enhanced Home Theater Mix.<ref name="ign" /> The DVD went intae moratorium in Januar 2008, alang wi its sequels.<ref>{{cite web | work=DVDizzy.com | title=Out of Print Disney DVDs|url=http://www.dvdizzy.com/disneyvault.html| accessdate=September 24, 2006}}</ref> Accordin tae an insert in the ''Lady an the Tramp'' Diamond Edition release case, ''Aladdin'' wis gart tae be released on [[Blu-ray Disc]] as a Diamond Edition in Spring 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=8139|title=Disney Teases 2012 Blu-ray Slate|work=Blu-ray.com}}</ref> Insteid, ''[[Peter Pan (1953 film)|Peter Pan]]'' wis released on Blu-ray as a Diamond Edition on Februar 5, 2013 tae celebrate its 60t anniversar.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.insidethemagic.net/2013/02/review-peter-pan-diamond-edition-blu-ray-soars-with-outstanding-nine-old-men-bonus-feature-gorgeous-digital-restoration/ |title=Review: "Peter Pan" Diamond Edition Blu-ray soars with outstanding "Nine Old Men" bonus feature, gorgeous digital restoration |quote=Celebrating its 60th anniversary, Disney has released the timeless classic animated film “Peter Pan” onto Blu-ray for the first time with an impressive trip to Neverland given “Diamond Edition” treatment.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Peter-Pan-Blu-ray/55001/#Review |title=Peter Pan Blu-ray Review |quote=Pardon the nostalgic digression, but Walt Disney's fourteenth animated feature, now celebrating its 60th anniversary, has the look and whimsy of a much younger production.}}</ref> A non-Diamond Edition Blu-ray wis released in a few select European kintras in Mairch 2013. The Belgian edition (released athoot adverts) comes as a 1-disc version wi its extras pit ower frae the Platinum Edition DVD. The same disc wis released in the United Kinrick on Apryle 14, 2013.<ref>{{cite web|title=Aladdin Blu-ray|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Aladdin-Blu-ray/37383/|accessdate=December 24, 2013}}</ref> Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released the film on a Diamond Edition Blu-ray on October 13, 2015. The film wis released on Digital HD on September 29, 2015.<ref>{{cite web|title=Disney's 'Aladdin' Never Looked Better Than in This 'Diamond Edition' Trailer (EXCLUSIVE)|url=http://news.moviefone.com/2015/02/05/disneys-aladdin-diamond-edition-blu-ray-digital/|accessdate=February 7, 2015|archive-date=2015-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207064049/http://news.moviefone.com/2015/02/05/disneys-aladdin-diamond-edition-blu-ray-digital|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pre-Order Disney's ALADDIN Diamond Edition Blu-ray & DVD, Set To Be Released 10/13|url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Pre-Order-Disneys-ALADDIN-Diamond-Edition-Blu-ray-DVD-Set-To-Be-Released-1013-20150608|accessdate=June 8, 2015|archive-date=2015-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150612020831/http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Pre-Order-Disneys-ALADDIN-Diamond-Edition-Blu-ray-DVD-Set-To-Be-Released-1013-20150608|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title='Aladdin' Trailer Offers Peek at New Robin Williams Outtakes as Genie|url=https://www.yahoo.com/movies/aladdin-trailer-offers-peek-at-new-robin-129290396592.html|accessdate=September 29, 2015}}</ref> Upon its first week o release on hame media in the U.S., the film tapped the Blu-ray Disc sales chart an debuted at nummer 2 at the Nielsen VideoScan First Alert chart, which tracks oweraw disc sales behind the disaster film ''San Andreas''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://variety.com/2015/film/news/san-andreas-shakes-up-dvd-blu-ray-disc-sales-charts-1201623841/|title=‘San Andreas’ Shakes Up DVD, Blu-ray Disc Sales Charts|author=Thomas K. Arnold|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=October 22, 2015|accessdate=October 22, 2015}}</ref> ===Controversies=== Ane o the verses o the openin sang "Arabian Nichts" wis altered follaein protests frae the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC). The lyrics war changed in Julie 1993 frae ''"Where they cut aff yer ear if they dinnae like yer face,"'' in the original release tae ''"Where it's flat an immense an the heat is intense."'' The chynge first appeared on the 1993 video release.<ref name="adc">{{cite web|url=http://www.adc.org/index.php?id=283|title=Arab Stereotypes and American Educators|publisher=[[American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee]]|accessdate=March 16, 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070405005650/http://www.adc.org/index.php?id=283| archivedate= April 5, 2007 | deadurl= no}}</ref> The original lyric wis intact on the initial CD soundtrack release, but the re-release uses the edited lyric. The rerecording haes the original vyce on aw ither lines an then a noticeably deeper vyce says the edited line. The Broadway adaptation uses the edited line.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://adamjacobs.net/aladdin-gets-big-changes-broadway-debut/|title=Aladdin gets big changes for Broadway debut|first=Gregory|last=Miller|publisher=New York Post|date=2014-03-09|accessdate=2016-05-08}}</ref> ''Entertainment Weekly'' ranked ''Aladdin'' in a leet o the maist controversial films in history, due tae this incident.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,1202224,00.html |title=The 25 Most Controversial Movies Ever |work=Entertainment Weekly |accessdate=March 16, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314000859/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C1202224%2C00.html |archivedate=March 14, 2007 |deadurl=no |df= }}</ref> The ADC complained aboot the portrayal o the lead characters Aladdin an Jasmine. Thay criticised the characters' Englified an pail features, an Inglis-American accents, in contrast tae the ither characters in the film, which are dark-skinned, hae foreign accents an grotesque facial features, an appear villainous or greedy.<ref name="adc" /> Protests war raised tae anither scene. When Aladdin is attacked bi the tiger Rajah on the pailace balcony, Aladdin quietly says a line that some fowk reportit hearing as ''"guid teenagers, take aff yer clothes,"''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.snopes.com/disney/info/aladwsj.htm |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091001072715/http://www.snopes.com/disney/info/aladwsj.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=October 1, 2009 |title=Take Off Your Clothes! |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=October 25, 1995 |accessdate=April 2, 2013 |publisher=[[Snopes]] }}</ref> which thay considered a subliminal reference tae promiscuity. Hooanever, accordin tae the commentary track on the 2004 DVD, while Musker an Clements did admit Scott Weinger mad up on the spot during the scene, thay claimed "we did not record that, we would not record that," an said the line wis ''"guid tiger, take aff an gae..."'' an the wird "tiger" is owerlapped bi Rajah's snarl.<ref>Ron Clements and John Musker, "Filmmaker's Commentary". ''Aladdin: Platinum Edition'' DVD, Disc 1, Bonus Features, Backstage Disney, Walt Disney Home Entertainment.</ref> Efter the wird tiger, a seicont vyce can be heard which haes been suggestit wis accidentally grafted onto the soundtrack. Because o the controversy, Disney removed the line on the DVD release.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.snopes.com/disney/films/aladdin.asp|title=Disney (Take Off Your Clothes!)|publisher=[[Snopes]]|accessdate=March 24, 2007}}. The source compiles and cites four major newspaper references.</ref> Animation enthusiasts hae noticed similarities atween ''Aladdin'' an Richard Williams' unfinished film ''The Thief an the Cobbler'' (kent forby as ''Arabian Knicht'' unner Miramax Films an ''The Princess an the Cobbler'' unner Majestic Films Internaitional). Thir similarities include a seemilar plot, seemilar characters, scenes an background designs, an the antagonist Zig-Zag's resemblance in character design an mannerisms tae Genie an Jafar.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdsnapshot.com/January07Review/ThiefAndCobbler.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216141735/http://www.dvdsnapshot.com/January07Review/ThiefAndCobbler.html|archivedate=December 16, 2008 |title=The Thief and the Cobbler review|publisher=DVD snapshot|author=Savino, Cris}}</ref><ref name="nytimes">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/08/26/movies/film-review-a-late-finisher-about-old-araby.html|title= A Late Finisher About Old Araby |work=The New York Times|date=August 26, 1995 | first=Caryn | last=James}}</ref> Tho ''Aladdin'' wis released prior tae ''The Thief an the Cobbler'', ''The Thief an the Cobbler'' initially began production much earlier in the 1960s, an wis mired in difficulties includin financial problems, copyright issues, story revisions an late production times caused bi separate studios tryin tae finish the film efter Richard Williams wis fired frae the project for lack o finished work.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://movies.tvguide.com/movie-news/Best-Animated-Movie-7953.aspx|title=The Best Animated Movie You've Never Heard Of|publisher=[[TV Guide]]|date=November 28, 2006|accessdate=March 17, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615171326/http://movies.tvguide.com/movie-news/Best-Animated-Movie-7953.aspx|archivedate=June 15, 2012}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615171326/http://movies.tvguide.com/movie-news/Best-Animated-Movie-7953.aspx |date=2012-06-15 }}</ref> The late release, coupled wi Miramax purchasing an re-editing the film, haes whiles resulted in ''The Thief an the Cobbler'' bein labeled a rip-aff o ''Aladdin''.<ref name="nytimes" /> ==Live-action adaptations== * On Julie 15, 2015, the studio stairtit developin a live-action comedy adventure prequel cried ''Genies''. The film is bein written bi Damian Shannon an Mark Swift, while [[Tripp Vinson]] is on buird tae produce via his Vinson Films banner. The film is intendit tae lead intae a live-action ''Aladdin'' movie.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/aladdin-live-action-prequel-works-808895|title='Aladdin' Live-Action Prequel in the Works at Disney (Exclusive)|publisher=The Hollywood Reporter|last=Kit|first=Borys|date=July 15, 2015}}</ref> On November 8, Disney revealed it haed originally planned tae uise Robin Williams' unused lines frae the 1991–92 recording sessions for the film, but his will prohibited the studio frae uisin his likeness for twinty-five years efter his daith.<ref>{{cite news|title=Robin Williams’ will prevents use of outtakes for ‘Aladdin’ sequel|last=Putnam|first=Lindsay|url=http://nypost.com/2015/11/08/robin-williams-will-prevents-use-of-outtakes-for-aladdin-sequel/|newspaper=[[The New York Post]]|date=November 8, 2015|accessdate=November 14, 2015}}</ref> *In October 2016, it wis reportit that Disney wis developin a live-action adaptation o ''Aladdin'' wi Guy Ritchie signed on tae direct the film. John August is writing the script, which will reportedly retain the musical elements o the original film, while Dan Lin is attached as producer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://deadline.com/2016/10/aladdin-guy-ritchie-disney-live-action-film-sherlock-holmes-1201834102/|last=Fleming Jr.|first=Mike|title=Guy Ritchie To Direct Live Action 'Aladdin' For Disney|publisher=[[Deadline.com]]|accessdate=October 10, 2016|date=October 10, 2016}}</ref> Lin revealed that thay are leukin for a diverse cast.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://collider.com/aladdin-live-action-movie-diverse-cast/|title=Disney’s Live-Action ‘Aladdin’ Won’t Be ‘Prince of Persia’, Says Producer; Promises Diverse Cast|publisher=[[Collider.com]]|accessdate=February 8, 2017|date=February 8, 2017}}</ref> In Apryle 2017, [[Will Smith]] entered talks tae play the Genie.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://deadline.com/2017/04/will-smith-genie-role-aladdin-disney-1202072355/|title=Will Smith In Talks For Genie Role In Disney’s Live-Action ‘Aladdin’|publisher=[[Deadline.com]]|accessdate=April 19, 2017|date=April 19, 2017}}</ref> In Mey 2017, [[Little Mix|Jade Thirlwall]] enterted talks tae portray the role o Jasmine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://metro.co.uk/2017/05/22/a-whole-new-world-for-jade-thirlwall-little-mix-star-in-talks-to-play-princess-jasmine-in-aladdin-6652776/|title=A Whole New World for Jade Thirlwall? Little Mix Star in ‘talks’ to play Princess Jasmine in Aladdin|publisher=[[Metro.co.uk]]|accessdate=May 22, 2017|date=May 22, 2017}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist|30em}} ==Freemit airtins== {{wikiquote|Aladdin}} * {{Offeecial wabsteid|http://movies.disney.com/aladdin}} * {{IMDb title|0103639|Aladdin}} * {{Allmovie title|1338|Aladdin}} * {{mojo title|aladdin|Aladdin}} * {{rotten-tomatoes|1042582-aladdin|Aladdin}} * {{bcdb|4-Aladdin|Aladdin}} * [http://toonopedia.com/aladdin.htm Aladdin] in folklore an popular cultur, at [[Don Markstein's Toonopedia]]. [http://www.webcitation.org/6bCRL7uUO?url=http://toonopedia.com/aladdin.htm Archived] frae the original on August 31, 2015. {{Disney theatrical animatit featurs}} {{Walt Disney Animation Studios}} {{Ron Clements an John Musker}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aladdin (1992 Disney film)}} [[Category:1992 animatit films]] [[Category:1990s adventur films]] [[Category:1990s American animatit films]] [[Category:1990s comedy films]] [[Category:1990s fantasie films]] [[Category:1990s muisical films]] [[Category:American animatit fantasie films]] [[Category:American buddy films]] [[Category:American bairns' animatit films]] [[Category:American bairns' fantasie films]] [[Category:American fantasie adventur films]] [[Category:American fantasie-comedy films]] [[Category:American muisical fantasy films]] [[Category:Animatit buddy films]] [[Category:Animatit comedy films]] [[Category:Animatit fantasie films]] [[Category:Animatit featur films]] [[Category:Animatit muisical films]] [[Category:Best Animatit Featur Annie Awaird winners]] [[Category:Cultural depictions o Arnold Schwarzenegger]] [[Category:Cultural depictions o The Marx Brothers]] [[Category:Disney's Aladdin| ]] [[Category:Disney Renaissance]] [[Category:Films aboot wish fulfillment]] [[Category:Films adaptit intae televeesion programmes]] [[Category:Films based on Ane Thoosand an Ane Nichts]] [[Category:Films directit bi John Musker]] [[Category:Films directit bi Ron Clements]] [[Category:Films featurin anthropomorphic chairacters]] [[Category:Films featurin hypnosis]] [[Category:Film scores bi Alan Menken]] [[Category:Films set in a fictional Asian kintra]] [[Category:Films set in the Middle East]] [[Category:Films that wan the Best Oreeginal Score Academy Awaird]] [[Category:Films that wan the Best Oreeginal Sang Academy Awaird]] [[Category:Walt Disney Animation Studios films]] [[Category:Walt Disney Pictures films]] pv544vxxv591wm8hck1gyuxwn60cblf 869891 869890 2022-08-23T12:31:49Z CiphriusKane 74958 Revertit edit o 2A00:23C7:6120:F101:5856:4CB2:7878:3342, chynged back tae last version bi InternetArchiveBot wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots}}{{Infobox film | name = Aladdin | image = Aladdinposter.jpg | caption = Theatrical release poster; airt bi [[John Alvin]] | director = [[Ron Clements]]<br />[[John Musker]] | producer = Ron Clements<br />John Musker | writer = Ron Clements<br />John Musker<br />[[Ted Elliott (screenwriter)|Ted Elliott]]<br />[[Terry Rossio]] | based on = [[Aladdin and the Magic Lamp]] frae ''[[One Thousand and One Nights]]'' | starring = {{plainlist| * [[Scott Weinger]] * [[Robin Williams]] * [[Linda Larkin]] * [[Jonathan Freeman (actor)|Jonathan Freeman]] * [[Frank Welker]] * [[Gilbert Gottfried]] * [[Douglas Seale]]}} | music = [[Alan Menken]] <!-- Do nae add Howard Ashman or Tim Rice, the credit asks for music, nae lyrics --> | editing = Mark A. Hester <br />H. Lee Peterson | studio = Walt Disney Pictures<br/>Walt Disney Feature Animation | distributor = Buena Vista Pictures | released = {{Film date|1992|11|25}}<!-- Do nae add the UK or Australian release date here, please; see WP:FILMRELEASE. --> | runtime = 90 minnets | kintra = Unitit States | leid = Inglis | budget = $28 milȝeoun<ref name="boxoffice">{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=aladdin.htm|title=Aladdin box office info|publisher=Box Office Mojo|accessdate=Mairch 17, 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090215092824/http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=aladdin.htm| archivedate= Februar 15, 2009 | deadurl= no}}</ref> | gross = $504.1 milȝeoun<ref name="boxoffice"/> }} '''''Aladdin''''' is a 1992 American animatit muisical [[fantasie film]] produced bi Walt Disney Feature Animation an released bi [[Walt Disney Pictures]]. ''Aladdin'' is the 31st Disney animatit featur film, an wis pairt o the Disney film era kent as the Disney Renaissance. The film wis directit bi John Musker an Ron Clements, an is based on the Arab [[Fairy tale|folktale]] ''Aladdin an the Magic Lamp'' frae ''[[Ane Thoosand an Ane Nichts]]''. The vyce cast featurs Scott Weinger, [[Robin Williams]], Linda Larkin, Jonathan Freeman, Frank Welker, [[Gilbert Gottfried]], an Douglas Seale. Lyricist Howard Ashman first pitched the idea, an the screenplay went throu three drafts afore then-Disney Studios preses [[Jeffrey Katzenberg]] greed tae it bein made. The animators based thair designs on the wark o caricaturist Al Hirschfeld, an computers war uised for baith finishin the artwork an creautin some animatit elements. The muisical score wis scrieved bi Alan Menken an featurs sax sangs wi lyrics scrieved bi baith Ashman an Tim Rice, wha teuk ower efter Ashman's daith. ''Aladdin'' wis released on November 25, 1992 an wis the maist successfu film o 1992, earnin ower $217&nbsp;milȝeoun in revenue in the [[Unitit States]], an ower $504&nbsp;milȝeoun warldwide. The film won mony awairds an aw, maist o them for its soundtrack. {{nobreak|''Aladdin''{{'}}s}} success led tae ither material inspired bi the film, includin twa direct-to-video sequels, ''The Return o Jafar'' an ''Aladdin an the King o Thieves'', an animatit telly series o the same name, toys, video gemmes, spin-affs, includin a live-action remake, a prequel anent the genie titled ''Genies,'' Disney merchandise, an a Broadway adaptation whilk stairted in 2014. ==Plot== Jafar, Ryal Vizier o the fictional toon o Agrabah, is plaiced nearlins the watters o Jordan. His taulkin papingoe, Iago, seeks oot a magyk lamp hidden amid the Cave o Wonders. Thay're tellt that ainly yin body is worthy tae put in. The 'diamant in the ruff', wham Jafar later identifees as Aladdin, an Agrabah wynd urchin. Princess Jasmine o Agrabah, pure upset that the law requires her tae mairie a prince insteid o the yin she luves, escapes the pailace an meets Aladdin an his pet monkey, Abu. The pailace guards capture Aladdin on Jafar's orders. Jasmine confronts Jafar tae demand Aladdin's release, bit he lies an says that Aladdin haes bin kilt. Disguised as an auldjin, Jafar frees Aladdin an Abu an brings thaim tae the cave, ordering thaim tae retrieve the lamp. Efter bein telt tae titch hee haw bit the lamp, Aladdin finds a magic cairpet ben an obtains the lamp. Forgetting the cave's ruil, Abu grabs a jewel. Aladdin, Abu, an the cairpet rush tae escape the cave at the doon fallin; Aladdin gies the lamp tae Jafar, wha throws baith Aladdin an Abu back intae the cave, tho nae afore Abu steals the lamp back. Trapped, Aladdin rubs the lamp an meets the genie wha bides ben it. The genie grants Aladdin three wishes. Aladdin tricks the genie intae freeing thaim aw fae the cave athoot usin a wish. He uses his foremaist wish tae assume the identity o a prince tae woo Jasmine, an promises tae uise his third wish tae free the genie fae servitude. At Iago's request, Jafar plots tae acome [[Sultan]] by marrying Jasmine. Aladdin, as "Prince Ali Ababwa", arrives in Agrabah wi a lairge host, bit Kasmine becomes crabbit whin he discusses her fate wi her faither the Sultan an Jafar athoot her. As a means o apology, Aladdin steals Jasmine on a hurl on the magic cairpet. Whin she deduces his true identitie, he convinces her that he ainlie dresses as a peasant tae escape the stresses o ryal lee. Efter Aladdin brocht Jasmine hame, the palace guards captur Aladdin on Jafar's behest an throw him intae the sea. The genie appears en saves him at the cost o his seicont wish. Aladdin returns tae the pailace an expones Jafar's evil plot. Jafar flees efter spotting the lamp an sicweys discoverin Aladdin's true identity. Fearing that he wull lose jasmine if the truth is revealed, Aladdin breaks his promise an refuses tae unthirl the genie. Iago steals the lamp, an Jafar becomes the genie's nou master. He uses his foremaist twa wishes tae acome Sultan an the world's maist powerful sorcerer. He then expones Aladdin's identity an exiles him, Abu, an the cairpet tae a frozen wasteland. Thay escape an return tae the palace. Jasmine tries tae hulp Aladdin steal the lamp back, bit Jafar notices an overpowers the heroes wi his magic. Aladdin taunts Jafar fur bein less powerful than the genie, tricking Jafar intae usin his lest wish tae acome an aw-powerful genie hissel. Noo bound tae his nou lamp, Jafar ends up trapped ben it, takkin Iago wi him. Wi Agrabah returned tae normal, the genie banishes Jafar's lamp an advises Aladdin uise his third wish tae regain his ryal title sae the law wull allou him tae bade wi jasmine. Aladdin decides insteid tae keep his promise an frees the genie. Realising Aladdin an Jasmine's luve, the Sultana changes the law tae allou Jasmine tae mairie wham she chooses. The genie leaves tae explore the world, while Aladdin and Jasmin stairt thair freish lee thegither. ==Cast== *Scott Weinger as Aladdin, a poor, but kynd-hearted Agrabah thief. Weinger sent in a hamemade audition tape wi his mither playin the Genie,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.scottweinger.net/article13.html|title=As Genie, mom helped grant son's wish for 'Aladdin' role|author=Abbott, Jim|date=January 5, 1993|work=[[St. Paul Pioneer Press]]|accessdate=May 26, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602043724/http://www.scottweinger.net/article13.html|archivedate=June 2, 2009|deadurl=no}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602043724/http://www.scottweinger.net/article13.html |date=2009-06-02 }}</ref> an efter several caw backs he foond sax month later that he haed the pairt.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.scottweinger.net/article15.html|title=Aladdin's Voice Speaks|author=Caporaso, Jenna|author2=Trucks, Leigh|author3=Pompa, Andrew|date=February 27, 1994|work=[[The Charlotte Observer]]|accessdate=May 26, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416063832/http://www.scottweinger.net/article15.html|archivedate=April 16, 2009|deadurl=no}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416063832/http://www.scottweinger.net/article15.html |date=2009-04-16 }}</ref> Aladdin's supervising animator wis bi Glen Keane. Brad Kane gies Aladdin his singin vyce.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e1RTP8thtR0C&pg=PA112|title=Disney Voice Actors: A Biographical Dictionary|first=Thomas S.|last=Hischak|publisher=McFarland|year=2011|isbn=978-0-7864-6271-1|page=112}}</ref> *[[Robin Williams]] as The Genie, a comedic [[genie]], wi nigh omnipotent pouer that can anly be exercised whan his master wishes it. The Genie's supervising animator wis Eric Goldberg. Clements an Musker wrate the pairt o the Genie for Robin Williams an, whan met wi resistance, creatit a reel o Williams' stand-up tae animation o the Genie. The directors asked Goldberg tae animate a Genie ower ane o Williams' auld stand-up comedy routines tae pitch the idea tae the actor. The resultin test, whaur Williams taukin anent [[schizophrenia]] wis translated intae Genie growin anither heid tae argue wi himsel, made Williams "laugh his ass aff" an convinced him tae sign on fur the role. Williams' appearance in ''Aladdin'' (despite his appearance alang wi Christian Slater an Tim Curry in the early 1992 animatit film ''FernGully'') marks the beginnin o a transition in animatit film tae celebrity vyce actors, rather than specifically trained vyce actors in animatit film.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2011/10/how-celebrities-took-over-cartoon-voice-acting/247481|title=How Celebrities Took Over Cartoon Voice Acting|author=Meslow, Scott|work=The Atlantic|date=October 28, 2011|accessdate=May 3, 2015}}</ref> Williams providit mony celebrity impressions during recording sessions, which war re-adapted intae the fabric o the character. Thir included Ed Sullivan, [[Jack Nicholson]], [[Robert De Niro]], [[Groucho Marx]], [[Rodney Dangerfield]], William F. Buckley, Peter Lorre, [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]], an Arsenio Hall.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2014/08/12/robin-williams-aladdin-eric-goldberg|title=Robin Williams in 'Aladdin': Animator Eric Goldberg remembers drawing Genie|date=August 12, 2014|author=Labrecque, Jeff|work=Entertainment Weekly|accessdate=May 3, 2015}}</ref> Williams vyces the Peddler forby, a mysterious merchant wha appears at the beginnin o the film. Efter promoting feckless goods tae the audience, he reveals the magic lamp an begins the story o ''Aladdin''. The scene wis completely unscripted — the production left Williams a table wi props covered wi a sheet an asked him tae pull oot objects athoot lookin at them an describe them in-character. The dooble role originally led tae the Peddler revealin tae be the Genie disguised, but that idea wis dropped later in development.<ref name="ew" /> Bruce Adler supplies the singing vyce for the Peddler. *Jonathan Freeman as Jafar, the pouer-hungry Grand Vizier o Agrabah. Jafar wis originally envisioned as curnaptious, but the directors decidit that a calm villain wad be scarier.<ref name=popup/> Freeman wis the first actor cast an spent ane year an nine month recordin his dialogue. He later readjusted his vyce efter Weinger an Larkin war cast as he felt "Jafar had tae be seen as a real threat tae Aladdin an Jasmine".<ref>{{cite web|author=Hill, Jim|url=http://jimhillmedia.com/editor_in_chief1/b/jim_hill/archive/2011/06/13/jonathan-freeman-returns-as-jafar-in-new-stage-musical-version-of-disney-s-quot-aladdin-quot.aspx|title=Jonathan Freeman returns as Jafar in new stage musical version of Disney's "Aladdin"|publisher=Jim Hill Media|date=June 13, 2011|accessdate=December 26, 2011|archive-date=2019-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820184415/http://jimhillmedia.com/editor_in_chief1/b/jim_hill/archive/2011/06/13/jonathan-freeman-returns-as-jafar-in-new-stage-musical-version-of-disney-s-quot-aladdin-quot.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> Jafar's supervising animator wis Andreas Deja, wha tried tae incorporate Freeman's facial expressions an gesturing intae the character,<ref name=diamond/> while Jafar's beggar an snake forms are animatit bi Kathy Zielinski.<ref name=comm1/> *Linda Larkin as Princess Jasmine: The princess o Agrabah, wha is tired o life in the ryal pailace. Larkin wis chose nine month efter her audeetion, an haed tae lawer her heich-pitched vyce tae reach the vyce the film-makars war leukin for in the character.<ref name=popup/> Jasmine's supervising animator wis Mark Henn. [[Lea Salonga]] gies Jasmine her singin vyce.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://d23.com/lea-salonga/|title=Disney Legends: Lea Salonga|publisher=Disney.com|accessdate=December 26, 2011}}</ref> *Frank Welker as Abu, Aladdin's kleptomaniac pet monkey wi a heich-pitched vyce. The animators filmed monkeys at the San Francisco Zoo tae study thair muivments for Abu's character.<ref name=popup/> In the three years it teuk tae record the film, Welker didnae meet Weinger or Williams.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allspark.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1&Itemid=3|title=The Allspark Interviews Legend Frank Welker|author=Kalidor|date=September 22, 2006|work=allspark.com|accessdate=May 26, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602082326/http://www.allspark.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1&Itemid=3|archivedate=June 2, 2009|deadurl=no}}</ref> Welker vyces Jasmine's tiger Rajah an the Cave o Wonders forby.<ref name=comm1/> Duncan Marjoribanks wis the supervising animator for Abu, while Rajah wis animated bi Aaron Blaise. *[[Gilbert Gottfried]] as Iago, Jafar's sarcastic, foul-mouthed parrot assistant. Much lik Robin Williams, Gottfried wis gien freedom tae improvise his lines.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cinemablend.com/new/Why-Gilbert-Gottfried-Had-Keep-Recording-His-Aladdin-Lines-112457.html|title=Why Gilbert Gottfried Had To Keep Recording His Aladdin Lines |author=Libbey, Dirk|publisher=CinemaBlend|accessdate=December 26, 2011}}</ref> Iago's supervising animator Will Finn tried tae incorporate a wheen o aspects o Gottfried's appearance intae Iago's design, sic as his semi-closed een an the always-appearin teeth.<ref name=popup/> *Douglas Seale as The Sultan, the pompous, but kynd ruler o Agrabah, wha desperately tries tae find a suitor for his dochter Jasmine. Some aspects o the character war inspired bi the ''Wizard o Oz'', tae creaut a bumbling authority figure.<ref name=popup/> The Sultan's supervising animator wis David Pruiksma. *Jim Cummings as Razoul, the Captain o the Guard. He wis named efter layout supervisor Rasoul Azadani.<ref name=popup/> He an the ither guards war animated bi Phil Young an Chris Wahl. *Charlie Adler as Gazeem: A thief that Jafar sends intae the Cave o Wonders at the beginnin o the film but is trapped inside for bein unworthy. Gazeem wis animated bi T. Daniel Hofstedt. *Corey Burton as Prince Achmed, a snobbish prince wha is rejected bi Princess Jasmine as her suitor. ==Production== ===Script an development=== In 1988, lyricist Howard Ashman pitched the idea o an animated musical adaptation o Aladdin. Ashman haed written a 40-page film treatment remainin faithful tae the plot an characters o the original story, but envisioned as a campy 1930s-style musical wi a Cab Calloway/Fats Waller-lik Genie.<ref name="Rhodes">{{cite news| title=What Would Walt Say? : The credits read Disney, but 'Aladdin' is a brand-new 'toon, an irreverent high-stakes gamble that veers sharply from tradition | url=http://articles.latimes.com/1992-11-08/entertainment/ca-4_1_walt-disney-studios | last=Rhodes | first=Joe | newspaper=''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' | date=November 8, 1992 | accessdate=July 11, 2015}}</ref> Alangside pairtner Alan Menken, Ashman conceived several sangs an eikit Aladdin's friends named Babkak, Omar, an Kasim tae the story.<ref name="Mouseunderglass">{{cite book |last=Koeing |first=David |title=Mouse Under Glass: Secrets of Disney Animation & Theme Parks |location=[[Irvine, California]] |publisher=Bonadventure Press |pages=216–26 |isbn=978-0964060517 |date=January 28, 2001 }}<!--|accessdate=Julie 11, 2015--></ref><ref name="time" /> Hooanever, the studio wis dismissive o Ashman's treatment an removed the project frae development in which Ashman an Menken war later recruited tae compone songs for ''[[Beauty and the Beast (1991 film)|Beauty an the Beast]]''.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-11-25/features/1992330079_1_alan-menken-ashman-howard | title=Ashman's words were music to his ears | last=Hunter | first=Stephen | newspaper=''[[The Baltimore Sun]]'' | date=November 25, 1992 | accessdate=July 11, 2015 | archive-date=2017-08-01 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801234847/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-11-25/features/1992330079_1_alan-menken-ashman-howard | url-status=dead }}</ref> Linda Woolverton, wha haed worked on ''Beauty an the Beast'' an aw, uised thair treatment an developit a draft wi inspired elements frae ''The Thief o Bagdad'' sic as a villain named Jaf'far, an aged sidekick retired human thief named Abu, an a human handmaiden for the princess.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://howardashman.com/blog/john-musker-question-countdown-number-9/ | title=John Musker Question Countdown – Number 9 | date=February 21, 2012 | accessdate=July 11, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://animatedviews.com/2005/aladdin-crew-reunion/|first=Christian|last=Ziebarth|title=Aladdin: Crew Reunion|publisher=Animated Views|date=April 23, 2005|accessdate=May 31, 2009}}</ref> Then, directors John Musker an Ron Clements jynt the production, picking ''Aladdin'' oot o three projects affered, which included an adaptation o ''[[Swan Lake]]'' an ''King o the Jungle'' – that eventually became ''[[The Lion King]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://animationpodcast.com/ronandjohn-part-three/|title=Show 009 – Ron and John, Part Three|publisher=The Animation Podcast|date=November 1, 2005|accessdate=May 31, 2009|archive-date=2010-03-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100309041355/http://animationpodcast.com/ronandjohn-part-three/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Afore Ashman's daith in Mairch 1991, Ashman an Menken haed componed "Prince Ali" an his last song, "Humiliate the Boy".<ref>{{cite news | title=Lyricist's life ended on poignant note | url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1991-11-22/entertainment/1991326070_1_alan-menken-ashman-song-we-wrote | work=Los Angeles Daily News | publisher=Baltimore Sun | date=November 22, 1991 | accessdate=July 11, 2015 | archive-date=2017-11-07 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107233721/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1991-11-22/entertainment/1991326070_1_alan-menken-ashman-song-we-wrote | url-status=dead }}</ref> Musker an Clements wrate a draft o the screenplay, an then delivered a storie reel tae studio chief [[Jeffrey Katzenberg]] in Apryle 1991.<ref name="time" /> Katzenberg thocht the script didnae engage, an on a day kent bi the staff as "Black Friday", demaunded that the entire storie be rewrate athoot reschedulin the film's November 25, 1992 release date.<ref>{{cite video | people = John Musker, Ron Clements, Eric Goldberg, Amy Pell, Ed Gombert, Terry Rossio, Ted Elliot | title = Reflections On Black Friday | medium = DVD | publisher = Walt Disney Home Video |date = 2004}}</ref> Amang the changes Katzenberg requested frae Clements an Musker war tae nae be dependent on Ashman's vision,<ref name="Mouseunderglass" /> an the remuival o Aladdin's mither, remarkin, "''eighty-six'' the mither. The maw's a zero."<ref>{{cite news| title=Retread country | last=Steyn | first=Mark | newspaper=[[The Spectator]] | url=http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/18th-october-1997/76/cinema | date=October 17, 1997 | accessdate=July 11, 2015}}</ref> Screenscreivin duo Ted Elliott an Terry Rossio war brocht in tae rewark the storie,<ref name="time" /> an the changes thay med included the remuival o Aladdin's mither, the strenthenin o the character o Princess Jasmine, an the deletion o a wheen o the Ashman-Menken songs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/article/1992/12/04/unsung-aladdin-songs|title=Unsung ''Aladdin'' songs | last=Daly | first=Steve | publisher=''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' | date=December 4, 1992 | accessdate=July 11, 2015}}</ref> Aladdin's personalitie wis rewritten tae be "a wee bit rucher, like a young [[Harrison Ford]],"<ref name="time" /><ref name="ultimate">{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdizzy.com/aladdin.html|title=Aladdin DVzsxD review|publisher=DVDizzy.com|accessdate=March 20, 2007 }}</ref> an the papingoe Iago, wha was originallie a stiff Inglis archetype, wis rewirked intae a comic rôle efter the filmmakars saw [[Gilbert Gottfried]] in ''Beverly Hills Cop II''. Gottfried wis cast tae gie Iago's his vyce.<ref>{{cite video | people = John Musker, Ron Clements | title = Aladdin: Platinum Edition (Disc 2) | medium = DVD | publisher = Walt Disney Home Video |date = 2004}}</ref> Bi October 1991, Katzenberg wis blythe wi the new version o ''Aladdin''.<ref name="Rhodes" /> As wi Woolverton's screenplay, a wheen o characters an plot elements are based on the 1940 version o ''The Thief o Bagdad'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fosteronfilm.com/fantasy/thiefbagdad.htm|title=Fantasy: The Thief of Bagdad|publisher=Foster On Film|accessdate=May 31, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Visions of the East|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q2_E_gl9BbYC|author=Bernstein, Matthew |author2= Studlar, Gaylyn|publisher=I.B.Tauris|year=1997|isbn=978-1-86064-305-7}}</ref> the location o the film wis changed frae Baghdad, Iraq, tae the fictional [[Arabian Peninsula|Arabian]] citie o Agrabah.<ref>{{cite web|last=Johnson|first=Zach|title=Disney Myths Debunked by Ron Clements and John Musker, Directors of The Little Mermaid, Aladdin and Hercules|url=http://www.eonline.com/uk/news/706239/disney-myths-debunked-by-ron-clements-and-john-musker-directors-of-the-little-mermaid-aladdin-and-hercules|publisher=''Entertainment Weekly''|date=October 15, 2015|accessdate=December 19, 2015}}</ref> ===Design an animation=== Ane o the first issues that the animators faced durin production wis the depiction o Aladdin himsel.<ref name="thomas">Thomas, Bob: "Chapter 9: A New Tradition", pages 133–135. ''Disney's Art of Animation: From Mickey Mouse to Hercules'', 1997</ref> Director an producer John Musker explains: {{cquote|In early screenings, we played with him being a little bit younger, and he had a mother in the story. [...] In design he became more athletic-looking, more filled out, more of a young leading man, more of a teen-hunk version than before.<ref name=thomas />}} He wis first gaun tae be 13 year old, but later becam 18.<ref name="thomas" /> Aladdin wis ettled bi a team led bi supervisin animator Glen Keane, an wis original made tae resemmle actor Michael J. Fox. Durin production, it wis decidit that the design wis too laddish an wisna "appealing enouch", sae the character wis redrawn tae add airts derived frae actor [[Tom Cruise]] an Calvin Klein models.<ref name="ew" /> The design for maist characters wis based on the wark o caricaturist Al Hirschfeld,<ref name="diamond" /> whilk production designer Richard Vander Wende said wis appropriate tae the theme, due tae similarities tae the swooping lines o Persian miniatures an Arabic calligraphy.<ref name="making">{{cite book|title=Disney's Aladdin The Making Of An Animated Film|last=Culhane|first=John|date=August 15, 1993|publisher=Disney Editions|isbn=978-1-56282-757-1}}</ref> Jafar's design wis nae based on Hirschfeld's work acause Jafar's supervising animator, Andreas Deja, wanted the character tae be contrastin.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tech.mit.edu/V112/N64/aladdin.64a.html|title=Aladdin animator used subtlety to design strong villain|date=November 20, 1992|publisher=[[The Tech (newspaper)|The Tech]]}}</ref> Each character wis animated alone, wi the animators consulting ilk ither tae mak scenes wi interrelatin characters. Syne Aladdin's animator Glen Keane wis wirkin in the California branch o Walt Disney Feature Animation, an Jasmine's animator Mark Henn wis in the Florida ane at Disney-MGM Studios, thay haed tae frequently phone, fax or send designs an discs tae ilk ither.<ref name=makin/> Animator Randy Cartwright describit wirkin on the Magic Carpet as challengin, syne it is anly a rectangular shape, wha expresses himsel throu pantomime – "It's sort o like actin bi [[origami]]".<ref name=makin/> Cartwright kept foldin a piece o cloth while animatin tae see hou tae position the cairpet.<ref name=makin/> Efter the character animation wis done, the cairpet's surface design wis applee'd digital-like.<ref name=diamond/> Fur the scenery design, layoot supervisor Rasoul Azadani teuk mony pictures o his hametoon o [[Isfahan]], Iran for guidal.<ref name=popup/> Ither inspirations for design war Disney's animated films frae the 1940s an 50s an the 1940 film ''The Thief of Bagdad''.<ref name=makin/> The colouring wis done wi the Computer Animation Production System, an the colour motifs war chose accordin tae the personalitie – the protagonists uise licht colours sic as blue, the antagonists darker yins sic as reid an black, an Agrabah an its pailace uise the neutral colour yellae.<ref name=popup/><ref name=diamond/> Computer animation wis uised for some elements o the film, sic as the tiger entrance o the Cave o Wonders an the scene whaur Aladdin tries tae escape the collapsing cave.<ref name="diamond">{{cite video|location=''Aladdin'' Platinum Edition, Disc 2|title=Diamond in the Rough: The Making of Aladdin|medium=DVD|publisher=Walt Disney Home Video|date=2004}}</ref> Musker an Clements creatit the Genie wi Robin Williams in mind; even tho Katzenberg suggestit actors sic as John Candy, [[Steve Martin]], an [[Eddie Murphy]], Williams wis approached an eventually acceptit the role. Williams came for vyce recording sessions during breaks in the shooting o twa ither films he wis starring in at the time, ''Hook'' an ''Toys''. Unusual fur an animated film, a gey bit o Williams' dialogue wis mad up on the spot: for some scenes, Williams wis gien topics an diallog suggests, but alloued tae improvise his lines.<ref name="diamond" /> It wis estimatit thit Williams improvised 52 characters.<ref>{{cite video | people = James Lipton (host) |date = 2001 | title = Inside the Actors Studio: Robin Williams | medium = Documentary | publisher = Bravo}}</ref> Eric Goldberg, the supervisin animator for the Genie, then reviewed Williams' recorded diallog an selected the best gags an lines that his crew wad creaut character animation tae match.<ref name="diamond"/> The producers eikit mony in-jokes an references tae Disney's previous warks in the film, sic as a "cameo appearance" frae directors Clements an Musker an drawing some characters based on Disney workers.<ref name="comm1">[[Ron Clements]], [[John Musker]], Amy Pell.''Aladdin'' [[audio commentary]] – ''The Filmmaker's''</ref> Beast, Sebastian frae ''[[The Little Mermaid (1989 film)|The Little Mermaid]]'', an Pinocchio mak brief appearances,<ref name="popup">{{cite video|title=Pop Up Fun Facts|location=''Aladdin'' Platinum Edition Disc 1|medium=DVD|date=2004|publisher=Walt Disney Home Video}}</ref> an the wardrobe o the Genie at the end o the film—[[Goofy]] hat, Hawaiian sark, an sandals—are a reference tae a cutty film that Robin Williams did fur the Disney-MGM Studios tour in the late 1980s.<ref name="comm1"/> ===Robin Williams' conflichts wi the studio=== In gratitude for his success wi Touchstone Pictures' ''[[Good Morning, Vietnam]]'', Robin Williams voiced the Genie for [[Screen Actors Guild|SAG]] scale pey ($75,000) insteid o his asking fee o $8 milȝeoun, on condeetion that his name or image widna be uised for marketing, an his (supporting) character nae tak mair nor 25% o space on advertising artwork, syne Williams' film ''Toys'' wis scheduled for release ane month efter ''Aladdin''{{'}}s debut. For financial reasons, the studio went back on the deal on baith counts, especially in poster airt bi haein the Genie in 25% o the image, but haein ither major an supporting characters portrayed considerably smawer. The Disney Hyperion beuk ''Aladdin: The Making o an Animated Film'' listed baith o Williams' characters "The Peddler" an "The Genie" ahead o main characters, but wis forced tae refer tae him anly as "the actor signed tae play the Genie".<ref name="ew">{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,312562,00.html |title=Disney's Got A Brand-New Baghdad 1 |work=Entertainment Weekly |date=September 4, 1992 |accessdate=March 16, 2007 |first=Steve |last=Daly |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110806042954/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C312562%2C00.html |archivedate=August 6, 2011 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,312562_2,00.html |title=Disney's Got A Brand-New Baghdad 2 |work=Entertainment Weekly |date=September 4, 1992 |accessdate=March 16, 2007 |first=Steve |last=Daly |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025122146/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C312562_2%2C00.html |archivedate=October 25, 2012 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,312562_3,00.html |title=Disney's Got A Brand-New Baghdad 3 |work=Entertainment Weekly |date=September 4, 1992 |accessdate=March 16, 2007 |first=Steve |last=Daly |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025122132/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C312562_3%2C00.html |archivedate=October 25, 2012 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> Disney, while nae uisin Williams’ name in commercials as per the contract, uised his vyce for the Genie in the commercials an uised the Genie character tae sell toys an fast fuid tie-ins, athoot haein tae pey Williams additional money; Williams unhappily quipped at the time “The anly reason Mickey Mouse haes three fingers is acause he can’t pick up a check.” Disney attempted tae assuage Williams bi sending him a [[Pablo Picasso]] pentin worth mair nor $1 milȝeoun at the time, but this muive failed tae repair the damaged relationship, as the pentin wis a self-portrait o the airtist as Vincent van Gogh which apparently really "clashed" wi the Williams' wilder hame decor.<ref>[http://www.businessinsider.com/robin-williams-disney-feud-picasso-gift-2014-11]</ref> Williams refused tae sign on for Aladdin 2, sae it wis [[Dan Castellaneta]] that voiced the Genie. When [[Jeffrey Katzenberg]] wis replaced bi Joe Roth as Walt Disney Studios chairman, Roth gied a public apology tae Williams.<ref>[http://www.cbr.com/movie-legends-revealed-robin-williams-split-with-disney-over-aladdin-poster/]</ref> ===Music=== Composer Alan Menken an songwriters Howard Ashman an Tim Rice war praised for creautin a soundtrack that is "consistently guid, rivaling the best o Disney's ither animated musicals from the '90s."<ref>{{cite web|url={{Allmusic|class=album|id=r110157|pure_url=yes}}|title=Aladdin soundtrack review|publisher=Allmusic|author=Phares, Heather|accessdate=Mairch 18, 2007}}</ref> Menken an Ashman began work on the film thegither, wi Rice takkin ower as lyricist efter Ashman died o AIDS-relatit complications in early 1991.<ref>{{Cite video|location=''Aladdin'' Platinum Edition, Disc 2|title=Alan Menken: Musical Renaissance Man|medium=DVD|date=2004|publisher=Walt Disney Home Video}}</ref> Awtho fourteen songs war written for ''Aladdin'', anly sax are featurt in the movie, three bi each lyricist.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,312563,00.html |title=Unsettled score |work=Entertainment Weekly |author=Daly, Steve |date=December 4, 1992 |accessdate=June 12, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110806042928/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C312563%2C00.html |archivedate=August 6, 2011 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> The DVD Special Edition released in 2004 includes fower songs in early animations tests, an a music video o ane, "Proud o yer Boy", performed bi Clay Aiken,<ref name="ign">{{cite web|url=http://dvd.ign.com/articles/549/549036p1.html|title=Aladdin: Ultimate DVD review|publisher=IGN|date=September 17, 2004|accessdate=March 16, 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070312234759/http://dvd.ign.com/articles/549/549036p1.html| archivedate= March 12, 2007 | deadurl= no}}</ref> which appears on the album ''DisneyMania 3'' an aw.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://disneymusic.disney.go.com/albums/disneymania3.html|title=DisneyMania 3|publisher=Disney|accessdate=May 25, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090519070127/http://disneymusic.disney.go.com/albums/disneymania3.html|archivedate=May 19, 2009|deadurl=no}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090519070127/http://disneymusic.disney.go.com/albums/disneymania3.html |date=2009-05-19 }}</ref> ==Themes== The filmmakers thocht the moral message o the original tale wis nae appropriate, an decidit tae "put a spin on it", bi makin the fulfillment o wishes seem lik a guid hing, but eventually acomin a problem.<ref name="making"/> Anither major theme wis avoiding an attempt tae be what the person is nae – baith Aladdin an Jasmine get intae trouble faking tae be different fowk,<ref name=popup/> an the Prince Ali persona fails tae impress Jasmine, wha anly faws for Aladdin whan she finds oot wha he truly is.<ref>{{cite book|title=[[Disney A to Z: The Official Encyclopedia]]|author=Smith, Dave | authorlink = Dave Smith (archivist) |publisher=Disney Editions|date=August 15, 1996|isbn=978-0-7868-6223-8}}</ref> Bein "imprisoned" is discussed, a fate that occurs tae maist o the characters – Aladdin an Jasmine are stuck tae thair lifestyles, Genie is attached tae his lamp an Jafar, tae the Sultan – an is represented visually bi the prison-lik walls an bars o the Agrabah pailace, an the scene involvin caged birds which Jasmine later frees.<ref name=popup/> Jasmine is depicted as a different Disney Princess, bein rebellious tae the ryal life an the social structur,<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AKd6mZSGsVUC&pg=PA276&lpg=PA276|title=The Arabian Nights reader|first=Ulrich|last=Marzolph|publisher=Wayne State University Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-8143-3259-7}}</ref> an tryin tae mak her ain wey, unlik the princesses wha juist wait for rescue.<ref name=makin/> ==Release an reception== ===Theatrical run=== A lairge promotion campaign preceded ''Aladdin''{{'}}s debut in theaters, wi the film's trailer bein attached tae maist Disney VHS releases, an numerous tie-ins an licensees bein released.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,305817,00.html |title=Arabian Sheikdown |author=Daly, Steve |author2=Ascher-Walsh, Rebecca |work=Entertainment Weekly |date=March 12, 1993 |accessdate=August 30, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091218052528/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C305817%2C00.html |archivedate=December 18, 2009 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> Efter a leemitit release on November 13, 1992,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/chart/?yr=1992&wknd=46&p=.htm|title=Weekend Box Office Results for November 13–15, 1992|publisher=Box Office Mojo|accessdate=May 26, 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090603094552/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/chart/?yr=1992&wknd=46&p=.htm| archivedate= June 3, 2009 | deadurl= no}}</ref> ''Aladdin'' debuted in 1,131 theaters on November 25, 1992, grossing $19.2 milȝeoun in its openin weekend – nummer twa at the box affice, behind ''Home Alone 2: Lost in New York''.<ref name="Opening BOM">{{cite news|url=http://variety.com/1992/film/news/holiday-b-o-gobbles-up-big-bucks-101610/ |title=Holiday B.O. gobbles up big bucks|work=Variety |date=November 30, 1992|last=Natale|first=Richard|accessdate=June 12, 2009}}</ref> It teuk aicht weeks for the film tae reach nummer ane at the US box affice, breaking the record for the week atween Christmas an New Year's Eve wi $32.2 milȝeoun.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1993-01-26/entertainment/ca-2081_1_weekend-box-office|title='Aladdin' Finally Hits No. 1 and a Record in Sales Too|work=Los Angeles Times|last=Fox|first=David J.|date=January 26, 1993|accessdate=June 12, 2009}}</ref> The film held the tap spot five times during its 22-week run.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=weekend&id=aladdin.htm|title=Aladdin (1992) – Weekend Box Office Results|publisher=Box Office Mojo|accessdate=June 12, 2009}}</ref> ''Aladdin'' wis the maist successfu film o 1992 grossing $217 milȝeoun in the United States an ower $504 milȝeoun warldwide.<ref name="boxoffice"/> It wis the biggest gross for an animated film until ''[[The Lion King]]'' twa years later, an wis the first full-length animated film tae gross $200 milȝeoun in North Americae.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=lionking.htm|title=The Lion King (1994)|publisher=Box Office Mojo|accessdate=May 25, 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090517125117/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=lionking.htm| archivedate= May 17, 2009 | deadurl= no}}</ref> As o Januar 2014, it is the thirtieth highest grossing animated film an the third highest grossing tradeetionally animated feature warldwide, behind ''[[The Lion King]]'' an ''The Simpsons Movie''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=simpsons.htm|title=The Simpsons Movie (2007)|publisher=Box Office Mojo|accessdate=May 25, 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090617051954/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=simpsons.htm| archivedate= June 17, 2009 | deadurl= no}}</ref> It sauld an estimatit 52,442,300 tickets in the US.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=aladdin.htm&adjust_yr=1&p=.htm|title=Aladdin (1992)|publisher=Box Office Mojo|accessdate=May 30, 2016}}</ref> ===Critical reception=== [[File:Chuck Jones2 (cropped).jpg|150px|thumb|Warner Bros. Cartoons animator Chuck Jones cried ''Aladdin'', "the funniest feature ever made."<ref name="time">{{cite news|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,158290,00.html|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|title=Aladdin's Magic| author = Richard Corliss |author2= Patrick E. Cole|author3= Martha Smilgis | authorlink = Richard Corliss | date=November 9, 1992|accessdate=March 16, 2007 | quote = Chuck Jones' verdict is judicious: Aladdin is "the funniest feature ever made." It's a movie for adults – if they can keep up with its careering pace – and, yes, you can take the kids. It juggles a '90s impudence with the old Disney swank and heart. }}</ref>]] The review aggregator wabsteid [[Rotten Tomatoes]] reportit that 94% o critics gae the film a guid review based on a sample o 68 reviews, wi an average score o 8.1/10.<ref name="RTfresh">{{cite web | url= http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1042582-aladdin/ | title=Aladdin at Rottentomatoes.com | publisher=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] | accessdate=March 23, 2012 }}</ref> Most critics' praise went tae Robin Williams' performance as Genie,<ref name="RTfresh" /> wi Janet Maslin o ''[[The New York Times]]'' declaring that childer "needn't know precisely what Mr. Williams is evoking tae understand hou funny he is".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9E0CE7DC1138F932A25752C1A964958260|title=Disney Puts Its Magic Touch on 'Aladdin'|work=The New York Times|first=Janet|last=Maslin | authorlink = Janet Maslin | date=November 11, 1992|accessdate=June 12, 2009 }}</ref> Warner Bros. Cartoons director Chuck Jones even cried the film "the funniest feature ever made."<ref name="time"/> Furthermair, Inglis-Erse comedian Spike Milligan considered it tae be the greatest film o aw time.<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0589711/bio?ref_=nm_dyk_trv_sm#trivia | title = Spike Milligan - Biography - IMDb}}</ref> James Berardinelli gae it 3.5 oot o 4 stars, praising the "crisp visuals an wonderful song-and-dance numbers".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reelviews.net/reelviews/aladdin|title=Aladdin|author= Berardinelli, James | authorlink = James Berardinelli |publisher=Reelviews|year=1992|accessdate=May 26, 2009 }}</ref> Peter Travers o ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' said the comedy made the film accessible tae baith childer an adults,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/movie/5947957/review/5947958/aladdin|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080618163432/http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/movie/5947957/review/5947958/aladdin|archivedate=June 18, 2008|title=Aladdin|author=Travers, Peter | authorlink = Peter Travers |journal=[[Rolling Stone]]|issue=644|date=November 1992|accessdate=May 26, 2009 }}</ref> a vision shared wi Desson Howe o ''[[The Washington Post]]'', wha said "kids are still going tae be entranced bi the magic an adventure."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/aladdinghowe_a0af3c.htm|title='Aladdin'|first=Desson|last=Howe|work=The Washington Post|date=November 27, 1992|accessdate=May 26, 2009 }}</ref> Brian Lowry o ''Variety'' praised the cast o characters, describing the expressive magic cairpet as "its most remarkable accomplishment" an considered that "''Aladdin'' overcomes most story flaws thanks to sheer technical virtuosity".<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117900071.html?categoryid=31&cs=1 |title=Aladdin|work=Variety |first=Brian|last=Lowry |date=November 4, 1992 |accessdate=May 26, 2009 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090602052954/http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117900071.html?categoryid=31&cs=1| archivedate= June 2, 2009 | deadurl= no}}</ref> Some aspects o the film war criticised. Ed Gonzalez o ''Slant Magazine'' wrate a negative review, describing the film as racist, ridiculous, an a "narcissistic circus act" frae Robin Williams.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.slantmagazine.com/film/review/aladdin | title=Aladdin | work=[[Slant Magazine]] | date=September 23, 2004 | accessdate=June 16, 2015 | author=Gonzalez, Ed}}</ref> [[Roger Ebert]], wha generally praised the film in his review, considered the music inferior tae its predecessors ''The Little Mermaid'' an ''Beauty an the Beast'', an claimed Aladdin an Jasmine war "pale an routine." He criticised what he saw as the film's uise o ethnic stereotypes, writing: "Most of the Arab characters have exaggerated facial characteristics - hooked noses, glowering brows, thick lips - but Aladdin and the princess look like white American teenagers."<ref>{{cite news|author=Ebert, Roger | authorlink = Roger Ebert |url=http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/aladdin-1992| title=Aladdin review|date=November 25, 1992|accessdate=March 17, 2007 |work=Chicago Sun-Times }}</ref> ===Awairds=== ''Aladdin'' received mony award nominations, maistlins for its music. It won twa [[Academy Award]]s, Best Music, Original Score an Best Music, Original Song for "''A Whole New World''" an receiving nominations for Best Sang ("Friend Like Me"), Best Sound Editing (Mark A. Mangini), an Best Sound (Terry Porter, Mel Metcalfe, David J. Hudson an Doc Kane).<ref name="Oscars1993">{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1993 |title=The 65th Academy Awards (1993) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=October 22, 2011|work=oscars.org}}</ref> At the Golden Globes, ''Aladdin'' won Best Original Song ("A Whole New World") an Best Original Score, as well as a Special Achievement Award for Robin Williams, wi a nomination for Best Motion Picture&nbsp;– Musical or Comedy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goldenglobes.org/browse/film/23558|title=SEARCH&nbsp;– Aladdin|publisher=[[Hollywood Foreign Press Association]]|accessdate=May 25, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100713032324/http://www.goldenglobes.org/browse/film/23558|archivedate=July 13, 2010}}</ref> Ither awairds included the Annie Award for Best Animated Feature,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://annieawards.org/21stwinners.html |title=Legacy: 21st Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (1993) |publisher=Annie Awards |accessdate=May 25, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425215012/http://annieawards.org/21stwinners.html |archivedate=April 25, 2009 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy }}</ref> a MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance tae Robin Williams,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/movieawards/1993/|title=1993 MTV Movie Awards|publisher=MTV|accessdate=May 25, 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080423094756/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/movieawards/1993/| archivedate= April 23, 2008 | deadurl= no}}</ref> Saturn Awards fur Best Fantasy Film, Performance by a Young Actor tae Scott Weinger an Supporting Actor tae Robin Williams,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saturnawards.org/past.html |title=Past Saturn Award Winners |publisher=Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films |accessdate=May 25, 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511180136/http://www.saturnawards.org/past.html |archivedate=May 11, 2008 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906130320/http://www.saturnawards.org/past.html |date=2014-09-06 }}</ref> the Best Animated Feature bi the Los Angeles Film Critics Association,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lafca.net/years/1992.html|title=18TH Annual Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards|publisher=LAFCA|accessdate=May 25, 2009|archive-date=2016-03-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316102754/http://www.lafca.net/years/1992.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> an fower [[Grammy Award]]s, Best Soundtrack Album, an Song of the Year, Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal an Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media for "''A Whole New World''".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/02/movies/top-grammy-to-houston-5-for-aladdin.html|title=Top Grammy to Houston; 5 for 'Aladdin'|first=Jon|last=Pareles|date=March 2, 1994|work=The New York Times|accessdate=May 25, 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090602224016/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/02/movies/top-grammy-to-houston-5-for-aladdin.html| archivedate= June 2, 2009 | deadurl= no}}</ref> The film is recognised bi American Film Institute in thir lists: 2004: AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs: Friend like me - Nominated. A whole new world - Nominated. ===Hame media {{anchor|DVD}}=== The film wis first released in VHS on October 1, 1993, as pairt o the "Walt Disney Classics" line. In its first week, ''Aladdin'' sauld ower 10.6&nbsp;milȝeoun copies,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,308423,00.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425210651/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C308423%2C00.html |archivedate=April 25, 2009 |title=Arabian Might |work=Entertainment Weekly |date=October 15, 1993 |accessdate=May 25, 2009 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> an went on tae sell ower 25&nbsp;milȝeoun in tot (a record anly broken bi the later release o ''The Lion King'').<ref>{{cite web|url=http://movieweb.com/disney-rubs-aladdins-lamp/|title=Disney Rubs Aladdin's Lamp|publisher=Movie Web|accessdate=March 20, 2007}}</ref> This VHS edition entered moratorium on Apryle 30, 1994.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/20/arts/home-video-149802.html|title=Home Video|work=The New York Times|date=May 20, 1994|accessdate=March 20, 2007 | first=Peter M. | last=Nichols}}</ref> A THX-certified widescreen LaserDisc wis issued in Autumn 1994,<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TAgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=RA1-PA60&lpg=RA1-PA60&dq=aladdin+laserdisc+1994&source=bl&ots=eHM4OjcTuG&sig=XU1XZH8-nv6gT6dfedeb2BmwoYY&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjEtqfjoo7SAhUB34MKHWqHDkc4ChDoAQgeMAE#v=onepage&q=aladdin%20laserdisc%201994&f=false|title=Billboard|last=Nielsen Business Media, Inc|first=|date=1994-05-21|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=|language=en|quote=|via=}}</ref> an a Spaingie-dubbed VHS for the American mercat wis released on Apryle 14, 1995.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/HISTORIC+SPANISH-LANGUAGE+DEBUT;+DISNEY'S+'SNOW+WHITE'+AND+'ALADDIN'...-a016806752|title=HISTORIC SPANISH-LANGUAGE DEBUT; DISNEY'S 'SNOW WHITE' AND 'ALADDIN' PLUS FIVE ADDITIONAL HITS COME TO HOME VIDEO BEGINNING APRIL 14 - Free Online Library|website=www.thefreelibrary.com|access-date=2017-02-14}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> On October 5, 2004, ''Aladdin'' wis released on DVD, as pairt o Disney's Platinum Edition line. The DVD release featurt retouched an cleaned-up animation, prepared fur ''Aladdin's'' planned but ultimately cancelled [[IMAX]] reissue in 2003,<ref>{{cite web|url= http://jimhillmedia.com/editor_in_chief1/b/jim_hill/archive/2004/10/12/478.aspx|title= "Aladdin" Platinum Edition sets the gold standard for Disney DVD|author= Hill, Jim|date= October 12, 2004|accessdate= April 5, 2007|archive-date= 2009-07-25|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090725154432/http://jimhillmedia.com/blogs/jim_hill/archive/2004/10/11/478.aspx|url-status= dead}}</ref> an a seicont disc wi bonus features. Accompanied bi a $19 milȝeoun marketing campaign,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001011344 |title=Best sellers |first=Thomas K. |last=Arnold |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=August 9, 2005 |accessdate=May 27, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602063539/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001011344 |archivedate=June 2, 2009 |deadurl=no |df=mdy }}</ref> the DVD sauld aroon 3&nbsp;milȝeoun units in its first month, but it wis less nor the nummer o copies, sauld in that amount o time, bi ony ither ''Platinum Edition'' released aforehaund.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.homemediamagazine.com/news/dvd-player-penetration-drives-october-sales-growth-6917|title=DVD Player Penetration Drives October Sales Growth|author=McCourt, Judith |date=December 2, 2004|accessdate=September 19, 2007}}</ref> The film's soundtrack wis available in its original Dolby 5.1 track or in a new Disney Enhanced Home Theater Mix.<ref name="ign" /> The DVD went intae moratorium in Januar 2008, alang wi its sequels.<ref>{{cite web | work=DVDizzy.com | title=Out of Print Disney DVDs|url=http://www.dvdizzy.com/disneyvault.html| accessdate=September 24, 2006}}</ref> Accordin tae an insert in the ''Lady an the Tramp'' Diamond Edition release case, ''Aladdin'' wis gart tae be released on [[Blu-ray Disc]] as a Diamond Edition in Spring 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=8139|title=Disney Teases 2012 Blu-ray Slate|work=Blu-ray.com}}</ref> Insteid, ''[[Peter Pan (1953 film)|Peter Pan]]'' wis released on Blu-ray as a Diamond Edition on Februar 5, 2013 tae celebrate its 60t anniversar.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.insidethemagic.net/2013/02/review-peter-pan-diamond-edition-blu-ray-soars-with-outstanding-nine-old-men-bonus-feature-gorgeous-digital-restoration/ |title=Review: "Peter Pan" Diamond Edition Blu-ray soars with outstanding "Nine Old Men" bonus feature, gorgeous digital restoration |quote=Celebrating its 60th anniversary, Disney has released the timeless classic animated film “Peter Pan” onto Blu-ray for the first time with an impressive trip to Neverland given “Diamond Edition” treatment.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Peter-Pan-Blu-ray/55001/#Review |title=Peter Pan Blu-ray Review |quote=Pardon the nostalgic digression, but Walt Disney's fourteenth animated feature, now celebrating its 60th anniversary, has the look and whimsy of a much younger production.}}</ref> A non-Diamond Edition Blu-ray wis released in a few select European kintras in Mairch 2013. The Belgian edition (released athoot adverts) comes as a 1-disc version wi its extras pit ower frae the Platinum Edition DVD. The same disc wis released in the United Kinrick on Apryle 14, 2013.<ref>{{cite web|title=Aladdin Blu-ray|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Aladdin-Blu-ray/37383/|accessdate=December 24, 2013}}</ref> Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released the film on a Diamond Edition Blu-ray on October 13, 2015. The film wis released on Digital HD on September 29, 2015.<ref>{{cite web|title=Disney's 'Aladdin' Never Looked Better Than in This 'Diamond Edition' Trailer (EXCLUSIVE)|url=http://news.moviefone.com/2015/02/05/disneys-aladdin-diamond-edition-blu-ray-digital/|accessdate=February 7, 2015|archive-date=2015-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207064049/http://news.moviefone.com/2015/02/05/disneys-aladdin-diamond-edition-blu-ray-digital|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pre-Order Disney's ALADDIN Diamond Edition Blu-ray & DVD, Set To Be Released 10/13|url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Pre-Order-Disneys-ALADDIN-Diamond-Edition-Blu-ray-DVD-Set-To-Be-Released-1013-20150608|accessdate=June 8, 2015|archive-date=2015-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150612020831/http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Pre-Order-Disneys-ALADDIN-Diamond-Edition-Blu-ray-DVD-Set-To-Be-Released-1013-20150608|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title='Aladdin' Trailer Offers Peek at New Robin Williams Outtakes as Genie|url=https://www.yahoo.com/movies/aladdin-trailer-offers-peek-at-new-robin-129290396592.html|accessdate=September 29, 2015}}</ref> Upon its first week o release on hame media in the U.S., the film tapped the Blu-ray Disc sales chart an debuted at nummer 2 at the Nielsen VideoScan First Alert chart, which tracks oweraw disc sales behind the disaster film ''San Andreas''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://variety.com/2015/film/news/san-andreas-shakes-up-dvd-blu-ray-disc-sales-charts-1201623841/|title=‘San Andreas’ Shakes Up DVD, Blu-ray Disc Sales Charts|author=Thomas K. Arnold|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=October 22, 2015|accessdate=October 22, 2015}}</ref> ===Controversies=== Ane o the verses o the openin sang "Arabian Nichts" wis altered follaein protests frae the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC). The lyrics war changed in Julie 1993 frae ''"Where they cut aff yer ear if they dinnae like yer face,"'' in the original release tae ''"Where it's flat an immense an the heat is intense."'' The chynge first appeared on the 1993 video release.<ref name="adc">{{cite web|url=http://www.adc.org/index.php?id=283|title=Arab Stereotypes and American Educators|publisher=[[American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee]]|accessdate=March 16, 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070405005650/http://www.adc.org/index.php?id=283| archivedate= April 5, 2007 | deadurl= no}}</ref> The original lyric wis intact on the initial CD soundtrack release, but the re-release uses the edited lyric. The rerecording haes the original vyce on aw ither lines an then a noticeably deeper vyce says the edited line. The Broadway adaptation uses the edited line.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://adamjacobs.net/aladdin-gets-big-changes-broadway-debut/|title=Aladdin gets big changes for Broadway debut|first=Gregory|last=Miller|publisher=New York Post|date=2014-03-09|accessdate=2016-05-08}}</ref> ''Entertainment Weekly'' ranked ''Aladdin'' in a leet o the maist controversial films in history, due tae this incident.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,1202224,00.html |title=The 25 Most Controversial Movies Ever |work=Entertainment Weekly |accessdate=March 16, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314000859/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C1202224%2C00.html |archivedate=March 14, 2007 |deadurl=no |df= }}</ref> The ADC complained aboot the portrayal o the lead characters Aladdin an Jasmine. Thay criticised the characters' Englified an pail features, an Inglis-American accents, in contrast tae the ither characters in the film, which are dark-skinned, hae foreign accents an grotesque facial features, an appear villainous or greedy.<ref name="adc" /> Protests war raised tae anither scene. When Aladdin is attacked bi the tiger Rajah on the pailace balcony, Aladdin quietly says a line that some fowk reportit hearing as ''"guid teenagers, take aff yer clothes,"''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.snopes.com/disney/info/aladwsj.htm |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091001072715/http://www.snopes.com/disney/info/aladwsj.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=October 1, 2009 |title=Take Off Your Clothes! |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=October 25, 1995 |accessdate=April 2, 2013 |publisher=[[Snopes]] }}</ref> which thay considered a subliminal reference tae promiscuity. Hooanever, accordin tae the commentary track on the 2004 DVD, while Musker an Clements did admit Scott Weinger mad up on the spot during the scene, thay claimed "we did not record that, we would not record that," an said the line wis ''"guid tiger, take aff an gae..."'' an the wird "tiger" is owerlapped bi Rajah's snarl.<ref>Ron Clements and John Musker, "Filmmaker's Commentary". ''Aladdin: Platinum Edition'' DVD, Disc 1, Bonus Features, Backstage Disney, Walt Disney Home Entertainment.</ref> Efter the wird tiger, a seicont vyce can be heard which haes been suggestit wis accidentally grafted onto the soundtrack. Because o the controversy, Disney removed the line on the DVD release.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.snopes.com/disney/films/aladdin.asp|title=Disney (Take Off Your Clothes!)|publisher=[[Snopes]]|accessdate=March 24, 2007}}. The source compiles and cites four major newspaper references.</ref> Animation enthusiasts hae noticed similarities atween ''Aladdin'' an Richard Williams' unfinished film ''The Thief an the Cobbler'' (kent forby as ''Arabian Knicht'' unner Miramax Films an ''The Princess an the Cobbler'' unner Majestic Films Internaitional). Thir similarities include a seemilar plot, seemilar characters, scenes an background designs, an the antagonist Zig-Zag's resemblance in character design an mannerisms tae Genie an Jafar.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdsnapshot.com/January07Review/ThiefAndCobbler.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216141735/http://www.dvdsnapshot.com/January07Review/ThiefAndCobbler.html|archivedate=December 16, 2008 |title=The Thief and the Cobbler review|publisher=DVD snapshot|author=Savino, Cris}}</ref><ref name="nytimes">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/08/26/movies/film-review-a-late-finisher-about-old-araby.html|title= A Late Finisher About Old Araby |work=The New York Times|date=August 26, 1995 | first=Caryn | last=James}}</ref> Tho ''Aladdin'' wis released prior tae ''The Thief an the Cobbler'', ''The Thief an the Cobbler'' initially began production much earlier in the 1960s, an wis mired in difficulties includin financial problems, copyright issues, story revisions an late production times caused bi separate studios tryin tae finish the film efter Richard Williams wis fired frae the project for lack o finished work.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://movies.tvguide.com/movie-news/Best-Animated-Movie-7953.aspx|title=The Best Animated Movie You've Never Heard Of|publisher=[[TV Guide]]|date=November 28, 2006|accessdate=March 17, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615171326/http://movies.tvguide.com/movie-news/Best-Animated-Movie-7953.aspx|archivedate=June 15, 2012}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615171326/http://movies.tvguide.com/movie-news/Best-Animated-Movie-7953.aspx |date=2012-06-15 }}</ref> The late release, coupled wi Miramax purchasing an re-editing the film, haes whiles resulted in ''The Thief an the Cobbler'' bein labeled a rip-aff o ''Aladdin''.<ref name="nytimes" /> ==Live-action adaptations== * On Julie 15, 2015, the studio stairtit developin a live-action comedy adventure prequel cried ''Genies''. The film is bein written bi Damian Shannon an Mark Swift, while [[Tripp Vinson]] is on buird tae produce via his Vinson Films banner. The film is intendit tae lead intae a live-action ''Aladdin'' movie.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/aladdin-live-action-prequel-works-808895|title='Aladdin' Live-Action Prequel in the Works at Disney (Exclusive)|publisher=The Hollywood Reporter|last=Kit|first=Borys|date=July 15, 2015}}</ref> On November 8, Disney revealed it haed originally planned tae uise Robin Williams' unused lines frae the 1991–92 recording sessions for the film, but his will prohibited the studio frae uisin his likeness for twinty-five years efter his daith.<ref>{{cite news|title=Robin Williams’ will prevents use of outtakes for ‘Aladdin’ sequel|last=Putnam|first=Lindsay|url=http://nypost.com/2015/11/08/robin-williams-will-prevents-use-of-outtakes-for-aladdin-sequel/|newspaper=[[The New York Post]]|date=November 8, 2015|accessdate=November 14, 2015}}</ref> *In October 2016, it wis reportit that Disney wis developin a live-action adaptation o ''Aladdin'' wi Guy Ritchie signed on tae direct the film. John August is writing the script, which will reportedly retain the musical elements o the original film, while Dan Lin is attached as producer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://deadline.com/2016/10/aladdin-guy-ritchie-disney-live-action-film-sherlock-holmes-1201834102/|last=Fleming Jr.|first=Mike|title=Guy Ritchie To Direct Live Action 'Aladdin' For Disney|publisher=[[Deadline.com]]|accessdate=October 10, 2016|date=October 10, 2016}}</ref> Lin revealed that thay are leukin for a diverse cast.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://collider.com/aladdin-live-action-movie-diverse-cast/|title=Disney’s Live-Action ‘Aladdin’ Won’t Be ‘Prince of Persia’, Says Producer; Promises Diverse Cast|publisher=[[Collider.com]]|accessdate=February 8, 2017|date=February 8, 2017}}</ref> In Apryle 2017, [[Will Smith]] entered talks tae play the Genie.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://deadline.com/2017/04/will-smith-genie-role-aladdin-disney-1202072355/|title=Will Smith In Talks For Genie Role In Disney’s Live-Action ‘Aladdin’|publisher=[[Deadline.com]]|accessdate=April 19, 2017|date=April 19, 2017}}</ref> In Mey 2017, [[Little Mix|Jade Thirlwall]] enterted talks tae portray the role o Jasmine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://metro.co.uk/2017/05/22/a-whole-new-world-for-jade-thirlwall-little-mix-star-in-talks-to-play-princess-jasmine-in-aladdin-6652776/|title=A Whole New World for Jade Thirlwall? Little Mix Star in ‘talks’ to play Princess Jasmine in Aladdin|publisher=[[Metro.co.uk]]|accessdate=May 22, 2017|date=May 22, 2017}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist|30em}} ==Freemit airtins== {{wikiquote|Aladdin}} * {{Offeecial wabsteid|http://movies.disney.com/aladdin}} * {{IMDb title|0103639|Aladdin}} * {{Allmovie title|1338|Aladdin}} * {{mojo title|aladdin|Aladdin}} * {{rotten-tomatoes|1042582-aladdin|Aladdin}} * {{bcdb|4-Aladdin|Aladdin}} * [http://toonopedia.com/aladdin.htm Aladdin] in folklore an popular cultur, at [[Don Markstein's Toonopedia]]. [http://www.webcitation.org/6bCRL7uUO?url=http://toonopedia.com/aladdin.htm Archived] frae the original on August 31, 2015. {{Disney theatrical animatit featurs}} {{Walt Disney Animation Studios}} {{Ron Clements an John Musker}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aladdin (1992 Disney film)}} [[Category:1992 animatit films]] [[Category:1990s adventur films]] [[Category:1990s American animatit films]] [[Category:1990s comedy films]] [[Category:1990s fantasie films]] [[Category:1990s muisical films]] [[Category:American animatit fantasie films]] [[Category:American buddy films]] [[Category:American bairns' animatit films]] [[Category:American bairns' fantasie films]] [[Category:American fantasie adventur films]] [[Category:American fantasie-comedy films]] [[Category:American muisical fantasy films]] [[Category:Animatit buddy films]] [[Category:Animatit comedy films]] [[Category:Animatit fantasie films]] [[Category:Animatit featur films]] [[Category:Animatit muisical films]] [[Category:Best Animatit Featur Annie Awaird winners]] [[Category:Cultural depictions o Arnold Schwarzenegger]] [[Category:Cultural depictions o The Marx Brothers]] [[Category:Disney's Aladdin| ]] [[Category:Disney Renaissance]] [[Category:Films aboot wish fulfillment]] [[Category:Films adaptit intae televeesion programmes]] [[Category:Films based on Ane Thoosand an Ane Nichts]] [[Category:Films directit bi John Musker]] [[Category:Films directit bi Ron Clements]] [[Category:Films featurin anthropomorphic chairacters]] [[Category:Films featurin hypnosis]] [[Category:Film scores bi Alan Menken]] [[Category:Films set in a fictional Asian kintra]] [[Category:Films set in the Middle East]] [[Category:Films that wan the Best Oreeginal Score Academy Awaird]] [[Category:Films that wan the Best Oreeginal Sang Academy Awaird]] [[Category:Walt Disney Animation Studios films]] [[Category:Walt Disney Pictures films]] m2rzqx5hmbe8898qwzinjyafncl43pm ASEAN 0 152767 869910 585986 2022-08-24T06:20:05Z 31.200.16.107 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Map of ASEAN member states.svg|550px|thumb|Map showing the member states of ASEAN.]] The '''Association of Southeast Asian Nations''' ('''ASEAN''') is an [[wikt:international|internaitional]] organisation. On 8t August 1967, [[Malaysie]], [[Thailand]], [[Indonesie]], [[Singapore]], an the [[Philippines]] shapit the ASEAN. At that time, [[communism]] wis growin in [[Vietnam]], an these five kintras wur an aw facin problems inside their kintras. In this backgrund, these five kintras creatit ASEAN as a show o common display o [[cooperation]]. In short, the purpose o the organisation is poleetical an economic cooperation. [[Category:Association of Southeast Asian Nations| ]] [[Category:Supranaitional unions]] [[Category:Unitit Naitions General Assembly observers]] [[Category:Organisations established in 1967]] [[Category:Ramon Magsaysay Awaird winners]] [[Category:Organisations based in Jakarta]] d5yeo40sy8tt76ofzpx0dqtwwcrwa4t 869911 869910 2022-08-24T06:20:41Z 31.200.16.107 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Map of ASEAN member states.svg|550px|thumb|Map showing the memmer states of ASEAN.]] The '''Association of Southeast Asian Nations''' ('''ASEAN''') is an [[wikt:international|internaitional]] organisation. On 8t August 1967, [[Malaysie]], [[Thailand]], [[Indonesie]], [[Singapore]], an the [[Philippines]] shapit the ASEAN. At that time, [[communism]] wis growin in [[Vietnam]], an these five kintras wur an aw facin problems inside their kintras. In this backgrund, these five kintras creatit ASEAN as a show o common display o [[cooperation]]. In short, the purpose o the organisation is poleetical an economic cooperation. [[Category:Association of Southeast Asian Nations| ]] [[Category:Supranaitional unions]] [[Category:Unitit Naitions General Assembly observers]] [[Category:Organisations established in 1967]] [[Category:Ramon Magsaysay Awaird winners]] [[Category:Organisations based in Jakarta]] 5ki8dkabyiyytxl7x3puhzqt8bixkc0 869912 869911 2022-08-24T06:21:13Z 31.200.16.107 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Map of ASEAN member states.svg|550px|thumb|Cairt showin the memmer states o ASEAN.]] The '''Association of Southeast Asian Nations''' ('''ASEAN''') is an [[wikt:international|internaitional]] organisation. On 8t August 1967, [[Malaysie]], [[Thailand]], [[Indonesie]], [[Singapore]], an the [[Philippines]] shapit the ASEAN. At that time, [[communism]] wis growin in [[Vietnam]], an these five kintras wur an aw facin problems inside their kintras. In this backgrund, these five kintras creatit ASEAN as a show o common display o [[cooperation]]. In short, the purpose o the organisation is poleetical an economic cooperation. [[Category:Association of Southeast Asian Nations| ]] [[Category:Supranaitional unions]] [[Category:Unitit Naitions General Assembly observers]] [[Category:Organisations established in 1967]] [[Category:Ramon Magsaysay Awaird winners]] [[Category:Organisations based in Jakarta]] dhmliq62br1kjnqo74afuwmhmcscvjh Vladimir Komarov 0 166811 869896 611625 2022-08-23T15:38:52Z John576424 96152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox astronaut | name = Vladimir Komarov 1965. | image = Vladimir Komarov foto grupal grupo de cosmonautas (cropped).jpg | caption = 1965 USSR postage stamp honourin Vladimir Komarov | type = Cosmonaut | nationality = [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] | birth_date = {{birth date|1927|3|16|df=yes}} | death_date = {{Death date and age|1967|4|24|1927|3|16|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Moscow]], [[Soviet Union]] | death_place = [[Orenburg Oblast]], [[Roushie SFSR]], [[Soviet Union]] | occupation = [[Ingineer]] | rank = [[Polkovnik]] (equiv. [[Colonel]]), [[Soviet Air Force]] | selection = [[Leet o astronauts bi selection#1960|Air Force Group 1]] | space_time = 2d 03h 04m | missions = [[Voskhod 1]], [[Soyuz 1]] | insignia = | awards = {{Hero of the Soviet Union}} {{Hero of the Soviet Union}} {{Order of Lenin}} {{Order of Lenin}} }} '''Vladimir Mikhaylovich Komarov''' ({{lang-rus|Влади́мир Миха́йлович Комаро́в|p=vlɐˈdʲimʲɪr mʲɪˈxaɪləvʲɪtɕ kəmɐˈrof}}; 16 Mairch 1927{{spaced ndash}}24 Aprile 1967) wis a [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] test pilot, [[aerospace ingineer]] an [[cosmonaut]] in the first group o cosmonauts selectit in 1960. He wis ane o the maist heichly experienced an well-qualified candidates acceptit intae the Group Air Force № 1 (the first squad o cosmonauts o the [[USSR]]). {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Komarov, Vladimir}} [[Category:1927 births]] [[Category:1967 daiths]] [[Category:1964 in spaceflicht]] [[Category:1967 in spaceflicht]] [[Category:Accidental daiths in the Soviet Union]] [[Category:Heroes o the Soviet Union]] [[Category:Recipients o the Order o Lenin]] [[Category:Recipients o the Order o the Reid Star]] [[Category:Buirials at the Kremlin Waw Necropolis]] [[Category:Fowk frae Moscow]] [[Category:Soviet cosmonauts]] [[Category:Soviet ingineers]] [[Category:20t-century ingineers]] [[Category:Space programme fatalities]] [[Category:Honorary ceetizens o Baikonur]] jp4v9lsllan5v7urqie4m5c3ad3qg2g Pyeonghwa Motors 0 196048 869923 867907 2022-08-24T10:06:35Z CommonsDelinker 411 Removin' "Pyeonghwa_Motors_logo.svg", it haes bin deletit frum Commons by [[commons:User:Yann|Yann]] coz: [[:c:Commons:Deletion requests/Files uploaded by Kang20210412|]]: "Own work" doubtful for the original designs. Some are [[:c:oos|]] as unused trivia wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox company|name=Pyeonghwa Motors<br >''Pyeonghwa Jadongcha''<br />평화자동차|logo=|logo_size=200|industry=Manufacturing|foundation={{Start date and age|1999}}|founded={{Start date and age|1999}}|hq_location_city=[[Seoul]]|location_city=Seoul|location_country=[[Sooth Korea]]|num_locations=<!-- number of physical production sites/locations the company has -->|locations=<!-- number of physical production sites/locations the company has -->|area_served=[[North Korea]], [[Vietnam]]|key_people=Park Sang-Kwon, CEO and Chairman|products=[[Automobile]]s|intl=yes|owner=Ryonbong<br/>Unification Church<br/>Pyeonghwa Motors|homepage=[http://www.pyeonghwamotors.com/ Official Page (blocked)]}} '''Pyeonghwa Motors''' ([[Hangul]] : 평화자동차) ([[Hanja|Hancha]] : 平和自動車), a [[Korean leid|Korean leid]] wird for "[[peace]]", an aa spelled '''Pyonghwa''', is ane o the twa [[Automobile|caur]] manufacturers an dealers in the [[North Korea]]n automotive industry. It is a jynt ventur in [[Namp'o|Nampo]] atween Pyonghwa Motors o [[Seoul]] ([[Sooth Korea]]), a company owned bi Sun Myung Moon's Unification Kirk, an the [[North Korea]]n Ryonbong General Corp. The jynt ventur produces smaw caurs unner licence frae [[Fiat]] an Brilliance Cheenae Auto, a pickup truck an an SUV uisin complete knock doun kits frae Cheenese manufacturer Dandong Shuguang, an a luxury car o [[Mercedes-Benz]]/SsangYong design.{{Citation needed|date=September 2015}} Pyeonghwa haes the exclusive rights tae caur production, purchase, an sale o uised caurs in North Korea. Houiver, maist North Koreans are unable tae afford a caur. Because o the very smaw mercat for caurs in the kintra, Pyeonghwa's output is reportedly very law. In 2003, anly 314 caurs war produced even tho the factory haed the facilities tae produce up tae 10,000 caurs a year. Erik van Ingen Schenau, author o the beuk ''Automobiles Made in North Korea'', haes estimatit the company's tot production in 2005 at nae mair nor aroond 400 units. == References == {{Reflist}} ==External links== The offeecial wabsteid appears tae hae been blocked but brief details can be foond at: * [https://www.northkoreatech.org/the-north-korean-website-list/pyeonghwa-motors/ Northkoreatech] [[Category:Companies o North Korea]] qfq34mb6c4u6vtbnvk0zlr6z6k2kno5 Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Vienna 14 209190 869919 713258 2022-08-24T09:38:20Z 31.200.16.107 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Austrick|Vienna]] c443dbmti972psdi563gce8vqm554vp Leet o Warld Heritage Steids in Indonesie 0 221858 869898 787141 2022-08-23T16:59:00Z 31.200.16.107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{location map+ |Indonesia|width=700 |float=right|caption=Location o Warld Heritage Steids in Indonesie|relief=1|places= {{location map~ |Indonesia|lat=-7.36|long=110.1213|label=[[Borobudur]]| position=left}} {{location map~ |Indonesia|lat=-8.33|long=115|label=[[Subak (irrigation)|Subak]]| position=bottom}} {{location map~ |Indonesia|lat=-8.33|long=119.29|label=[[Komodo Naitional Pairk]]}} {{location map~ |Indonesia|lat=-4.45|long=137.50|label=[[Lorentz Naitional Pairk]]}} {{location map~ |Indonesia|lat=-7.46|long=110.29|label=[[Prambanan Temple Compoonds|Prambanan]]|position=bottom}} {{location map~ |Indonesia|lat=-7.24|long=110.490|label=[[Sangiran Early Man Steid|Sangiran]]|position=top}} {{location map~ |Indonesia|lat=-2.30|long=101.30|label=[[Tropical Rainforest Heritage o Sumatra]]|position=left}} {{location map~ |Indonesia|lat=-6.45|long=105.20|label=[[Ujung Kulon Naitional Pairk|Ujung Kulon]]| position=top}} {{location map~ |Indonesia|lat=0.40|long=100.47|label=[[Ombilin coal mine|Sawahlunto]]| position=top}} }} The [[UNESCO]] (Unitit Naitions Eddicational, Scienteefic an Cultural Organization) haes designatit nine [[Warld Heritage Steid]]s in [[Indonesie]].<ref name="UNESCO-Indonesia">{{Cite web|title=Warld Heritage Properties in Indonesia|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/id|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=10 July 2019}}</ref><ref name="UN division">{{cite web |url =http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm#europe |title = Composition of macro geographical (continental) regions, geographical sub-regions, and selected economic and other groupings |year = 2010 |work = Geografical region an composeetion o each region |publisher = [[Unitit Naitions Statistics Diveesion]] |accessdate = 20 October 2011 }}</ref> Selection is based on [[Warld Heritage Steid#Selection criteria|ten criteria]]: sax for [[cultural heritage]] (i&ndash;vi) an fower for [[naitural heritage]] (vii&ndash;x).<ref name="criteria">{{Cite web|title=The Criteria for Selection |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/criteria |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=10 September 2011}}</ref> Some steids, designatit "mixed steids," represent baith cultural an naitural heritage. In Indonesie, thare are 5 cultural, 4 naitural, an nae mixed steids.<ref name="UNESCO-Indonesia"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.antaranews.com/news/128467/ombilin-coal-mine-makes-it-into-unesco-world-heritage-list|title=Ombilin coal mine makes it into UNESCO Warld Heritage list|website=antaranews.com|date=8 July 2019}}</ref> The Warld Heritage Committee mey awso specify that a steid is [[Warld Heritage in Danger|endangered]], citin "condeetions which threaten the very characteristics for which a property wis inscribit on the Warld Heritage Leet." [[Tropical Rainforest Heritage o Sumatra]]. A nummer o organisations hae been pushin the Meenistry o Cultur tae nominate mair steid for UNESCO inclusion syne 2015. Neighbours [[Philippines]], [[Singapore]], an [[Indie]] hae been supportive o Indonesie's nominations in UNESCO, alang wi ither [[ASEAN]] peers. ==Legend== :'''Steid'''; named efter the Warld Heritage Committee's offeecial designation<ref name=list>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/nominations/ |title=Warld Heritage List Nominations |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=28 May 2010}}</ref> :'''Location'''; at ceety, regional, or provincial level an geocoordinates :'''Criteria'''; as defined bi the Warld Heritage Committee<ref name="criteria" /> :'''Aurie'''; in [[hectare]]s and [[acre]]s. If available, the size o the buffer zone haes been notit as weel. A value o zero implies that nae data haes been published bi UNESCO :'''Year'''; during which the steid wis inscribit tae the Warld Heritage Leet :'''Descreeption'''; brief information aboot the steid, includin reasons for qualifyin as an endangered steid, if applicable ==Warld Heritage Steids== {{Legend|#FFE6BD|† In danger|outline=silver}} {|class="wikitable sortable" ! style="width:15%;" scope="col"| Steid ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | Eemage ! scope="col" | Location ! scope="col" | [[Warld Heritage Steids#Selection criteria|Criteria]] ! scope="col"| Aurie<br />ha (acre) ! scope="col"| Year ! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Descreeption ! scope="col"| Refs |- ! scope="row" | [[Borobudur Temple Compoonds]] | [[File:Borobudur-Nothwest-view.jpg|150x150px|alt=A terraced pyramid lik structur wi a stupa on ta.]] | {{sort|Indonesia|[[Magelang Regency]], [[Central Java]] <br/><small>{{coord|7|36|28|S|110|12|13|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Borobudur Temple Compounds}}</small>}} | Cultural:<br />(i), (ii), (vi) | {{convert|25.51|ha|abbr=values|sortable=on}} | align="center" | 1991 | This famous Buddhist temple, datin frae the 8t an 9t centuries, is locatit in central Java. It wis biggit in three tiers: a pyramidal base wi five concentric square terraces, the trunk o a cone wi three circular platforms an, at the tap, a monumental stupa. The walls an balustrades are decoratit wi fine law reliefs, covering a tot surface aurie of 2,500 m2. Aroond the circular platforms are 72 openwork stupas, each containing a statue o the Buddha. The monument wis restored wi UNESCO's help in the 1970s. |592<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/592|title=Borobudur Temple Compounds|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=28 May 2010}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Subak (irrigation)|Cultural Landscape o Bali Province: the ''Subak'' Seestems as a Manifestation o the ''Tri Hita Karana'' Philosophy]] | [[File:Jatiluwih rice terraces.jpg|150x150px]] | {{sort|Indonesia| [[Bali]] <br/><small>{{coord|8|20|0|S|115|0|0|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Cultural Landscape of Bali Province}}</small>}} | Cultural:<br />(ii), (iii), (v), (vi) | {{convert|19,520|ha|abbr=values|sortable=on}} | align="center" | 2012 | The cultural laundscape of Bali conseests of five rice terraces an thair watter temples that kiver 19,500 ha. The temples are the focus o a cooperative watter management seestem of canals an weirs, kent as subak, that dates back tae the 9t century. Included in the laundscape is the 18t-century Ryal Watter Temple of Pura Taman Ayun, the lairgest an maist impressive airchitectural edifice of its teep on the island. The subak reflects the philosophical concept of Tri Hita Karana, which brings thegither the realms o the spirit, the human warld an naitur. This philosophy wis born o the cultural exchynge atween Bali an Indie ower the past 2,000 years an haes shaped the laundscape of Bali. The subak seestem of democratic an egalitarian farming practices haes enabled the Balinese tae acome the maist prolific rice growers in the archipelago despite the challenge of supporting a dense population. |1194rev<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1194|title=Cultural Landscape of Bali Province |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=1 July 2012}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Komodo Naitional Pairk]] | [[File:Komodo dragon at Komodo National Park.jpg|150x150px]] | {{sort|Indonesia|[[Wast Manggarai Regency]], [[East Nusa Tenggara]] <br/><small>{{coord|8|33|S|119|29|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Komodo National Park}}</small>}} | Naitural:<br />(vii), (x) | {{convert|219322|ha|abbr=values|sortable=on}} | align="center" | 1991 | Thir volcanic islands are inhabitit bi a population o aroond 5,700 giant lizards, whose appearance an aggressive behaviour hae led tae them bein cried 'Komodo dragons'. Thay exist nowhere else in the warld an are of great interest tae scientists studyin the theory of evolution. The rugged hillsides of dry savannah an pockets of thorny green vegetation contrast starkly wi the brilliant white sandy beaches an the blue waters surging ower coral. |609<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/609|title=Komodo National Park|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=28 May 2010}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Lorentz Naitional Pairk]] | [[File:Puncakjaya.jpg|150x150px|alt=A rocky moontain rig.]] | {{sort|Indonesia|[[Papua (province)|Papua]] <br/><small>{{coord|4|45|S|137|50|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Lorentz National Park}}</small>}} | Naitural:<br />(vii), (ix), (x) | {{convert|2350000|ha|abbr=values|sortable=on}} | align="center" | 1999 |Lorentz Naitional Pairk (2.35 million ha) is the lairgest protectit aurie in Sooth-East Asie. It is the anelie protectit aurie in the warld tae incorporate a continuous, intact transect frae snowcap tae tropical marine environment, includin extensive lowland wetlands. Locatit at the meetin-pynt of twa colliding continental plates, the aurie haes a complex geology wi ongaein moontsin formation as well as major sculpting bi glaciation. The aurie contains fossil steids which provide evidence o the evolution of life on New Guinea, a heich level of endemism an the heichest level of biodiversity in the region. |955<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/955|title=Lorentz National Park|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=28 May 2010}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Prambanan Temple Compoonds]] | [[File:Prambanan Java245.jpg|150x150px]] | {{sort|Indonesia|[[Central Java]] and [[Special Region o Yogyakarta]] <br/><small>{{coord|7|45|8|S|110|29|30|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Prambanan Temple Compounds}}</small>}} | Cultural:<br />(i), (iv) | {{center|—}} | align="center" | 1991 | Built in the 10t century, this is the lairgest temple compound dedicated tae Shiva in Indonesia. Rising abuin the centre o the last of thir concentric squares are three temples decorated wi reliefs illustrating the epic o the Ramayana, dedicated tae the three great Hindu divinities (Shiva, Vishnu an Brahma) an three temples dedicated tae the ainimals who serve them. |642<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/642|title=Prambanan Temple Compounds|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=28 May 2010}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Ombilin Coal Mine|Ombilin Coal Minin Heritage o Sawahlunto]] | | [[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Een ingang van de Ombilin steenkoolmijnen TMnr 20018524.jpg|150x150px|alt=Sawahlunto.]] | {{sort|Indonesia| [[Wast Sumatra]] <br/><small>{{coord|0|40|0|S|100|47|0|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Ombilin Coal Mining Heritage of Sawahlunto}}</small>}} | Cultural:<br /> (ii),(iv) | {{convert|268.18|ha|abbr=values|sortable=on}} | align="center" | 2019 | Built for the extraction, processing an transport of heich-quality coal in an inaccessible region of Sumatra, this industrial site wis developit bi the Netherlands’ colonial govrenment frae the late 19t tae the beginnin o the 20t century wi a workforce recruited frae the local population an supplemented bi convict labour frae Dutch-controlled auries. It comprises the minin site an company toun, coal storage facilities at the port of Emmahaven an the railwey network linking the mines tae the coastal facilities. The Ombilin Coal Minin Heritage wis biggit as an integrated seestem that enabled the efficient deep-bore extraction, processing, transport an shipment of coal. |6057<ref>{{cite news|url= https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1610|title= Ombilin Coal Mining Heritage of Sawahlunto|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=8 August 2019}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Sangiran Early Man Steid]] | [[File:Sangiran 17-02.JPG|150x150px|alt=Upper pairt o a petrified skull includin some teeth.]] | {{sort|Indonesia|[[Sragen Regency]], [[Central Java]] <br/><small>{{coord|7|24|0|S|110|49|0|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Sangiran Early Man Site}}</small>}} | Cultural:<br />(iii), (vi) | {{convert|5600|ha|abbr=values|sortable=on}} | align="center" | 1996 | Excavations here frae 1936 tae 1941 led tae the discovery o the first hominid fossil at this site. Later, 50 fossils of Meganthropus palaeo an Pithecanthropus erectus/Homo erectus war foond – hauf of aw the warld's kent hominid fossils. Inhabited for the past ane an a hauf million years, Sangiran is ane o the key sites for the understanding of human evolution. |593<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/593|title=Sangiran Early Man Site|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=28 May 2010}}</ref> |-style="background-color: #FFE6BD" ! scope="row" style="background-color: #FFE6BD"| [[Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra]]<sup>†</sup> |[[File:Taman_nasional_gunung_lauser._Aceh.jpg|150px]] | {{sort|Indonesia|[[Aceh]], [[Jambi]], an [[Lampung]] <br/><small>{{coord|2|30|S|101|30|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra}}</small>}} | Naitural:<br />(vii), (ix), (x) | {{convert|2595124|ha|abbr=values|sortable=on}} | align="center" |2004 | The 2.5 million hectare Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra site comprises three national parks: Gunung Leuser National Pairk, Kerinci Seblat National Pairk an Bukit Barisan Selatan National Pairk. The site holds the greatest potential for lang-term conservation o the distinctive an diverse biota of Sumatra, includin mony endangered species. The pertected aurie is home tae an estimatit 10,000 plant species, includin 17 endemic genera; mair nor 200 mammal species; an some 580 bird species of which 465 are resident an 21 are endemic. O the mammal species, 22 are Asian, nae foond elsewhere in the archipelago an 15 are confined tae the Indonesian region, includin the endemic Sumatran orang-utan. The site provides biogeographic evidence o the evolution o the island. The site haes been listed as [[Warld Heritage in Danger|endangered]] syne 2011 due tae [[poaching]], [[illegal logging]], [[agricultural encroachment]], an plans tae [[road building|big roads]]. |1167<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1167 |title=Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=25 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/news/764 |title=Danger listing for Indonesia's Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=26 July 2011}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Ujung Kulon Naitional Pairk]] | [[File:Ujung Kulon National Park, 2014.jpg|150x150px]] | {{sort|Indonesia|[[Banten]] an [[Lampung (province)|Lampung]]<br/><small>{{coord|6|45|S|105|20|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Ujung Kulon National Park}}</small>}} | Naitural:<br />(vii), (x) | {{convert|78525|ha|abbr=values|sortable=on}} | align="center" | 1991 | This national pairk, locatit in the extreme sooth-wastren tip of Java on the Sunda shelf, includes the Ujung Kulon peninsula an several offshore islands an encompasses the naitural reserve of Krakatoa. In addition tae its naitural beauty an geological interest – parteecularly for the study of inland volcanoes – it contains the lairgest remainin aurie of lowland rainforests in the Java plain. Several species of endangered plants an ainimals can be foond thare, the Javan rhinoceros bein the maist seriously unner threat. |608<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/608|title=Ujung Kulon National Park|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=28 May 2010}}</ref> |} ==Tentative leet== The follaein 19 steids are on the Tentative Leet for Indonesie, meanin that the govrenment intends tae consider thaim for nomination in the future:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/state=id |title=Tentative Lists: Indonesia|publisher=UNESCO|accessdate=8 April 2012}}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" ! style="width:15%;" scope="col"| Site ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | Image ! scope="col" | Location ! scope="col" | [[Warld Heritage Steid#Selection criteria|Criteria]] ! scope="col"| Aurie<br />ha (acre) ! scope="col"| Year ! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Description ! scope="col" | Refs |- ! scope="row" | [[Bawomataluo Steid]] | [[File:Omo Sebua, South Nias, Indonesia.jpg|150x150px|alt=Omo Sebua means the big hoose. This is a traditional hoose frae South Nias.]] | {{sort|Indonesia|[[Sooth Nias Regency]], [[Nias]], [[North Sumatra]] <br/><small>{{coord|00|36|59|N|97|46|17|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Bawomataluo}}</small>}} | Cultural:<br />(i), (iv), (vi) | 5 ha | align="center" | 2009 | The Bawomataluo dounset is locatit in the Bawomataluo Village, unner the Destrict of Teluk Dalam, in the South Nias Regency. The aurie covers ± 5 Hectares wi an altitude of 270 meters abuin sea level. This kampong is situated on the heichts o the hills an is relatively safe frae ony tsunami threats, despite haein a distance of anly 4 kilometers frae the seashore. Tae enter this housing complex, ane must gang throu a concrete stairway that resembles a terraced gravesite wi 7 steps in the first section an 70 steps in the seicont pairt. The houses face ilk ither wi a distance of 4 meters apart an in the middle o the complex, thare is a stone arrangement that is placed in an open space uised for ceremonial customs an rituals. In atween thir traditional houses, newly biggit houses hae been erected facing ilk ither in a straucht line frae the northwest tae the northeast. In the middle o the complex, thare is a row of houses parallel towards the southeast. Inside the complex, thare are 500 houses wi a population of 7,000 that conseests o 500 household heads. The Chief's or the King's hoose is locatit in the South West side an is the lairgest in the complex. Based on the genealogy/faimily tree o the community, it is stated that the designer o the houses wis King Laowo as the founder o the Kinrick of this region an are descendants o the Gomo faimily. Later on, the construction o the hoose wis finalized bi Saonigeho (Siliwu Gere) who wis the first generation o the Laowo faimily. Currently, the hoose is occupied bi the heirs frae the fowert generation o the Laowo faimily. The hoose is estimatit tae hae been biggit in the 18t century. |5463<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5463/|title=Bawomataluo Site|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=8 April 2012}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Betung Kerihun Naitional Pairk]] (Transborder Rainforest Heritage o Borneo) |[[File:Back to nature.jpg|center|frameless|150x150px]] | {{sort|Indonesia|[[Wast Kalimantan]] <br/><small>{{coord|0|40|0|N|112|15|0|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Betung Kerihun National Park}}</small>}} | Natural:<br /> (viii), (ix), (x) | 800,000 ha | align="center" | 2004 | Betung Kerihun National Pairk locatit in Sub destrict of Embaloh Hulu, Embaloh Hilir an Putussibau, Destrict of Kapuas Hulu, Province of West Kalimantan. BKNP covers an aurie of 800,000 Ha. In general, the climate in BKNP exhibits a very heich rainfall, bein the teepical of wet inland Kalimantan. Flora Borneo, the richest o the Sunda islands floristically baith in terms of tot species richness an diversity (MacKinnon et al., 1996), haes a flora richness which includes baith Asian an Australian elements. Fauna Lik Borneo' fauna in general, BKNP's rich fauna is characteristically Asian in origin. It shares maist of its fauna wi the Asian mainland an the ither Sunda islands, but shares few species wi Sulawesi an the eastren islands which hae a somewhat different faunal composition. |1871<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1871/|title=Betung Kerihun National Park |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=8 April 2012}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Bunaken Naitional Pairk]] | [[File:Bunaken Marine Park.JPG|150x150px|alt=Bunaken National Marine Pairk, Manado, Indonesia.]] | {{sort|Indonesia|[[Manado]], [[North Sulawesi]] <br/><small>{{coord|1|35|0|N|124|39|0|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Bunaken National Park}}</small>}} | Natural:<br />(vii), (viii), (ix), (x) | 280,000 ha | align="center" | 2005 | This pairt of North Sulawesi wis undergone multiple geologic stages. It is considered tae be a "young" continent of 5–24 million years of age which haes undergone explosive volcanism mair recently (1.5 tae 5 million years ago) which resulted in the volcanic tuff that characterizes the existin topography. Manado Tua is an inactive volcano formed in a classical cone shape wi a 27–45-ft slope. The island rises ower 600 m abuin sea level, the heichest elevation in the pairk. Bunaken Island haes volcanic origins wi a significant amount of uplifted fossil coral. At the wast an central pairt of Bunaken Island (71 m heich) thare is a flat plateau aboot 5Om abuin mean sea level (msl). Nain Island is a dome-shaped island, 139 m in heicht an wi a slope of 20–40 inches. Mantehage Island is relatively flat an seems tae be sinking intae the sea. The island haes extensive mangrove forest flats, partially separated bi saltwater channels. Siladen is a law-lying coral sand island wi no significant topography. Arakan-Wawontulap an Molas-Wori on the mainland of North Sulawesi are relatively flat auries at the base of volcanic hills. The pairk haes unique bathymetry which is an attraction for divers. The absence o a continental shelf in the northren pairt of North Sulawesi allows the coastal aurie o the pairk tae drop directly doun the continental slope. The sea depth atween the islands o the pairk is 200–1,840m deep. In the coral ecosystem alone, Bunaken National Pairk covers an aurie of 89,095 hectares. The lairger North Sulawesi aurie (possessing potential for future inclusion in this WH site) contains approximately 280,000 ha. The marine national pairk aurie is home tae thousands of different species of fish, coral, endangered marine mammals an reptiles, birds, molluscs an mangrove species. The Sanghie-Talaud island chain immediately tae the north o the national pairk aurie is equally diverse (440 species frae 52 sites in 2.3 million hectares). The uniqueness of Bunaken an the wider North Sulawesi aurie is its density of diversity in close proximity tae a growin an populous pairt of Indonesia. |2002<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/2002/|title=Bunaken National Park |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=8 April 2012}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Derawan Islands]] | [[File:Derawan Island East Kalimantan.jpg|150x150px|alt=A quiet morning in Derawan Island, East Kalimantan.]] | {{sort|Indonesia| [[Berau Regency]], [[East Kalimantan]] <br/><small>{{coord|2|15|0|N|118|25|0|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Derawan Islands}}</small>}} | Naitural:<br />(x) | {{center|—}} | align="center" | 2005 | Stretching ower 100 mile alang the coast of East Kalimantan, the Derawan island chain is ane o the maist biologically rich auries in aw of Indonesie. Here, watter frae the Berau River mixing wi the Sulawesi Sea creatit a unique seascape characterized bi a broad river delta leadin tae a scattered groupings of patch reefs, fringing reefs, an atolls. |2007<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/2007/|title=Derawan Islands |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=8 April 2012}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Yogyakarta|Historical Ceety Centre o Yogyakarta]] | [[File:Kraton Yogyakarta Pagelaran.jpg|150x150px|alt=Front hall of [[Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat]].]] | [[Special Region o Yogyakarta]] <br/><small>{{coord|7|48|03.8|S|110|21|53.3|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Historical City Centre of Yogyakarta}}</small> | Cultural:<br /> (i), (ii), (vi) | 1260 ha | align="center" | 2017 | The historical ceett of Yogyakarta is a traditional Javanese ceety foondit in 1756 bi Pangeran Mangkubumi or the first Sultan Hamengkubuwana as the centre o the Sultanate of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat (henceforth: Kasultanan Yogyakarta). Distinct frae ither Javanese ceety, the ceety centre wis designed based on specific Javanese cosmology an philosophy as manifested in its location an plan. The location of Yogyakarta ceety wis deliberately chosen tae precisely reflect microcosmos, whauras the plan o the ceety centre wis drawn up based on the Javanese philosophy regarding the naitur of human destiny. Accordingly, every component o the historical ceety centre of Yogyakarta haes its ain philosophical meanin. |6206<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6206/ |title=Historical City Centre of Yogyakarta |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=18 April 2018}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Bogor Botanical Gardens|Kebun Raya Bogor]] | [[File:The Fountain at The Center of Sudjana Kassan Garden at Bogor Botanical Garden.jpg|150x150px|alt=Bogor Botanical Gardens]] | [[Bogor]], [[Wast Java]] <br/><small>{{coord|6|36|13.28|S|106|48|17.6|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Kebun Raya Bogor}}</small> | Cultural:<br /> (ii), (iv) | 75.4 ha | align="center" | 2018 | Kebun Raya Bogor or Bogor Botanic Gardens (BBG) is an ex situ conservation aurie locatit in the administrative aurie of Bogor City, West Java Province, Indonesia. Area of BBG wis 75.4 ha. Bogor Botanical Garden is at N 6º35‟32.78" S 6º36‟13.28" W 106º47‟36.72" E 106º48‟17.6". Bogor Botanic Gardens is ane o the plant conservation auries that became important evidence in the historical development of science in Indonesia. Thare are mair nor 24 research institutions on naitural sciences directly an directly established bi Bogor Botanic Gardens locatit in Buitenzorg/Bogor. In the beginnin the establishment of Bogor Botanic Gardens wis intendit as a place of acclimatization of plant species originating frae foreign countries that hae heich economic value. Nou, Bogor Botanic Gardens nae anly conserve the types of economic value, but conserve the species of plants that are rare, endemic, scienteefic value an hae the potential tae be developit frae the entire tropics forby. Collection of plants arranged in the form of blocks an grouped bi taxonomic an thematic classification pattern. |6353<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6353/ |title=Kebun Raya Bogor |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=22 July 2018}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Muara Takus|Muara Takus Compoond Steid]] | [[File:003 Site from South-West (38244920665).jpg|150x150px|alt=Muara Takus Compoond Steid.]] | {{sort|Indonesia| [[Kampar Regency]], [[Riau]] <br/><small>{{coord|0|20|20|N|100|38|24.62|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Muara Takus Compound Site}}</small>}} | Cultural:<br /> (i), (iv), (vi) | {{center|—}} | align="center" | 2009 | Muara Takus Site is administratively unner the Muara Takus veelage, in the destrict of Koto Kampar XIII, which is situated in the Kampar regency of Riau province. The Kampar Kanan river divides Muara Takus intae twa regions. The river flowing northward forms a parabolic river bend. In the eastren side o the river, thare is a smaw river which is kent bi the local fowk as the Umpamo or Limpamo river. The headwaters of this smaw river is locatit in the swamp auries in the southeast of Muara Takus an this smaw river ends in the Kampar Kanan River. The estuary o the Umpamo or Limpamo river is situated exactly at the northernmost curve o the Kampar Kanan River. In the past, a human dounset wis situated at the inner side an northren side o the river bend, but mair specifically in the eastren side o the river. Houiver, due tae the hydro-power electricity plant development project, baith sub-veelage regions war relocatit tae a new location approximately 1.5 kilometres southwards o the umwhile dounset. |5464<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5464/ |title=Muara Takus Compound Site |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=8 April 2012}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Muaro Jambi Temple Compoonds|Muarajambi Temple Compoond]] | [[File:Candi Gumpung Muarojambi.jpg|150x150px|alt=Muarajambi Temple Compound.]] | {{sort|Indonesia| [[Muaro Jambi Regency]], [[Jambi]] <br/><small>{{coord|1|24|0|S|103|2|0|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Muarajambi Temple Compound}}</small>}} | Cultural:<br /> (ii), (iii), (iv) | 2062 ha | align="center" | 2009 | The Muarajambi Temple Compound Site is locatit in the Muarajambi Village, in the Destrict of Maro Sebo, Muaro Jambi Regency, Jambi Province. Frae Jambi ceety, the site is less nor 40 kilometers an can be reached bi land transportation or throu the river in ane oor. The site is spread alang 7.5 kilometers o the riverbanks of Batanghari River in which auld canals or man-made rivers are poseetioned tae connect the Batanghari River wi the site. Throu thir auncient canals that circulate the site, fowk coud reach the temple compounds. In the Muarajambi Temple Compound Site that covers an aurie of 2062 hectares, thare war at least 82 ruins of auncient buildings made of brick construction. Seiven of thir auncient temples hae been gien intensive conservation treatment; meanwhile the remainin structures are covered wi primary an seicontar vegetation, an surroondit bi the local community plantation of Sumatran endemic plants (planted bi the local fowk kent as Menapo). The seiven temple compounds are the Gumpung, Tinggi I, Tinggi II, Kembar Batu, Astano, Gedong I an Gedong II, an the Kedaton Temple. In addition tae that conservation treatment, several o the auncient canals an the auld ponds that war previously covered wi watter vegetation hae been cleared an are nou restored tae normal, sic as the auncient canals in Jambi River an the Telago Rajo Pond. Based on archaeology research an historical soorces, the Muarajambi Temple Compound Site wis ance the centre for worship an eddication o the Buddhist religion in the period o the Auncient Malay Kinrick in the 7t–14t centuries AD. |5465<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5464/ |title=Muarajambi Temple Compound |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=11 April 2020}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Pettakere cave|Prehistoric Cave Steids in Maros-Pangkep]] | [[File:Hands in Pettakere Cave.jpg|150x150px|alt=Prehistoric Cave Sites in Maros-Pangkep.]] | {{sort|Indonesia| [[Maros Regency]], [[South Sulawesi]] <br/><small>{{coord|4|42|49|S|119|34|17|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Prehistoric Cave Sites in Maros-Pangkep}}</small>}} | Naitural:<br /> (ix) | 21,631 ha forest aurie, 43,750 ha the Karst Maros-Pangkep aurie | align="center" | 2009 | In general, the karst landscape is hilly an haes mountainous terrains. The mountainous aurie is situated in the north east or locatit in the Bulusaraung Mountains. The heichest peak o the moontain is 1,565 m abuin sea level in the northren side of Bulusaraung Moontain. This side o the moontain haes a steep slope wi rough texture. The climate in the Maros Pangkep aurie is tropical wi the dry saidon atween the months of November tae Apryle meanwhile the rainy saison runs frae May tae October. The temperature ranges frae 210–310&nbsp;°C or on average 26.40&nbsp;°C, wi fluctuating humidity. The aurie o the Pangkep conservation forest covers aroond ± 21.631 hectares frae the tot forest aurie of 32.503 hectares. Most o the conservation forest is within the karst aurie that is pairt o the National Pairk of Bantimurung an Bulusaraung (Babul). |5467<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5467/|title=Prehistoric Cave Sites in Maros-Pangkep |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=8 April 2012}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Raja Ampat Islands]] | [[File:Raja Ampat 2.jpg|150x150px|alt=Raja Ampat Islands.]] | {{sort|Indonesia| [[West Papua (province)|Wast Papua province]] <br/><small>{{coord|0|30|0|N|124|30|0|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Raja Ampat Islands}}</small>}} | Naitural:<br /> (vii), (x) | 4.6 million ha | align="center" | 2005 | The Raja Ampat Islands, situatit near the Northwast coast of Papua, conseests of aboot 1,500 islands, includin several lairge, mountainous islands, the lairgest bein Waigeo, Batanta, Salawati an Misool. The laund an surroondin sea occupy approximately 46,000 sq km or aboot 4.6 million ha. The islands are locatit in a region on the wastren boarder o the equatorial Pacific Ocean an at the Northeastren ‘entrance’ o the Indonesian Throughflow frae the Pacific tae the Indian Ocean. The vast majority o the archipelago rests on the Sahul shelf. The wide distribution of smaw islands across the shelf edge creates a strong gradient frae clear watter, open oceanic conditions tae sheltered an turbid bays, surroondit bi karst limestone formations. |2003<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/2003/|title=Raja Ampat Islands |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=8 April 2012}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Sangkulirang|Sangkulirang - Mangkahilat Karts: Prehistoric rock airt aurie]] | | | {{sort|Indonesia| [[East Kalimantan]]}} <br/><small>{{coord|1|09|39.12|N|117|09|32.62|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Sangkulirang - Mangkahilat Karts: Prehistoric rock art area}}</small> | Cultural:<br /> (iii) | - | align="center" | 2015 | The property is situated in the middle-eastren pairt of East Kalimantan Province, at Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat Peninsula. It contains thousands of reid rock-airt pentins, an some sites wi engraving locatit at 35 sites in seiven different karst moontain auries at the heid o the Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat Peninsula (Merabu, Batu Raya, Batu Gergaji, Batu Nyere, Batu Tutunambo, Batu Pengadan an Batu Tabalar). |6009<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6009/ |title=Sangkulirang - Mangkahilat Karts: Prehistoric rock art area|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=12 August 2015}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Semarang|Semarang Auld Toun]] | | [[File:Semarang_Old_Town_2008.jpg|150x150px|alt=Semarang Auld Town.]] | {{sort|Indonesia| [[Semarang]], [[Central Java]]}} <br/><small>{{coord|6|58|06|S|110|25|40|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Semarang Old Town}}</small> | Cultural:<br /> (ii),(iv) | - | align="center" | 2015 | Semarang is a colonial ceety par excellence. Established in 17t century, Kota Lama Semarang is a best preserved colonial ceety wi remarkable testimony of important historical phases of human civilization – in economic, poleetical an social – in the South East Asia an the Warld. Awtho it is the day a sprawlin metropolis of 1.2 million indwallers, its auld centre retains a group of buildings wi various airchitectural styles coming frae medieval, baroque an modren style. Its unique urban landscape shows a development o a fortified ceety which is growin intae an internaitional an cosmopolitan port ceety in its age. Therefore it is worth preserving Kota Lama Semarang, especially frae the day’s thread: extensive flooding an land subsidence. |6011<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6011/ |title=Semarang Old Town|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=12 August 2015}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Taka Bone Rate Naitional Pairk|Taka Bonerate Naitional Pairk]] | | {{sort|Indonesia| [[Selayar Regency]], [[Sooth Sulawesi]] <br/><small>{{coord|6|16|0|S|120|54|0|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Taka Bonerate National Park}}</small>}} | Naitural:<br /> (vii), (viii), (ix), (x) | 530,765 ha | align="center" | 2005 | The Bonerate National Pairk is home tae the third biggest atoll in the warld efter Kwajifein in the Marshall Isles an Suvadiva in the Moldiva Isles. The tot aurie o the atoll is aboot 220,000 hectares wi coral reefs spreading ower 500 sq km. The national pairk includes an aurie of 530,765 ha. ''Taka Bonerate'' is a Bugis’ name that somewhat haes a meanin ''coral piled up on sand''. Thare are 15 islands in Taka Bonerate National Pairk whaur visitors can enjoy diving, snorkelling an marine tours. |2005<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/2005/ |title=Taka Bonerate National Park |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=8 April 2012}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Toraja|Tana Toraja Tradeetional Settlement]] | [[File:Toraja house.jpg|150x150px|alt=Tana Toraja Tradeetional Settlement.]] | {{sort|Indonesia| [[Tana Toraja Regency]], [[Sooth Sulawesi]] <br/><small>{{coord|2|36|0|S|119|22|0|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Tana Toraja Traditional Settlement}}</small>}} | Cultural:<br /> (iv), (v), (vi) | 3,205 km2 | align="center" | 2009 | Tana Toraja Traditional Settlement is a series of 10 traditional settlements or constituents of them, sic as burial or ceremonial grunds. The properties are scattered within Tana Toraja Regency in the Province of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Tana-Toraja occupies aboot 3.205 sq km o a relatively hilly terrain wi plateaus rising frae 300 tae 2,800 meters abuin sea level. The nominated Tana Toraja Traditional Settlement conseests o 10 sites which are dispersed in the Tana Toraja Regency (see pairt I). Tradeetionally, a Toraja dounset consists o a compound of houses (tongkonan) an granaries (alangs), burials (liang), ceremonial grunds wi menhirs (rante), rice-fields, bamboo forests, an grazing grund or pastur for buffalo an pigs. Houiver, nae aw the nominated sites possess aw the dounset components, on accoont of developmental changes in each site. A brief description o the nominated sites is providit in pairt I Identification o the Property. The follaein descriptions present some complementary information aboot each site. |5462<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5462/ |title=Tana Toraja Traditional Settlement |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=8 April 2012}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Banda Islands|The Historic an Marine Laundscape o the Banda Islands]] | [[File:Run, Banda islands, Maluku, Indonesia.jpg|150x150px|alt=The island of Run wis ance traded for Manhattan it wis a valuable soorce of spice.]] | {{sort|Indonesia|[[Central Maluku Regency]], [[Maluku (province)|Maluku]] <br/><small>{{coord|40|28|0|S|129|39|0|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Banda Island}}</small>}} | Mixed:<br />(iv), (vi), (x) | {{center|—}} | align="center" | 2015 | The Banda Islands are kent unner the name 'Spice Islands’ forby, as this island group wis the oreeginal an sole location o the production o the spices nutmeg an mace during the maist prosperous years of Dutch, Inglis an Portuguese colonization. The Banda Islands are situated in the eastren pairt o the Indo-Malayan archipelago. It conseests o eleven smaw volcanic islands, cried Neira, Gunung Api, Banda Besar, Rhun, Ai, Hatta, Syahrir, Karaka, Manukan, Nailaka an Batu Kapal, wi an approximate land aurie of 8,150 hectares in tot. Thir islands war the scene o the earliest European ventures in Asia. In order tae obtain a monopoly on the production an tred of nutmeg, the Dutch biggit a comprehensive nutmeg plantation seestem on the islands during the 17t century. It included the nutmeg plantations for spice production, several forts for the defence o the spices, an a colonial toun for trading an governance. This seestem lasted until Indonesia’s unthirldom in 1945, houiver, thir first commercial plantations remain the basis of the day’s modren internaitional trading seestem of nutmeg produce. The Dutch war nae the anly occupants of this region, houiver. The Breetish skillfully negotiated wi the veelage leaders on the island Rhun tae pertect them frae the Dutch in exchange for a monopoly on thair nutmeg. The veelage leader of Rhun acceptit King James I of England as thair sovereign, an it became the first overseas Inglis colony. Control o the Banda Islands continued tae be contested until 1667 when, in the treaty of Breda, the Breetish ceded Rhun tae the Dutch in exchange for the island of Manhattan (later New York City). |6065<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6065/|title=Banda Islands|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=12 August 2015}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Kota, Jakarta|The Auld Toun o Jakarta (Formerly auld Batavia) an 4 Ootlyin Islands (Onrust, Kelor, Cipir dan Bidadari)]] | | [[File:Kali Krukut Kota Tua Jakarta.jpg|150x150px|alt=Auld Toun of Jakarta.]] | {{sort|Indonesia| [[Jakarta]]}} <br/><small>{{coord|6|08|05|S|106|48|48|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=The Old Town of Jakarta (Formerly old Batavia) and 4 Outlying Islands (Onrust, Kelor, Cipir dan Bidadari)}}</small> | Cultural:<br /> (ii),(iii),(iv),(v) | - | align="center" | 2015 | Located at the mooth o the Ciliwung River in Java, the Old Town of Jakarta wis established bi the VOC in 1619. Its 17t-century toun plan wis completit in 1650. In 17t an 18t century VOC haed lairgest volume of tred in the warld, governed frae Batavia. No colonial toun biggit bi VOC matched the grandeur an completeness (military, civil engineering, an urban elements) of Dutch toun planning & airchitectur of Batavia. The nominated property: the 1650 toun (1.5&nbsp;km x 1&nbsp;km) wi 4 major auries on the Ciliwung River sides. West side: umwhile Jayakarta an twa 18t century houses. Northwest side: West Warehouse, auld toun wall remains, Floating Warehouse, VOC shipyard, Luar Batang Mosque. East side: East Warehouse, Town Square, Town Hall. South east side: Cheenae Town. Kalibesar Canal wi traditional boats wharf. Islands: Onrust, Kelor, Cipir & Bidadari wi shipyard an forts. |6010<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6010/ |title=The Old Town of Jakarta (Formerly old Batavia) and 4 Outlying Islands (Onrust, Kelor, Cipir dan Bidadari)|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=12 August 2015}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | Tradeetional Settlement at Nagari Sijunjung | | [[File:Rumah Gadang di Kawasan 1000 Rumah Gadang.jpg|150x150px|alt=Rumah Gadang at Sijunjung.]] | {{sort|Indonesia| [[Sijunjung Regency]], [[West Sumatra]]}} <br/><small>{{coord|0|42|49|S|100|59|28|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Traditional Settlement at Nagari Sijunjung}}</small> | Cultural:<br /> (iii),(v) | - | align="center" | 2015 | Tradeetional Settlement at Nagari Sijunjung (Perkampungan Adat Nagari Sijunjung) locatit at twa villages, Jorong Koto Padang an Tanah Bato, of Sijunjung regency of West Sumatra. The main setting of dounset is in a linier poseetion lies atween twa lairge rivers, namely Batang Sukam an Batang Kulampi. The compound of traditional houses is surroondit bi hills, forest, paddy fields, an plantation. Thare are 76 houses in this aurie inhabited bi nine clans an thair subordinate clans. The traditional houses seembolise matrilineal-based clans in Nagari, customary veelage of Minangkabau. It conseests o paddy fields an plantation, graveyards, mosques an madrasah-Islamic schuil, mercat, an balai adat (customs hall). |6059<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6059/ |title=Traditional Settlement at Nagari Sijunjung|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=12 August 2015}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Trowulan|Trowulan - Umwhile Caipital Ceety o Majapahit Kinrick]] | [[File:Wringin Lawang, Trowulan.jpg|150x150px|alt=Trowulan - Former Capital City of Majapahit Kinrick.]] | {{sort|Indonesia| [[Mojokerto Regency]], [[East Java]] <br/><small>{{coord|7|30|0|S|112|18|0|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Trowulan - Former Capital City of Majapahit Kingdom}}</small>}} | Cultural:<br /> (i), (v) | 99 km2 | align="center" | 2009 | The Trowulan steid is the anly ceety steid o the Hindu-Budha classical age in Indonesia that can still be foond. The site covers an aurie of 11&nbsp;km x 9&nbsp;km, which includes the Districts of Trowulan an Sooko within the Regency of Mojokerto an the Districts of Mojoagung an Mojowarno unner the Jombang Regency. The site o the umwhile caipital ceety o the Majapahit Kinrick wis biggit on flat terrains at the fit of three mountains, namely the Penanggungan, Welirang, an Anjasmara Moontain. Geographically, the Trowulan aurie wis suitable for human dounset syne it wis supported bi plane topography wi relatively shallow grund watter. Hunders of thousands of archaeological remnants o the auld ceety in the Trowulan Site war foond buried underground as well as on the surface in the form of: artifacts, eco-facts, an features. |5466<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5466/ |title=Trowulan - Former Capital City of Majapahit Kingdom |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=8 April 2012}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Wakatobi National Pairk]] | | [[File:Wakatobi-188.jpg|150x150px|alt=Wakatobi National Pairk.]] | {{sort|Indonesia| [[Buton Regency]], [[Sootheast Sulawesi]] <br/><small>{{coord|5|12|0|S|123|20|0|E|region:ID_type:landmark|name=Wakatobi National Park}}</small>}} | Natural:<br /> (vii), (viii), (ix), (x) | 1,390,000 ha | align="center" | 2005 | Wakatobi National Pairk haes very heich marine resoorce potential, in terms of baith species an uniqueness, wi enchanting submarine landscapes. In terms of configuration, the marine waters o the pairk generally stairt flat an then slope seawards, wi sheer precipices in some pairts. The watter depth varies, the deepest pairts reachin 1,044 metres wi sand an coral at the bottom. This pairk haes 25 chains of coral reefs, an the tot circumference o the coral islands is 600&nbsp;km. The National Pairk includes an aurie of 1,390,000 hectares. |2006<ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/2006/ |title=Wakatobi National Park |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=8 April 2012}}</ref> |} ==Performance o Indonesie in UNESCO== {|class="wikitable sortable" |- !UNESCO List !! Exclusive Entries of Indonesia !! Shared/Multinaitional Entries Involvin Indonesie |- |[[Warld Network o Biosphere Reserves|UNESCO Warld Network o Biosphere Reserves]] || 16 || {{sort|0|—}} |- |[[Warld Heritage Leet|UNESCO Warld Heritage Leet]] || 9 || {{sort|0|—}} |- |[[Memory o the Warld Register|UNESCO Memory o the Warld Register]] || 3 || 5 |- |[[Global Geopairks Network|UNESCO Global Geopairks Network]] || 4 ||{{sort|0|—}} |- |[[Creautive Ceeties Network|UNESCO Creautive Ceeties Network]] || 2 || {{sort|0|—}} |- |[[UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Leets]] || 10 || {{sort|0|—}} |} ==Proponed Steids in the Tentative Leet== The follaein steid(s) hae been proponed bi some scholars for inclusion in the tentative leet: * [[Gunung Padang Megalithic Steid]]<ref>https://merahputih.com/post/read/situs-gunung-padang-diusulkan-masuk-warisan-dunia-unesco</ref> * [[Lore Lindu Naitional Pairk]]<ref>https://travel.tempo.co/read/1245681/arkeologi-lore-lindu-yang-melimpah-diusulkan-jadi-warisan-dunia</ref> * [[Siak Sri Indrapura Pailace]]<ref>https://www.goriau.com/berita/baca/kawasan-kesultanan-siak-sri-indrapura-diusulkan-ke-unesco-sebagai-warisan-dunia.html</ref> * [[Spice Route]]<ref>https://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2019/09/21/indonesia-to-propose-spice-trail-for-unesco-world-heritage-list.html</ref> ==Notes== {{reflist|2}} {{commonscat|Warld Heritage Sites in Indonesia}} ==References== ;General *{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/archive/1992/whc-92-conf002-12e.pdf |title=Warld Heritage Committee: Sixteenth session |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=28 May 2010|format=PDF|ref={{harvid|16th session|1992}}}} *{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/archive/2004/whc04-28com-26e.pdf |title=Warld Heritage Committee: Twenty-eighth session |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=26 June 2011|format=PDF|ref={{harvid|28th session|2004}}}} *{{cite web |url=http://aseanup.com/unesco-world-heritage-sites-indonesia/ |title=Detailed list of UNESCO Warld Heritage Sites in Indonesia with large pictures}} [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Indonesie| 01]] [[Category:Leets o Warld Heritage Steids|Indonesie]] oe6ods4wfv54zpbvft011bvcyi9245n Uiser:Cliverbot 2 224610 869909 802637 2022-08-24T03:37:36Z MJL 57296 update wikitext text/x-wiki {{ombox | image = [[File:Toolforge logo with text.svg|40px]] | text = '''This bot will eventually run on [[wikitech:Portal:Toolforge|Wikimedia Toolforge]].''' <small class="sysop-show"><br />''Administrators: If this bot needs to be blocked due to a malfunction, please remember to disable autoblocks so that other Toolforge bots are not affected.''</small> }} {{Infobox | title = {{PAGENAME}} | above = {{#if: {{{isbot|}}}|{{#switch:{{{isbot|}}}|no|No=|#default=This uiser is a bot}}|This uiser is a bot}} | subheader = <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[{{TALKSPACE}}:MJL|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/{{PAGENAME}}|contribs]]] | image1 = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{logo|}}}}} | image2 = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image=File:FEMA - 21025 - Photograph by Robert Kaufmann taken on 01-04-2006 in Louisiana.jpg}} | caption2 = {{{caption|}}} | label1 = Status | data1 = {{#switch:{{lc:{{{active|no}}}}}|true|yes='''<span style="color:#008000">Active</span>'''|false|no='''<span style="color:#800000">Inactive</span>'''|#default=}} | label2 = Operator | data2 = {{user|MJL}} | label3 = Author | data3 = {{{author|}}} | label4 = Approved? | data4 = [[Wikipedia:Requests for adminship/Cliverbot|Yes]] | label5 = [[Wikipedia:User_access_levels#Bots|Flagged]]? | data5 = {{{flag|}}} | label6 = Task(s) | data6 = {{{tasks|}}} | label7 = Edit rate | data7 = {{{edit rate|}}} | label8 = Edit period(s) | data8 = {{{period|}}} | label9 = Automatic or manual? | data9 = {{{process|}}} | label10 = [[Programmin leid]](s) | data10 = Python | label11 = [[w:en:Category:Wikipedia bots which are exclusion compliant|Exclusion compliant]]? | data11 = No | label12 = Source code published? | data12 = Nae yet | label13 = Emergency shutoff-compliant? | data13 = {{{shutoff|{{{shutoff_compliant|{{#if:yes|Yes}}}}}}}} | label14 = Ither information | data14 = Beep boop. }} <br />{{ombox |image = [[File:Admin bot.png|75px|This is an admin bot account.]] |text = '''This uiser account is a [[mw:Help:Bots|bot]] that uises [[mw:Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]] an [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser|AutoWikiBrowser]], operatit by {{user|MJL}}.''' 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Be expectin a load o bletherin tripe. kb49rzbeovm04oxbjmyel9dyb1q9s9o Wikipedia:September 2022 Writin Drive 4 229710 869893 869124 2022-08-23T15:29:40Z Lirazelf 27464 /* Theme */ monuments wikitext text/x-wiki {{TOC right}} {{nutshell|title=Scots Wikipedia Julie 2022 Writin Drive |'''Whare an Whan?:''' Yer hoose / Onwab - Monanday 5t September 2022 12am - Sunday 11t September 2022 - 11:59pm (drap in, See gin ye cannae mak hit fur the stairt, dinnae get yersel wirkit up!) |'''Fowk tae contact:''' [mailto:scotland@wikimedia.org.uk scotland@wikimedia.org.uk] |'''Cost:''' Free |'''Hou dae a sign up?:''' [https://discord.gg/RA4tyaN Discord here], [https://matrix.to/#/#scots-wikipedia-edtiors:glasgow.social Matrix here].}} == Anent Us == We'r an onwab group thit hiv got thegither tae sort oot aw the bad Scots Wikipedia airticles an tae help oot the site's admins bi teachin thaim mair Scots, an sort oot the Wiki as a hale. This time, we're giein "writin drives" a bash, whaur we'll hiv a week whaur we kin mak time tae scrieve fur the wiki ony time oothrou. Yese kin dae as little or as much as ye'd like. We hiv group zoom sessions planned on certain days an aw. '''{{en}}''' We're an online group that has formed to fix all of the bad Scots Wikipedia articles, help out the site's admins by teaching them proper Scots, and generally improve the quality of the Wiki. This time, we're trying "writing drives", where we'll have a week where we can make time to write for the wiki any time throughout. You can write as little or as much as you'd like. === Theme === {{en}} September is Wiki Loves Monuments, so let's focus on listed buildings & scheduled monuments in Scotland! We can also add images to articles - either ones that exist already on Wikimedia Commons, or maybe you'd like to take your own? == Tasks == === Airticles === ==== Airticle tae pit thegither ==== TODO ==== Airticles tae sort oot ==== TODO === {{en}} Tasks for people not confident in their Scots === TODO === AWB Tasks === TODO {{The Big Wiki Rewrite navbox}} a98z29c1grgt1yzo444oi2q15q3iq3o 869894 869893 2022-08-23T15:32:25Z Lirazelf 27464 /* Airticle tae pit thegither */ wikidata query wikitext text/x-wiki {{TOC right}} {{nutshell|title=Scots Wikipedia Julie 2022 Writin Drive |'''Whare an Whan?:''' Yer hoose / Onwab - Monanday 5t September 2022 12am - Sunday 11t September 2022 - 11:59pm (drap in, See gin ye cannae mak hit fur the stairt, dinnae get yersel wirkit up!) |'''Fowk tae contact:''' [mailto:scotland@wikimedia.org.uk scotland@wikimedia.org.uk] |'''Cost:''' Free |'''Hou dae a sign up?:''' [https://discord.gg/RA4tyaN Discord here], [https://matrix.to/#/#scots-wikipedia-edtiors:glasgow.social Matrix here].}} == Anent Us == We'r an onwab group thit hiv got thegither tae sort oot aw the bad Scots Wikipedia airticles an tae help oot the site's admins bi teachin thaim mair Scots, an sort oot the Wiki as a hale. This time, we're giein "writin drives" a bash, whaur we'll hiv a week whaur we kin mak time tae scrieve fur the wiki ony time oothrou. Yese kin dae as little or as much as ye'd like. We hiv group zoom sessions planned on certain days an aw. '''{{en}}''' We're an online group that has formed to fix all of the bad Scots Wikipedia articles, help out the site's admins by teaching them proper Scots, and generally improve the quality of the Wiki. This time, we're trying "writing drives", where we'll have a week where we can make time to write for the wiki any time throughout. You can write as little or as much as you'd like. === Theme === {{en}} September is Wiki Loves Monuments, so let's focus on listed buildings & scheduled monuments in Scotland! We can also add images to articles - either ones that exist already on Wikimedia Commons, or maybe you'd like to take your own? == Tasks == === Airticles === ==== Airticle tae pit thegither ==== {{en}} [[https://w.wiki/5c3r Here's a Wikidata query that shows all the listed buildings & scheduled monuments in Scotland which don't yet have an article on Scots wiki.]] ==== Airticles tae sort oot ==== TODO === {{en}} Tasks for people not confident in their Scots === TODO === AWB Tasks === TODO {{The Big Wiki Rewrite navbox}} j87h4715oumvlj0i6yevae89o6l5qib 869895 869894 2022-08-23T15:32:43Z Lirazelf 27464 /* Airticle tae pit thegither */ brackets wikitext text/x-wiki {{TOC right}} {{nutshell|title=Scots Wikipedia Julie 2022 Writin Drive |'''Whare an Whan?:''' Yer hoose / Onwab - Monanday 5t September 2022 12am - Sunday 11t September 2022 - 11:59pm (drap in, See gin ye cannae mak hit fur the stairt, dinnae get yersel wirkit up!) |'''Fowk tae contact:''' [mailto:scotland@wikimedia.org.uk scotland@wikimedia.org.uk] |'''Cost:''' Free |'''Hou dae a sign up?:''' [https://discord.gg/RA4tyaN Discord here], [https://matrix.to/#/#scots-wikipedia-edtiors:glasgow.social Matrix here].}} == Anent Us == We'r an onwab group thit hiv got thegither tae sort oot aw the bad Scots Wikipedia airticles an tae help oot the site's admins bi teachin thaim mair Scots, an sort oot the Wiki as a hale. This time, we're giein "writin drives" a bash, whaur we'll hiv a week whaur we kin mak time tae scrieve fur the wiki ony time oothrou. Yese kin dae as little or as much as ye'd like. We hiv group zoom sessions planned on certain days an aw. '''{{en}}''' We're an online group that has formed to fix all of the bad Scots Wikipedia articles, help out the site's admins by teaching them proper Scots, and generally improve the quality of the Wiki. This time, we're trying "writing drives", where we'll have a week where we can make time to write for the wiki any time throughout. You can write as little or as much as you'd like. === Theme === {{en}} September is Wiki Loves Monuments, so let's focus on listed buildings & scheduled monuments in Scotland! We can also add images to articles - either ones that exist already on Wikimedia Commons, or maybe you'd like to take your own? == Tasks == === Airticles === ==== Airticle tae pit thegither ==== {{en}} [https://w.wiki/5c3r Here's a Wikidata query that shows all the listed buildings & scheduled monuments in Scotland which don't yet have an article on Scots wiki.] ==== Airticles tae sort oot ==== TODO === {{en}} Tasks for people not confident in their Scots === TODO === AWB Tasks === TODO {{The Big Wiki Rewrite navbox}} 95cb3ape1c4slku3u4w74r8zdpaaijq Shayan Javadi 0 229794 869906 869772 2022-08-24T02:11:23Z Shahrooz061 92184 wikitext text/x-wiki Shayan Javadi ({{lang-os|Шаян Джавади}}; {{lang-fa|شایان جوادی}}) is an Iranie owersetter an Lingueest. His acteevities are maistlins i the field o Ossetian, Scots an Icelandic leids. I Ossetie, he is kent as the first person wha introducit Ossetian leeteratur ootside o Roushie.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://iryston.tv/ir/irajnag-goraet-avhazy-tsaeraeg-shayan-dzhavadi-persajnag-aevzagmae-taelmats-kaeny-iron-fysdzhyty-uatsmystae/|title= Ирайнаг горæт Ахвазы цæрæг Шаян Джавади персайнаг æвзагмæ тæлмац кæны ирон фысджыты уацмыстæ|author = Iryston.tv}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url= https://iryston.tv/teleproject_release/tsard-ahaemtaej-fidauy/|title= Цард ахæмтæй фидауы|author = Iryston.tv}}</ref> He uses the combination o Lurish (fir wirds unique tae Scots) an Persie (fir Inglis wirds) tae translate Scots wirks intae Iranie leids.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://aatashmag.com/|title= Aatash Magazine|author = Aatashmag.com}}</ref> 11vnm8iq7xelwlghufcqajtkvlq5mrj 869907 869906 2022-08-24T02:13:23Z Shahrooz061 92184 wikitext text/x-wiki Shayan Javadi ({{lang-os|Шаян Джавади}}; {{lang-fa|شایان جوادی}}) is an Iranie owersetter an Lingueest. His acteevities are maistlins i the field o Ossetian, Scots an Icelandic leids. I Ossetie, he is kent as the first person wha introducit Ossetian leeteratur ootside o Roushie.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://iryston.tv/ir/irajnag-goraet-avhazy-tsaeraeg-shayan-dzhavadi-persajnag-aevzagmae-taelmats-kaeny-iron-fysdzhyty-uatsmystae/|title= Ирайнаг горæт Ахвазы цæрæг Шаян Джавади персайнаг æвзагмæ тæлмац кæны ирон фысджыты уацмыстæ|author = Iryston.tv}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url= https://iryston.tv/teleproject_release/tsard-ahaemtaej-fidauy/|title= Цард ахæмтæй фидауы|author = Iryston.tv}}</ref> He uses the combination o Lurish (fir wirds unique tae Scots) an Persie (fir Inglis wirds) tae owerset Scots wirks intae Iranie leids.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://aatashmag.com/|title= Aatash Magazine|author = Aatashmag.com}}</ref> if62cyfeqteqqqfautq13x0dvdwjyzk Category:Style 14 229806 869902 2022-08-23T21:19:39Z Sije 8692 Cræftit page wi "{{Commons category|Style}} [[Category:Aesthetics]] [[Category:Airt history]] [[Category:Cultural trends]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|Style}} [[Category:Aesthetics]] [[Category:Airt history]] [[Category:Cultural trends]] jpnx0sftbml7fqi7hs27n4x72luy8ci Leet o Warld Heritage Steids in Azerbaijan 0 229807 869917 2022-08-24T09:29:25Z 31.200.16.107 Cræftit page wi "{{Location map+|Azerbaijan|width=350|float=right|caption=UNESCO Warld Heritage Steids in Azerbaijan |alt=Location o UNESCO Warld Heritage Steids athin Azerbaijan|places= {{Location map~|Azerbaijan|marksize=7|lat_deg=40|lat_min=21|lon_deg=49|lon_min=50|label=[[Auld Ceety (Baku)|Baku]]|position=bottom}} {{Location map~|Azerbaijan|marksize=7|lat_deg=40|lat_min=07|lon_deg=49|lon_min=22|label=[[Gobustan Rock Airt Cultural Landscape|Gobustan]]}} {{Location map~|Azerbaijan..." wikitext text/x-wiki {{Location map+|Azerbaijan|width=350|float=right|caption=UNESCO Warld Heritage Steids in Azerbaijan |alt=Location o UNESCO Warld Heritage Steids athin Azerbaijan|places= {{Location map~|Azerbaijan|marksize=7|lat_deg=40|lat_min=21|lon_deg=49|lon_min=50|label=[[Auld Ceety (Baku)|Baku]]|position=bottom}} {{Location map~|Azerbaijan|marksize=7|lat_deg=40|lat_min=07|lon_deg=49|lon_min=22|label=[[Gobustan Rock Airt Cultural Landscape|Gobustan]]}} {{Location map~|Azerbaijan|marksize=7|lat_deg=41|lat_min=12|lon_deg=47|lon_min=11|label=[[Pailace o the Sheki Khans|Sheki]]|position=bottom}} }} The [[UNESCO]] (Unitit Naitions Eddicational, Scienteefic an Cultural Organization) haes designatit three '''[[Warld Heritage Steid]]s in [[Azerbaijan]]'''.<ref name="UNESCO-Azerbaijan">{{Cite web|title=Warld Heritage Properties in Azerbaijan|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/az|publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=24 August 2022}}</ref><ref name="UN division">{{cite web |url =http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm#europe |title = Composition of macro geographical (continental) regions, geographical sub-regions, and selected economic and other groupings |year = 2010 |work = Geografical region an composeetion o each region |publisher = [[Unitit Naitions|Unitit Naitions Statistics Diveesion]] |accessdate = 24 August 2022 }}</ref> Selection is based on [[Warld Heritage Steid#Selection criteria|ten criteria]]: sax for [[cultural heritage]] (i&ndash;vi) an fower for [[naitural heritage]] (vii&ndash;x).<ref name="criteria">{{Cite web|title=The Criteria for Selection |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/criteria |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=24 August 2022}}</ref> Some steids, designatit "mixed steids," represent baith cultural an naitural heritage. In Azerbaijan, thare are 3 cultural steids.<ref name="UNESCO-Azerbaijan"/> The Warld Heritage Committee mey awso specify that a steid is [[Warld Heritage in Danger|endangered]], citin "condeetions which threaten the very characteristics for which a property wis inscribit on the Warld Heritage Leet." Due tae the damage sustained in the [[2000 Baku yirdquauk]], the [[Auld Ceety (Baku)|Wawed Ceety o Baku]] wis leetit as endangered from 2003 to 2009.<ref name=danger>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/news/521/ |title=World Heritage Committee removes Baku from Danger List welcoming improvements in the ancient city´s preservation |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |accessdate=24 August 2021 |archive-date=20 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020094314/http://whc.unesco.org/en/news/521 |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Warld Heritage Steids == {|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |- |+ ! style="width:180px;" scope="col" | Steid ! class="unsortable" style="width:150px;" scope="col" | Eamage ! style="width:100px;" scope="col" | Location ! style="width:50px;" scope="col" | Year ! style="width:80px;" scope="col" data-sort-type="number"| [[Warld Heritage Steids#Selection criteria|UNESCO Criteria]] ! scope="col" class="unsortable"| Refs |- ! scope="row"| [[Auld Ceety (Baku)|Wawed Ceety o Baku]] with [[Pailace o the Shirvanshahs|Shirvanshah's Pailace]] an [[Maiden Touer (Baku)|Maiden Touer]] | align=center| [[File:Palace of Shirvanshahs common.JPG|150px|alt=Domes and an minaret in light-coloured stone]] | [[Baku]] | align=center| 2000 | 958; iv (cultural) | <ref>{{cite web| publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre| title=Walled City of Baku with the Shirvanshah's Palace and Maiden Tower| url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/958/| access-date=24 August 2022| archive-date=2 Januar 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102191841/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/958/| url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| [[Gobustan Rock Airt Cultural Landscape]] | align=center| [[File:Qobustan.jpg|150px|alt=Rocks at the entrance to the park]] | [[Garadagh Rayon|Garadagh Destrict]] an [[Absheron Rayon|Absheron Destrict]] | align=center| 2007 | 1076rev; iii (cultural) | <ref>{{cite web| publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre| title=Gobustan Rock Art Cultural Landscape| url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1076/| access-date=24 August 2022| archive-date=2 Januar 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102191907/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1076/| url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|Historic Centre o [[Shaki, Azerbaijan|Sheki]] with the [[Pailace o the Shaki Khans|Sheki Khan's Pailace]] |[[Image:Shaki khan palace 1.jpg|150px|alt=Stained glass windows in the palace]] |[[Shaki, Azerbaijan|Sheki]] | align=center| 2019 | 1549rev; ii, v (cultural) | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1549/|title=Historic Centre of Sheki with the Khan's Palace|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=8 Julie 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708142740/http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1549|url-status=live}}</ref> |} == Tentative Leet == The follaein 10 steids are on the Tentative Leet for Azerbaijan, meanin that the govrenment intends tae consider thaim for nomination in the future:<ref>{{cite web |title=Tentative Lists |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/ |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre| access-date=24 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401104537/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/ |archive-date=1 Apryle 2016}}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+ |- |+ ! style="width:180px;" scope="col" | Steid ! class="unsortable" style="width:150px;" scope="col" | Eamage ! style="width:100px;" scope="col" | Location ! style="width:50px;" scope="col" | Year ! style="width:80px;" scope="col" | [[Warld Heritage Steids#Selection criteria|UNESCO Criteria]] ! scope="col" class="unsortable"| Refs |- ! scope="row" | [[Ateshgah o Baku|Ateshgah o Baku (Fire worshippers temple – museum)]] | [[File:Ateshgah Fire Temple.jpg|150x150px|alt=Fire temple in stone, surrounded by walls]] | [[Baku]] | 1998 | i, iii (cultural) | <ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1172/|title=Surakhany, Atashgyakh (Fire – worshippers, temple – museum at Surakhany)|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=12 Mairch 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210312172022/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1172/|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Garabaghlar Mausoleum]] | [[File:Qarabağlar türbə kompleksinin ümumi görünüşü.jpg|150x150px|alt=Garabaghlar Mausoleum with intricate decoration and two minarets in the background]] | [[Kangarli Rayon|Kangarli Destrict]] | 1998 | i, iv (cultural) | <ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1173/|title=The mausoleum of Nakhichevan|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=1 Apryle 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210401080418/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1173/|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Binagadi Asphalt Loch]] | [[File:Rhinoceras binagadiensis.jpg|150x150px|alt=Skeleton of Rhinoceros binagadensis in a museum]] | [[Baku]] | 1998 | viii, ix (naitural) | <ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1175/|title="Binegadi" 4th Period Fauna and Flora Deposit|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=2 Januar 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102191819/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1175|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Lökbatan Mud Volcanae]] | align=center | – | [[Baku]] | 1998 | vii, viii, ix (naitural) | <ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1176/|title="Lok-Batan" Mud Cone|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=2 Januar 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102191815/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1176|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Baku Stage Moontain]] | align=center | – | [[Baku]] | 1998 | viii, ix (naitural) | <ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1177/|title="Baku Stage" Mountain|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=2 Januar 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102191914/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1177/|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | The Caspian Shore Defensive Constructions | [[File:Mardakanbashnya2.JPG|150x150px|alt=Stone castle with walls and a tower]] | Several steids | 2001 | (cultural) | <ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1573/|title=The Caspian Shore Defensive Constructions|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=2 Januar 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102191822/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1573|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Shusha]] Historical an Airchitectural Reserve | [[File:Shushi, NKR.jpg|150x150px|alt=Susha, view from above]] | [[Shusha Rayon|Shusha Destrict]] | 2001 | i, iv, v, vi (cultural) | <ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1574/|title=Susha historical and architectural reserve|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=22 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170922144804/http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1574/|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Ordubad]] Historical an Airchitectural Reserve | [[File:Ordubadda Qeysəriyyə abidəsi 03.JPG|150x150px|alt=Geysarriya monument, a building in light-coloured stone and brick]] | [[Ordubad Rayon|Ordubad Destrict]] | 2001 | i, iv, v (cultural) | <ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1575/|title=Ordubad historical and architectural reserve|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=2 Januar 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102191911/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1575|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Khinalug|Khinalig]] – medieval moontain veelage | [[File:Xınalıq, avqust 2009 - 3.JPG|150x150px|alt=Look at the village from above]] | [[Quba Rayon|Quba Destrict]] | 2020 | iii, iv, v (cultural) | <ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6480/|title=Khinalig – medieval mountainous village|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=2 Januar 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102191818/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6480|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | [[Hirkan Naitional Park|Hirkan Forests (Azerbaijan)]] | [[File:Flanmingo, Hirkan NP, Azerbaijan.JPG|150x150px|alt=Flamingos flying over reeds]] | [[Lankaran Rayon|Lankaran Destrict]] an [[Astara Rayon|Astara Destrict]] | 2020 | ix, x (naitural) | <ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6490/|title=Hirkan Forests (Azerbaijan)|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=2 Januar 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102191927/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6490|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6489/|title=Hyrcanian Forests (Iran (Islamic Republic of))|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=1 Apryle 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210401080422/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6489/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1584|title=Hyrcanian Forests|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=8 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008050129/http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1584|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |} ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Commonscat|World Heritage Sites in Azerbaijan}} * [http://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/az/ UNESCO Warld Heritage Steids in Azerbaijan] [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Azerbaijan| ]] [[Category:Leets o Warld Heritage Steids|Azerbaijan]] ea1laxpwgnh6vsy00oieyjsz8qksdf5 Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Azerbaijan 14 229808 869918 2022-08-24T09:32:25Z 31.200.16.107 Cræftit page wi "{{Commonscat|World Heritage Sites in Azerbaijan}} [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Asie|Azerbaijan]] [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Europe|Azerbaijan]] [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids bi kintra|Azerbaijan]] [[Category:Biggins an structurs in Azerbaijan]] [[Category:Tourist attractions in Azerbaijan]]" wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commonscat|World Heritage Sites in Azerbaijan}} [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Asie|Azerbaijan]] [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Europe|Azerbaijan]] [[Category:Warld Heritage Steids bi kintra|Azerbaijan]] [[Category:Biggins an structurs in Azerbaijan]] [[Category:Tourist attractions in Azerbaijan]] cuvipmre2endxr81roq5wmsktg0ht1n